© NOKIA Overview of wireless IP devices (Network implications…) IAB wireless workshop Mountain View Feb 29, 2000 Heikki Hämmäinen.
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© NOKIA
Overview of wireless IP devicesOverview of wireless IP devices(Network implications…)(Network implications…)
IAB wireless workshop
Mountain View
Feb 29, 2000
Heikki Hämmäinen
© NOKIA
Focus of presentationFocus of presentation
• Interactive user terminal (vs. burglar alarm or webcam)• Personal terminal (vs. car, office, home)• "Real reality" (vs. virtual reality)• 100 kbits everywhere (vs. 100Mbits somewhere)• Several visual input types (one-handed, pen, keyboard)• Multiservice terminals (PS+CS, purse, GPS, FM radio, …)• Extensions to cellular (WLAN, BlueTooth, …)
© NOKIA
Technology trends of wireless handsetsTechnology trends of wireless handsets
• Color screen• Built-in battery• FM radio• MP3 audio• Video• PKI security• Location (GPS and cellular)• Voice recognition and control• Personal area networks for gadgets (BlueTooth)• OTA sync
Millions
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
Mobile Internet OutlookMobile Internet Outlook
More handsets than PCs connected to the Internet by the end of 2003 !More handsets than PCs connected to the Internet by the end of 2003 !
Projectedcellularsubscribers(Nokia 1999)
Projected PCsconnected tothe Internet(Dataquest 10/98)
Projected Webhandsets(Nokia 1999)
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Mobile internet will bring the total value of Mobile internet will bring the total value of the mediaphone use into a new levelthe mediaphone use into a new level
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
€ / month
'00 '02 '04 '06 '08
Consumer End-User Spending Scenario for Mobile Internet
Games, magazines,video, music
mCommerce andbanking
Location services
Informationbrowsing
© NOKIA
Cellular traffic evolution 2005Cellular traffic evolution 2005
Traffic distribution (include CS and PS data)
t
PSIP Telephony
CSPSTN
t
All Traffic
Data
Voice
Cellular voice traffic transferred over CS and PS.
Voice Traffic
3G
2G
Number of IPv6 terminals in different packet cellular networks.
t
# of IPv6 terminals per ntwk
IPv4 and IPv6 terminals in the packet cellular network.
v6
v4
# of IP terminals
t
100% 100%
100% 100%
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Why IPv6: Cost of patching IPv4 is the keyWhy IPv6: Cost of patching IPv4 is the key
• It is possible to implement new services using IPv4
• But, it is becoming more and more expensive to patch IPv4
• IPv6 can bend the cost curve
• Mobile players will face the cost challenge sooner because of
• more terminals, mobility, push, location
Cellular focus* 1000M handsets* always-on * mobility* peer-to-peer* push & location
Ope
rato
r co
st (
CA
PE
X+
OP
EX
)
# of subs100M 1000M
IPv4
IPv6
Current fixed IP focus* 100M PCs * dial-in / power on-off* wireline* client-server* retrieval services
© NOKIA
19991999 20002000
Mobile Internet will be always-on
2002200220012001
Se
ssio
ns
/ M
on
th /
GS
M s
ub
(lea
din
g m
ark
ets
)
Usage
Mobile WWW (WAP)Mobile WWW (WAP)
Fixed WWWFixed WWW
WAP
GPRS
IPv6
© NOKIA
Cohabitation of IP and telecom in handsetCohabitation of IP and telecom in handset
Isolated service sets
• sequential service for cellular (phone, fax, …) and IP (WAP, Web, email, ...)
• terminal: unified user interface, isolated stacks
• infra: radio capacity sharing, user-initiated IP connectivity, cellular push
Integrated service sets
• parallel service for cellular and IP (e.g. WAP and GSM voice)
• integrated service for cellular and IP (e.g. WTA and GSM voice)
• terminal: "pre all-IP" user interface
• infra: radio coordination, PS control plane for CS user plane
All-IP service set
• IP traffic evolution: bursty + streaming + real-time voice&video
• key requirements: fast session set-up, push, QoS (handover, delay, jitter)
© NOKIA
Handsets becoming trusted devices via PKI Handsets becoming trusted devices via PKI
Security integrated into terminal HW and/or SW
Security functionality installed on SIM card
SIM
Additional security chip,"Dual chip"
SC
SIM
Integrated reader for external smart cards, "dual slot"
External reader for external smart cards
SIMSIM
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Handsets becoming navigators Handsets becoming navigators
MSMS BSCBSCMSC/SGSNMSC/SGSN HLRHLR
Location request
Locationresponse GMLCGMLC
LCS application e.g.- CAMEL SCP
- WAP content server- fleet mgm.
LCS application e.g.- CAMEL SCP
- WAP content server- fleet mgm.
BTSBTS
BTSBTSSMLC
Location technology specific functionality in BSS: CI+TA, E-OTD and GPS can be accommodated
Combining location with radio interface relatedinfo allows interesting operator applications
MSC/SGSN queries the BSCfor the MS location
No positioning technology related information in NSS
LMUs will use wired connection to BTS
LMU
LMU
SMLC in BSS (integrated to BSC )
© NOKIA
Cellular data rates - hype and reality!Cellular data rates - hype and reality!
> 600> 600 171.2 kbit/s + V.42 Bis Compression171.2 kbit/s + V.42 Bis CompressionEncrypted and already compressed data (images) do not compress
Encrypted and already compressed data (images) do not compress
171.2171.2 8 Timeslots x 21,4 kbit/s, CS-48 Timeslots x 21,4 kbit/s, CS-4 This is theorethical maximum for carrier capacity
This is theorethical maximum for carrier capacity
149.8149.8 7 Timeslots x 21.4 kbit/s, CS-47 Timeslots x 21.4 kbit/s, CS-4 1 timeslot reserved for signalling1 timeslot reserved for signalling
115.2115.2 8 Timeslots x 14,4 kbit/s, CS-28 Timeslots x 14,4 kbit/s, CS-2 First network implementations support CS-1 and CS-2
First network implementations support CS-1 and CS-2
100.8100.8 7 Timeslots x 14.4 kbit/s, CS-27 Timeslots x 14.4 kbit/s, CS-2 1 timeslot reserved for signalling1 timeslot reserved for signalling
43.243.2 3+1 Timeslot mobile, CS-23+1 Timeslot mobile, CS-2First terminal implementations will be at most 3+1 (3 downlink TSs, 1 uplink). Uplink data rate 14,4 kbit/s
First terminal implementations will be at most 3+1 (3 downlink TSs, 1 uplink). Uplink data rate 14,4 kbit/s
34.634.6 -20 % protocol overhead-20 % protocol overhead Assumed 80-20 payload-protocol ratioAssumed 80-20 payload-protocol ratio
31.131.1 -10 % retransmissions-10 % retransmissions Retransmission rate depends on carrier qualityRetransmission rate depends on carrier quality
10-3010-30 SimulationsSimulations Simulation results for user data rateSimulation results for user data rate
kbit/sHow calculated Comments
Note: Radio path is a shared media: Carrier capacity Data rate seen by individual user
6/1
99
9
© NOKIA
IP Version 6:IP Version 6: The Basis of the All-IP System The Basis of the All-IP System• Huge growth of mobile Internet terminals will exhaust IPv4 address space
• All wireless terminals will have WAP and GPRS
IPv6 brings enough IP addresses
• Ease of scalability
• Supporting billions of new devices and huge amounts of new bandwidth
• Simplified, cost-efficient architecture without NATs , Proxies, ALGs,...
• Always-on connection establishes a variety of new services
• Push, location-based, etc.
• Integrated Security
• Efficiency: IPv6 improves efficiency in a number of areas.
• Routing, Broadcast handling
• Quality of Service improvements
• Fragmentation, Flows
• Mobility Across Access Technologies
3G RAN3G RAN
3G RAN3G RAN
CableCable
3G RAN3G RAN
DSLDSL
WLANWLAN
RASRAS
RASRAS
RASRAS
IPv6IPv6betweenbetween
access systemsaccess systems
IPv6IPv6all-IPall-IP
Packet CorePacket Core
GWGW PSTNPSTN
ER/FWER/FW
ER/FWER/FW
IPv4IPv4(public or private)(public or private)
IPv6IPv6(public or private)(public or private)
3G-3G-SGSNSGSN
3G-3G-SGSNSGSN 3G-3G-
SGSNSGSN
3G-3G-GGSNGGSN
© NOKIA
THANKSTHANKSFORFOR
YOURYOURATTENTIONATTENTION
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