050-r01 Fit to Work - General Practioners Faciliating Injured Workers Return to Work
Post on 02-Nov-2015
69 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
Transcript
FITFacWo
DaniKosn
7 Aug
Resea
T to cilitatork
ielle Many, Ras
gust 2013
arch Rep
Acco
Title
N/A
Woting I
azza, Asa Ruse
3
ort #: 050-0913-R01
ompanying
rk: Gnjure
Alex Coeckaite
document
1
Geneed W
ollie, Bi, Nabita
ts to this re
eral Worke
anca Ba Singh
eport
Pracrs R
Brijnathh
ctitioneturn
, Agnie
Report nu
ners n to
eszka
umber
N/A
mannmTypewritten Text
ProjecPracti
AcknoUnive
SubmWorkS
ct Numbetioners F
owledgemrsity):
Sir MansPsychosMs. Natafrom theVictoria aMs. Amyassistanc
mitted to: ISafe Victo
er and NFacilitating
ments (in
sel Aylwaocial and
alie Bekise Health and the Ty Allen, Mce with d
Institute foria and
Name:GI-g Injured
ncluding
ard andd Disabilits, Ms Lou
DisabilitTAC. Ms Khic-H
ata analy
for Safetythe Trans
2
-M-12-05Workers
Collabo
Dr Deboty Researuise Goldty Servic
Huoy Pranysis
y Compesport Acc
50-LPG5. s Return t
orators f
orah Cohrch, Cardman andces Grou
ng and M
nsation acident Co
FIT to Wto Work
full Depa
en from diff Unived Ms. Tamup (HDS
Ms Maatje
and Recoommissio
Work: G
artment/S
the Cenrsity, Wa
mara FitzSG), Wo
e Scheep
overy Resn.
eneral
School
tre for les.
zgerald rkSafe
ers for
search,
Conte
Execut
Backgr
Wor
Com
The
Barr
The Re
Method
Quanti
1. S
2. T
3. C
4. Pcertif
Qualita
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Discus
Conclu
Next st
Refere
Append
Co
St
St
Append
Qua
Sa
ents
tive Summ
round .......
rk is good f
mpensation
importanc
riers to RTW
esearch Qu
ds ............
tative Res
ummary of
rends in G
Certification
Patterns of fication ....
ative Resul
Certificat
Mental h
Key barr
Key Ena
Improvin
ssion and im
usions .......
teps .........
ences ........
dix 1: Qua
ompensatio
udy Partic
atistical An
dix 2: Qua
alitative ana
ample char
mary ..........
................
for health .
n schemes
ce of GPs i
W ............
uestions ...
................
ults ..........
f GP medic
GP medical
n practices
f healthcar................
lts ............
tion practic
ealth cond
riers to GP
blers for G
g the certif
mplications
................
................
................
ntitative m
on databas
ipants ......
nalysis .....
litative me
alysis .......
racteristics
................
................
................
recognise
n RTW ....
................
................
................
................
cal certifica
certificatio
and GP in
re service ................
................
ces of the G
dition claim
s facilitatin
GPs to facil
ficate of ca
s for curren
................
................
................
methods ....
se ............
................
................
thods .......
................
s ...............
3
................
................
................
e that work
................
................
................
................
................
ation pract
on behavio
njured work
utilization ................
................
GP in RTW
ms .............
ng RTW ....
itate RTW
apacity .....
nt policy an
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
k is the bes
................
................
................
................
................
tices .........
our over tim
ker caseloa
by injured................
................
W ..............
................
................
...............
................
nd practice
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
st medicin
................
................
................
................
................
................
me ............
ad ............
d workers ................
................
................
................
................
................
................
e ..............
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
ne ............
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
following m................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
................
......... 5
......... 7
......... 7
......... 7
......... 7
......... 8
......... 9
....... 10
....... 11
....... 11
....... 13
....... 15
medical ....... 17
....... 19
....... 19
....... 20
....... 22
....... 23
....... 25
....... 27
....... 30
....... 30
....... 32
....... 33
....... 33
....... 33
....... 34
....... 35
....... 35
....... 35
Re
Pr
Da
Inter
NViv
Append
PapPrac
PapPrac
PapResu
Append
Papfrom
PapInsig
Papinjure
Pap
ecruitment
rocedure ..
ata Analys
rview Guid
vo coding t
dix 3: Qua
er 1: Sic kctitioners in
er 2: Tr ectitioners in
er 3: Injureults of a co
dix 4: Qua
er 1: Certi Victoria ..
er 2: Me nghts from M
er 3: Qu aed workers
er 4: Empl
................
................
is .............
des ...........
tree ..........
ntitative pa
kness certin Victoria ..
ends of n Victoria, A
ed worker ompensatio
litative pap
ification pr................
ntal HealthMelbourne,
alitative Inss in Victori
loyer Relat
................
................
................
................
................
apers .......
ification of................
sickness Australia ..
GP caseloon databas
pers .........
ractices of ................
h Claims M Australia
sights on a, Australia
tions with I
4
................
................
................
................
................
................
f workers ................
certificatio................
oad: Is it ase analysis
................
the GP in................
Manageme................
Enablers a. .............
Injured Wo
................
................
................
................
................
................
compensa................
on of inj u................
n importans ...............
................
n Return to................
ent and R................
and Barri................
orkers and
................
................
................
................
................
................
ation claim................
ured work................
nt issue in ................
................
o Work: Q................
Return to W................
ers of R e................
GPs ........
................
................
................
................
................
................
mants by G................
kers by G................
facilitating................
................
ualitative I................
Work: Qua................
eturn to W................
................
....... 35
....... 36
....... 36
....... 38
....... 41
....... 44
General ....... 44
General ....... 45
g RTW? ....... 46
....... 48
Insights ....... 48
alitative ....... 49
Work for ....... 50
....... 51
ExecAim: TfacilitatBringinthe firs
Methointervieagentsof GP sexaminworker
FindinGPs, fofor worall injucertificaaccordoutcommonthscertificapredict
The rea lack oworkerage ancommuadminifor timpayme(MHC)unfit fo
Implicaas criticeducatworks, and manot oninjured
Next sBuildin
cutive The purposting returnng togetherst of its type
ds: The reews with 9s and injuresickness cne the cu rrs.
gs: From or longer drk. A smalured workates durining to G P
mes accords post- meate issuedtors of hea
asons for tof a commrs feedbacnd social unication strative bu
me and ef fents, difficu, in partic u
or work and
ations: Encal by all ption and t rthe health
anagemenly focus o workers in
steps: Ourg on the c
Summse of this
n to work r a multidise and size
esearch co93 participed workerscertificationrrent certifi
2003 to 2durations ol proportio
ker certificng the st uP caseloading to Gedical certid and w olthcare ser
the high ramon definitio
k on capacircumsta
between urden on Gfort, complty in referular, were d for the lon
ncouragingparties. Sturaining, sph benefits nt. It was an GPs butnvolved in
r study findcapacity w
ary report is t(RTW) assciplinary ain Australi
omprised tpants inclus across mn data fromication pra
2010 an inof time. Moon of GPs ates (24.8udy periodd were oP caseloaification us
orker condrvice utilisa
ates of unfon of the Gcity to wor
ances of GPs, emp
GPs from tpensation rrals and co
identified ngest dura
gly the roleudy particippecifically, of RTW, p
also found t need tothe RTW p
dings opene have de
5
to provide well as band mixedia.
wo distincuding GPs
metropolitanm the Victoactices of
creasing nst of these(3.8%) we8%). Mostd. Althoug
observed, ad. The t ysed differedition. Ageation.
fit certificaGPs role inrk and avathe injureployers ahe compenand healtonflicting mas compl
ation of tim
e of the Gpants put finformatio
pain managthat initiattarget mulprocess.
n up a nu meveloped a
an undersbarriers end methods
t compones, employen Melbourn
orian workeGPs in the
number of e certificateere responst GPs (70gh some there wer
ype of he aed accordine and ge n
ates issuedn RTW, heailability of ed worker nd compensation syh system
medical opex and me.
P in facilitforth a num
on on ho wgement antives to imltiple partie
mber of prcross the
standing oncounteredresearch t
ents: (1) quers, compene (2) quaers compeneir interac
certificatees certifiedsible for ne0%) wrotegroup diff
re no dif fealthcare seng to type nder were
d are numeeavy relianc
alternativeand their
ensation astem and barriers s
inions. Meost likely t
ating RTWmber of are
w the com pnd MHC clprove ratees, such a
romising recompensa
of the GPsd in this pteam this s
ualitative inensation s
antitative annsation sytions with
s were iss capacity aearly a que fewer t hfferences erences inervices in of initial m
e also si g
erous and ce only one/modified r family, agents, thlow remunsuch as dntal healthto be cert
W was recoeas for furtpensation aims asse
es of RTW as employe
esearch avation-prima
role in process. study is
n-depth scheme nalyses stem to injured
sued by as unfit arter of han 13 in cost n RTW the 12
medical gnificant
include injured duties,
lack of he high neration delayed h claims ified as
ognised ther GP system
essment should
ers and
venues. ary care
researcand invstudiesbetwee
ch nexus fvestigate is should aen GPs rec
future studinterventioalso be u ncommenda
dies shouldns using c
ndertaken ations and
6
d develop acontrol triain order tpatient out
a consensal methodoto better utcomes.
us on the ologies. Lounderstand
GPs role iongitudinald the rela t
in RTW cohort tionship
BackWork There health individu6]. ConUnempburdendisorde
Work ahealth of Heahealth work ceconom
CompRecognCollegeEnvironMarch hundrethat woreducininternafound mon the
WorkSendorsawarenabout commePractiti
The imIn Auscome fpersonare nohave in
kgrounis good is strong effects [1,uals identinversely, wployment cn from c aers [2, 7]. W
and workin[7]. The W
alth concluinequities
conditions mic and so
pensationising thee of P hnmental M2011 on th
ed healthcaork is genng povertyational evidmuch needimportanc
afe Victorsed the AFness campthe benef
enced a prioners (GP
mportanctralia, worfrom the g
ns injured it admitted
nteraction w
nd for healscientific
, 2]. Workiities, sociaworklessnecan lead tardiovascuWorklessne
ng conditionWorld Healt
ded that wassociatewas cent
ocial functio
n scheme importanysicians
Medicine (he health bare and reerally goo
y and sociadence fromdless disa
ce of return
ria and th eOEM conspaign wasfits of ret urogram to
Ps).
ce of GPrkplace injugeneral prn motor ve
d to h ospitwith their G
th evidence ng provide
al roles andess or beito higher
ular diseaess can als
ns are conth Organizwork undeed with ge ntral to co uon and red
mes recognt link bet w
(RACP) (AFOEM) benefits of
elated agenod for healal exclusio
m the Unitebility as a
n to work (R
e Transposensus stas launchedurning to wraise awar
Ps in RTWury data sractice setehicle accidal) and m
GP in the y
7
that gooes importad social woing out of wrisk of p rse, respirso reduce
nsidered onzations Cor fair and nder, ethnuntries producing glob
gnise thaween worAustralasi[11] relea
f work. Thisncies in Auth and w en [11]. Thi
ed States (result of w
RTW) follow
ort Accidentement an
d, as TV, work. In Sreness abo
W show that tting [20]. dents initiaore than h
year post in
od work cant psychosorth, and inwork can bremature dratory disfamily func
ne of the mommission
decent coicity, and oductivity,
bal poverty
at work rk and h ean Facul
ased a c os statemenustralia anellbeing anis consens(US) and Uworklessnewing partia
nt Commisd RTW strpress, rad
September out the RT
almost 96Similarly a
ally seek chalf of thonjury [21].
conditions social benncreases sbe harmfudeath andease, andction and c
major sociaon the So
onditions crace and national
y [8].
is the beealth, the lty of O
onsensus snt, now supnd New Zend is an e fsus statemUnited Kingess and a al recovery
ssion (TArategy. In Jdio and o2011 Wo
TW benefit
% of injurapproximaare from thse hospita
create benefits, is pivsocial inclul for health greater dd mental cohesion.
al determincial Determ
could help that ensurand intern
est medicRoyal Auccupationastatement pported by
ealand, conffective me
ment is in ligdom (UKlack of em
y from injur
C) have sJuly 2011 anline adve
orkSafe ans among G
ed workerately two-thheir GP (i.alised cont
eneficial votal to sion [2-h [1, 2]. disease
health
nants of minants reduce
ring fair national
cine stralian al and
on 30 y over a ncluded eans of ne with
K) which mphasis ry.
strongly a public ertising, nd TAC General
r claims hirds of e., they tinue to
GPs fu($2.5B TAC s(approxfor Wounfit. approx
UK pilomore c[1]. Thnotes peopleworkplafewer pand mobetweeabsenc[3].
Such fexampgave ththree tiguidanlikely to
BarrieHowevRTW. suggesand hetheir cotheir roGP attpatientlimited 11]. Grepreserepeate
Such Gpatientrehabilapprop
unction asper annum
spend apximately 3
orkSafe of For the
ximately 77
ot data shoconfident ahe UK Go vrather than
e cannot dace [2]. A spatients wore writtenen employece, which h
findings haple, work bheir patienimes as likce on howo return to
ers to RTver researcStudies cost that GPsealth and Ronsultationole or in thitudes abot advocacy
knowledgGPs may ent an aded commu
GP attitudts who ty pitation or
priate acce
s gatekeem) and parpproximate50,000 serwhich appTAC, GP
7% of them
ows that Gnd are movernment n sick notedo to wha tstudy lookith back pa
n fitness foees, emplohas wider
ave been by CI Kos nnt a date afkely to retuw to preven
work.
TW ch shows onducted bs often struRTW [5,6,8ns and do he developout managy, pressur
ge about oalso resisded adminnication w
des and ppically bec
RTW beiness to hea
pers to wramedical
ely $19M rvices). GPproximatelPs write
m certifying
GPs who aore likely to
now encoes. The int they ca ning at the uain and/or r work advoyers, andbenefits to
substantiany[7] in C after which
urn to worknt recurren
that GPs by Kosnyuggle with 8].Many Gnot consid
pment of a ement of Rre on conoccupationast taking nistrative
with insuran
practices, iome lost ng discussalth servic
8
workers enservices ($and $6.
Ps write 28y 51% ar e28,000 mTAC clien
are educateo address tourages Gtent is to s
n do, the ruse of fit ndepressio
vice being d GPs aboo injured w
ated in ot hanada detethey could
k soon aftence and re
encountein Canadatheir role i
GPs do notder RTW amanagem
RTW inclusultation tal health aon workeburden (e
nce stakeh
in turn, a fin the h e
sed with tces, strong
ntitlements$0.5B per .1M per 83,000 mee certifying
medical cents as totall
ed about wthese issuePs to iss u
shift the focreby facilitaotes show
on being adprovided. ut earlier R
workers, em
her internaermined thd return to r injury an
e-injury the
r a numb ea and Aylwin managint address land the wo
ment plan [ude weak dtime, fearsand/or theiers compe.g. filling olders) [6]
ffect care ealth systethem [5]. g patient-p
s such as annum). Wannum o
dical certifg injured wertificates ly unfit.
work and hes during tue injured cus of the ating their
wed that its dvised to rThis can e
RTW and mployers, a
tional setthat if a h ework, theyd that if a
ey were mo
er of b arriward and ng consultalong term ork-health [8]. Factordoctor-patis for persr patientsensation ccomplex p.
for long-tem without
In contrasprovider re
income bWorkSafe aon GP sficates per workers asper annu
health issuheir consuworkers
advice fror retentionuse could
refrain fromenable discreduced sand the ec
ings [1, 4-ealthcare py were mopatient waore than tw
iers to fa cCohen in ations abounemploymnexus as
s which inient relatiosonal safes workplaceclaimants paperwork
term unemt the pote nst, adequaelationship
benefits and the
services annum
s totally m with
ues feel ultations with fit m what in the lead to
m work, cussion ickness conomy
-6]. For provider ore than as given wice as
cilitating the UK ut work ment in part of
fluence onships, ty, and e [5, 9-if they and/or
mployed ntial for ate and ps, and
providedepres
TreatmexperieInapproundersmakingproblem
Until nprovidefacilitatthat theaimed workerworker
The 1. How
role2. Wh
RTW3. Wh
cha4. Wh
servspe
Our stuOnly reprovidiundertaand themany assess
Our loninjuredthis, wethat aframewnecess
er empathyssion and a
ment outcoences negopriate hea
standing ofg authorityms for inju
ow in Ausers in faciliting RTW. ey have ato explore
rs, employers to return
Reseaw do GPs,e of the GPat are th eW? at are curr
anged overat are thvices, refe
eciality serv
udy is signecently hang educaaken. Mose TAC in of these m
s any chan
ng-term go workers ce need to re eviden
works arousary to beg
y towards anxiety in p
omes are otiating thealth care af compensy, can crered worker
stralia, theitating RTWYet the st
an importane the cur rers, and co
n to work.
arch Qu injured w
P in facilitate reported
rent GP cer time? e current erral pathwvices in RT
nificant becave initiativtion and
st of thes ethe state omajor changes in prac
oal is to ccannot do implementce-based
und RTW gin this pro
patients cpatients [6,
also affece health s
access, conation systeeate frustrrs all of wh
ere were f eW and no trategic rolnt part to rent knowlompensati
uestionworkers, em
ting injuredbarriers a
ertification
patterns ways, andTW?
cause of thves, such training to
e programmof Victorianges and ctices/beha
hange the to a post cultural aand sensin Austral
ocess.
9
can improv, 12].
cted by bystem andnflicting or em requireration, finahich affect t
ew availabstudies exe of GPs iplay in theledge, attiton scheme
ns mployers, ad workers tnd enable
practices
of healthd the rel a
he time peas redesi
o GPs thmes have . Data colthus prov
aviour in fu
e paradigmsitive whand contextsitive to tia. This s t
ve treatme
oth healthd the comp
imperfect ements andancial diffithe likeliho
ble studiesxplicitly focin the come RTW protudes andes in enab
and competo return to
ers to GPs
with regar
service ationship b
riod in whigning the rough Mebeen initi
lection for vides a s outure.
m in Austr aat injured wtually relevthe systemtudy prese
ent outcom
hcare provpensation medical k
d confusioiculties anood of a tim
s on the rcusing on t
mpensation ocess. The
d practicesling GPs to
ensation peo work? s facilitating
rds to RTW
utilization between p
ich our datcertificate
dicare Loiated by Wthis study
olid founda
alia from aworkers cavant intervemic, policyents the b
mes and a
vider and system [6
knowledge,n about de
nd mental mely RTW[
role of he athe role of system su
erefore this of GP s, o facilitate
ersonnel v
g injured w
W and have
in primarprimary ca
ta were coe of capa cocals, haveWorkSafe Vy occurredation on w
a negative an do. To aention camy and le g
baseline ev
alleviate
patient ,13,14]. limited ecision-
health [6].
althcare GPs in
uggests s study injured injured
view the
workers
e these
ry care are and
ollected. city and e been Victoria before
which to
what achieve
mpaigns gislative vidence
MethOur stapproaapprov
Detailsdetail in
Briefly,participto exaworker
Quanticontainexamin124,34
hods tudy used ach ensureval was obt
s about then Appendix
, the quali tpants: GPsmine currers to RTW.
tative modning workene GP a n42 injured w
qualitativeed methodtained from
e quantitatx 1 and 2 r
tative mets, injured went knowle
delling of ters compend injured workers an
e and qu adological rm Monash
ive and qurespective
hods incluworkers, eedge, attitu
the WorkSensation aworker in
nd N= 9,74
10
antitative trigour and University
ualitative mly.
uded 93 inmployers audes and
Safe Compadministratnteractions48 GPs).
techniquestriangulat
Human Re
methods us
-depth inteand compepractices
pensation tive claimss and G P
s. Using ates our d aesearch Et
sed are pr
erviews wiensation sof GPs i n
Research s data w a
P certificat
a mixed mata[15,16].thics Comm
rovided in
ith four g rocheme pe
n enabling
Databaseas undertaion patter
methods Ethics mittee.
greater
oups of rsonnel injured
(CRD) aken to ns (N=
QuaFour d
1. Sum2. Tre3. Cer4. Pat
cert
1. Sum
Aim: Till workfrom th
Methoof certiby the as it r epersoncharacwere eand disto com
Principcertificaissued and othfor wo(3.2%)
The higwith Mwith o(39.9%detaile
Concluworkersize of the typconditiocertifica
ntitativiscrete qua
mmary of Gnds in GP rtification ptterns of htification.
mmary o
This analyskers by GPhe state wo
ds: Rates ificate. Thenumber ofepresents
n years, witcterise the employed sease catepare the c
pal findingates to 1 2for MSD
her traumark, with 2were fit fo
ghest propHCs, followther disea
%) followedd analysis
usion: Thirs in Austraf the state pe and du ron. Injuredate recomm
ve Resantitative a
GP medicamedical c
practices ofhealthcare
of GP me
sis sought tPs in the storkers com
of certificae rates wef workers ithe mid-pth 95% codata. Anato examin
egories. Krcertificate d
gs: Over t24,424 worinjuries an
atic injuries22.7%issueor work ce
portion (94wed by woses recor by workeris present
is is the fialia, and tof Victoriaration of md workers mending a
ults analyses w
al certificatiertificationf GP by theservice u
edical ce
to examinetate of Victmpensation
ation were re calculatn the state
point of th eonfidence inlysis of vae differencruskal-Walduration am
he study prkers. Thend diseases (15.6%).ed for al tertificates (
4%) of unorkers withrded the h irs with MSted in Appe
rst study the first to . The findi
medical cewith menta
alternate or
11
were compl
ion practic behavioureir injured
utilization b
rtificatio
e patterns toria, Austrn system.
calculatedted as the e in 2006/7e study p entervals (C
ariances ances betwelis and Ma
mongst the
period a tote largest pes, followe The majoternate or (Figure 1).
nfit for wo rh fractures ighest pro
SD conditioendix 3, Pa
to assess assess cengs of thisrtificates isal health cr modified
eted:
es. r over timeworker ca
by injured
on practic
of sicknesralia over a
d for each number of
7 financial yeriod. RateCIs). Descrnd Chi-squeen medicaann- Whitn groups.
tal of 9,750proportion d by back
ority of certmodified
rk certificaand other portion of
ons and baaper 1.
medical ceertification s study shossued by conditions duties, wh
e. seload. workers f
ces
ss certificatan 8 year p
condition af certificateyear. This es are pr eriptive anauare tests fal certifica
ney U tests
0 GPs issuof certifica
k pains andtificates (7duties an
ates was i straumatic alternate dck pains a
ertification by GPs inow a substGPs, depeare least lile those w
following m
tion of injurperiod, usin
and for eaes issued, year was
esented pelysis was for indepe
ates acrosss were con
ued initial mates (40.2%d strains (
71.4%) wernd the re m
ssued to winjuries. W
duties certand strain.
of injuredn a populattantial variending on ikely to re
with more p
medical
red and ng data
ch type divided chosen
er 1000 used to ndence s injury nducted
medical %) was (16.4%) re unfit maining
workers Workers tificates A more
d and ill tion the ation in worker ceive a
physical
conditioduties
Figureinjury/il
ons such acertificate.
e 1 Proportllness cate
as musculo
tion of unfegory
oskeletal d
fit for work
12
disorders a
, alternate
are more li
duties an
kely to rec
d fit for wo
ceive an a
ork certific
lternate
ates by
2. Tre
Aim: Teight y
Methocalculanumbeincidenwithin s
Principrates pnumbeGPs ineach y1.19-1.proport(95 CI%length male a(IRR: 0p
Figure
Solid cthe verinterva
e 2 IRRs of
circle reprertical axis)
als exclude
f number a
esents a refor each y
1.
and duratio
eference yeyear. IRR
14
on of certific
ear = 2003is statistic
cates in m
3. Open cically signifi
en and wo
ircles - theicant if the
omen
e IRRs (she 95% con
own on fidence
3. Cer
Aim: TaccordinjuredGPs acwork ocase lo
Methogendercertificabased accord
Table1Group 1 2 3 4 Total
Group adjustmnature were aof certTo inve2010) dfour GPCost of
Principcase loall injuduring fewer t
Table 2indicateN = 12= 12433.189, pairwis
rtificatio
The aim ofing to the workers).ccording to
outcomes ioad.
ds: Descrr, age grouate type, aon four Ging to the
1 CharacteWorker1 -13 (214-26 (527-48 (749+ (10
differencements were
of afflictioanalysed uificates weestigate thdollars, anP case loaf medical t
pal findingoad. A smared workethe study
than 13 ce
2 illustratesed that diff
24342) = 4342) = 8.1p = 0.363
se compari
n practic
f the studyGPs level. The studo the numn injured w
riptive anaups, majorand media
GP case lonumber (p
eristics of G
rs per GP 25pct) 50pct) 75pct) 00pct)
es were e applied on, employsing ANOV
ere analyshe total R Tnd durationad groups treatment w
gs: Table all proportier certificat
period. Artificates d
s RTW outferences b14.81, p
top related