©2005 David Williamson Shaffer Copyright: Shaffer · ©2005 David Williamson Shaffer. Statics- CoM Design process Design alternatives Iteration Client need Self as engineer Reliable
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©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
representations
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
practices
representations
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
representations
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
representations
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
community of practice
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
practices
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
practices
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
practices
values
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
practices
values
islands of expertise
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
practices
values representations
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
practices
values ways of knowing
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
ways of doing
values ways of knowing
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
values
representations
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
practices
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
practices
values representations
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
practices
values representations
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
identity skills
values
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
identity skills
values knowledge
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
identity skills
epistemology
knowledgevalues
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
identity skills
epistemology
knowledgevalues
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
identity skills
epistemology
knowledgevalues
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
identityskills
epistemology
knowledgevalues
identityskills
epistemology
knowledgevalues
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
identityskills
epistemology
knowledgevalues
identityskills
epistemology
knowledgevalues
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
identity skills
epistemology
knowledgevalues
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Statics- CoM
Design process
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Statics- CoM
Design process
Client need
Reliable design
Efficient design
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Statics- CoM
Design process
Client need Self as engineer
Reliable design Professional Identity
Efficient design
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Statics- CoM
Design process
Design alternatives Iteration
Client need Self as engineer
Reliable design Professional Identity
Efficient design
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Judgment Statics- CoM
Design process
Design alternatives Iteration
Client need Self as engineer
Reliable design Professional Identity
Efficient design
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Self as engineer
Judgment
Design alternatives
Client need
Iteration
Statics- CoM
Design process
Engineers design what the architect will build… to make what
the client wants.
Reliable design Professional Identity
Efficient design
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Professional Identity
Self as engineer
Judgment
Design alternatives
Client need
Reliable design
Iteration
Statics- CoM
Design process
They’d have to know how to test their designs… to make the
structure so it would balance really well and work.
Efficient design
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Professional Identity
Self as engineer
Judgment
Design alternatives
Client need
Efficient design
Iteration
Statics- CoM
Design process
They care about giving the client somewhat… of what they wanted…. [I]f they know somebody’s willing to spend a lot of money on designs, they know their design has to be
really good.
Reliable design
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Professional Identity
Design alternatives
Efficient design
Iteration
Statics- CoM
Design process
Reliable design
With like this kind of testing designs… that we did in Digital Zoo, you felt like you were really official.
Judgment
Client need Self as engineer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Professional Identity
Design alternatives
Efficient design
Iteration
Statics- CoM
Design process
Reliable design
Judgment
Client need Self as engineer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
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©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
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D C
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©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
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A B
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A B
FC
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
A BD
FC
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
A BD
FC
E
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
A BD
FC
E
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
A BD
FC
E
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
A BD
FC
E
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Professional Identity
Design alternatives
Efficient design
Iteration
Statics- CoM
Design process
Reliable design
Judgment
Client need Self as engineer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
2
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
Pre Post
Mea
n W
eigh
ted
Dens
ityFr
ame
Com
plex
ity(W
eigh
ted
Den
sity
)
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
Pre Post
Mea
n W
eigh
ted
Dens
ity
With mentor help
Without mentor help
Players who get help from mentors develop more complex epistemic frames (p<.05)
Fram
e C
ompl
exity
(Wei
ghte
d D
ensi
ty)
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Mentor Enacted Frame Player Enacted Frame
EpistemologyValuesIdentityKnowledgeSkills
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Mentor Frame Player Frame
EpistemologyValuesIdentityKnowledgeSkills
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Mentor Frame Player Frame
EpistemologyValuesIdentityKnowledgeSkills
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Mentor Frame Player Frame
EpistemologyValuesIdentityKnowledgeSkills
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
2W=SQRT(sum links) 2( )
max
2
C
LC neighbors
nrnode
∑=
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 4 7 101316192225283134374043464952555861646770737679828588
Interactio
Skills & Knowledge
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
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Interactio
Skills & Knowledge
Mentor Values
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
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20
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60
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1 4 7 101316192225283134374043464952555861646770737679828588
Interactio
Skills & Knowledge
Mentor Values
Player Values
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 4 7 101316192225283134374043464952555861646770737679828588
Interactio
Skills & Knowledge
Mentor Values
Mentor Epistemology
Player Values
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 4 7 101316192225283134374043464952555861646770737679828588
Interactio
Skills & Knowledge
Mentor Values
Mentor Epistemology
Player Epistemology
Player Values
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 4 7 101316192225283134374043464952555861646770737679828588
Interactio
Skills & Knowledge
Mentor Values
Mentor Identity
Mentor Epistemology
Player Epistemology
Player Identity
Player Values
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 4 7 101316192225283134374043464952555861646770737679828588
Interactio
Skills & Knowledge
Mentor Values
Mentor Identity
Mentor Epistemology
Player Epistemology
Player Identity
Player Values
Mentor Epistemology
Player Epistemology
Skills & Knowledge
Mentor Values
Player Values
Mentor Identity
Player Identity
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
-5 0 5 10 15 20 25Change for Mentors
Cha
nge
for P
laye
rs
Change in relative centrality of values for mentors in an interaction predicts change in relative centrality of values for players (p<.001)
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
0
25
50
75
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Mentors
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
0
25
50
75
100skills
knowledge
identityvalues
epistemology
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
write to formula
smart reporting
pattern recognition
invisible author
professional pest
watchdog
neutralvoice
individual face
public accountability
journalistic style
reporting tools
journalisticethics
skills
identity
values
knowledge
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
-100
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-60
-40
-20
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1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89
C-PWFC-IIV
C-VNVC-KJSS-PSR
S-IPPS-VIF
S-KRTW-PPR
W-IWW-VPA
W-KJE
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
identity skills
epistemology
knowledgevalues
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
epistemic network analysis
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
assessment of game-based learning
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Automated extraction of frame information
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Model of complex thinking
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
identityskills
epistemology
knowledgevalues
identityskills
epistemology
knowledgevalues
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
values
identity skills
epistemology
knowledgevalues
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
Judgment Statics- CoM
Design process
Design alternatives Iteration
Client need Self as engineer
Reliable design Professional Identity
Efficient design
©2005 David Williamson Shaffer
practices
values representations
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