An Introduction to Permaculture SHORT · Permaculture Principles: 02-10-2010 Fiona Morris – Introduction to Permaculture Transition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 14 “Let

1

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 1

02 October 2010

Fiona MorrisMasters student of Landscape Architecture

Wagenignen UniversityContact: [email protected]

An Introduction to Permaculture

Illustration by Cecilia Macaulay

Transition Towns / Transitiestad Vallei

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 2

What is Permaculture?

Permaculture (permanent agriculture) is the conscious design and maintenance of agriculturally productive ecosystems which have the diversity, stability, and resilience of natural ecosystems.

It is the harmonious integration of landscape and people providing their food, energy, shelter, and other material and non-material needs in a sustainable way.

Bill Mollison – developer of permaculture

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 3

Anything from ‘Permablitzing’...(Melbourne, Australia)

...to painting...(City Repair, USA)

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 4

2

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 5

Ethics Zoning Sectors Principles

(Mollison, 1978)

Ecological design system:

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 6

Ethics:

EARTH CARE: Provision for all life systems to continue and increase.

PEOPLE CARE: Provision for people to access those resources necessary to their existence.

FAIR SHARES:Setting limits to population and consumption: by governing our own needs, we can set resources aside to

further the above principles.

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 7

Zoning:

ZONE 0 House/village/centre of human activity

ZONE 1 (home garden) 6m periphery. Frequent use/ high maintenance/ constant observation.

ZONE 2 (home orchard) Less intensive -animals/perennials/orchard/ structures.

ZONE 3 (farm-scale) Broad-scale farming –crops/ water-storage/ managed woodland.

ZONE 4 (managed woodland) Wild forage/ fuel - pasture/ range/ water-storage.

ZONE 5 (wilderness) Natural/ unmanaged –where you learn the rules to apply elsewhere.

The relationship between accessibility and intensity of use of space (input-output).

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 8

Sectors:

Sector Analysis:Systematic assessment of abioticand biotic influences on the space, e.g.:

Prevailing wind Winter sun Intrusive view Flooding Wildlife corridor

3

“Each element performs many functions”

&“Relative location”

Components placed relative to one another:Stadsborderij Culemborg, NL

Permaculture Principles:

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 10

“Each important function is supported

by many elements”Water: Greening the Desert - Dead Sea Valley, JordanGeoff Lawton: “All the world's problems can be solved in a garden”

Permaculture Principles:

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 12

BEFORE AFTER

4

“Efficient energy planning”

In planning (Zones, sectors etc.) and technology:

Ecobuilds and Earthships

Permaculture Principles:

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 14

“Let living systems do the work”

Work with nature not against it (everything gardens!):Polyface Farm, Virginia, USA

Permaculture Principles:

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 16

5

“Cycling energy, nutrients, and resources”

S.W.O.M.P. 4, Amsterdam, NL

Permaculture Principles:

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 18

“Accelerate Succession”

..to achieve an ecosystem’s most productive stage: Forest gardens and the AgroforestryResearch Trust (ART), Devon, UK

Permaculture Principles:

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 20

Robert Hart – Forest gardening

6

“Diversity”

System stability: Emilia Haselip’s ‘Synergistic gardening’

Permaculture Principles:

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 22

Emilia Haselip ‘synergistic’gardening

“Maximise edge effects”

The edge between two ecosystems are highly productive places, microclimates and high diversity:Sepp Holtzer, Der Kramaterhof, Austria

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 24

Sepp Holzer

7

“The problemis the solution”

Attitude! – everything works both ways:Willy Smits, Samboja Lestari, Borneo.

Permaculture Principles:

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 26

“Permaculture is information and

imagination intensive”Observation, science, heritage, creativity:Incredible Edible Todmorden, UK

Permaculture Principles:

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 28

IET – The School...

8

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 29 02-10-2010

Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 30

Social effects:Leaf Street garden, Manchester, UK

Principle: ‘start small’....

Permaculture Principles:

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 32

Before:

9

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 33

After:

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 34

Philosophy:

working with, rather than against, nature; protracted and thoughtful observation

rather than protracted and thoughtless action; looking at systems in all their functions,

rather than asking only one yield of them; and allowing systems to demonstrate their

own evolutions.

02-10-2010Fiona Morris – Introduction to PermacultureTransition Towns Valllei & Stichting Boerengroep 35

Nederlands Bronen: www.permacultuurnederland.org