An Introduction to Permaculture SHORT · Permaculture Principles: 02-10-2010 Fiona Morris – Introduction to Permaculture Transition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 14 “Let
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02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 1
02 October 2010
Fiona MorrisMasters student of Landscape Architecture
Wagenignen UniversityContact: fiona.a.morris@gmail.com
An Introduction to Permaculture
Illustration by Cecilia Macaulay
Transition Towns / Transitiestad Vallei
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What is Permaculture?
Permaculture (permanent agriculture) is the conscious design and maintenance of agriculturally productive ecosystems which have the diversity, stability, and resilience of natural ecosystems.
It is the harmonious integration of landscape and people providing their food, energy, shelter, and other material and non-material needs in a sustainable way.
Bill Mollison – developer of permaculture
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Anything from ‘Permablitzing’...(Melbourne, Australia)
...to painting...(City Repair, USA)
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Ethics Zoning Sectors Principles
(Mollison, 1978)
Ecological design system:
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Ethics:
EARTH CARE: Provision for all life systems to continue and increase.
PEOPLE CARE: Provision for people to access those resources necessary to their existence.
FAIR SHARES:Setting limits to population and consumption: by governing our own needs, we can set resources aside to
further the above principles.
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Zoning:
ZONE 0 House/village/centre of human activity
ZONE 1 (home garden) 6m periphery. Frequent use/ high maintenance/ constant observation.
ZONE 2 (home orchard) Less intensive -animals/perennials/orchard/ structures.
ZONE 3 (farm-scale) Broad-scale farming –crops/ water-storage/ managed woodland.
ZONE 4 (managed woodland) Wild forage/ fuel - pasture/ range/ water-storage.
ZONE 5 (wilderness) Natural/ unmanaged –where you learn the rules to apply elsewhere.
The relationship between accessibility and intensity of use of space (input-output).
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Sectors:
Sector Analysis:Systematic assessment of abioticand biotic influences on the space, e.g.:
Prevailing wind Winter sun Intrusive view Flooding Wildlife corridor
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“Each element performs many functions”
&“Relative location”
Components placed relative to one another:Stadsborderij Culemborg, NL
Permaculture Principles:
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“Each important function is supported
by many elements”Water: Greening the Desert - Dead Sea Valley, JordanGeoff Lawton: “All the world's problems can be solved in a garden”
Permaculture Principles:
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BEFORE AFTER
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“Efficient energy planning”
In planning (Zones, sectors etc.) and technology:
Ecobuilds and Earthships
Permaculture Principles:
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“Let living systems do the work”
Work with nature not against it (everything gardens!):Polyface Farm, Virginia, USA
Permaculture Principles:
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“Cycling energy, nutrients, and resources”
S.W.O.M.P. 4, Amsterdam, NL
Permaculture Principles:
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“Accelerate Succession”
..to achieve an ecosystem’s most productive stage: Forest gardens and the AgroforestryResearch Trust (ART), Devon, UK
Permaculture Principles:
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Robert Hart – Forest gardening
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“Diversity”
System stability: Emilia Haselip’s ‘Synergistic gardening’
Permaculture Principles:
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Emilia Haselip ‘synergistic’gardening
“Maximise edge effects”
The edge between two ecosystems are highly productive places, microclimates and high diversity:Sepp Holtzer, Der Kramaterhof, Austria
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Sepp Holzer
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“The problemis the solution”
Attitude! – everything works both ways:Willy Smits, Samboja Lestari, Borneo.
Permaculture Principles:
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“Permaculture is information and
imagination intensive”Observation, science, heritage, creativity:Incredible Edible Todmorden, UK
Permaculture Principles:
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IET – The School...
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Social effects:Leaf Street garden, Manchester, UK
Principle: ‘start small’....
Permaculture Principles:
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Before:
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After:
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Philosophy:
working with, rather than against, nature; protracted and thoughtful observation
rather than protracted and thoughtless action; looking at systems in all their functions,
rather than asking only one yield of them; and allowing systems to demonstrate their
own evolutions.
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Nederlands Bronen: www.permacultuurnederland.org
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