第三章 台灣農業永續發展面臨問題的探討 - nigramotionnigramotion.idv.tw/ftp/clep/92reserch/book1/book1_ch3.pdf · 39 第三章 台灣農業永續發展面臨問題的探討

39

Conway 1987

3-1

Agroecosystem

40

3-1 Conway 1987 agroecosystem Conway 1987

convent ional

green revolut ion

al ternat ive

Sustainable

Agricul ture

Conway and

Barbier ,1990

3-1

dis turbances

p r o d u c t i v i t y

Conway 1985

41

Lockeretz 1988 1

2

3

4

3-1

Conway 1985

disturbances product ivi ty

Lockeretz 1988

FAO 1988

Hamilton 1990

Keeney 1991

U.S. NRC 1991

Urech 2000

1994

1994

2002

2002

42

Brundtland Report

5 6

7

8

9

10

Hamil ton 1990

Keeney

1991

FAO

1988 NRC 1991

1

2

3 4

5

6

Urech 2000

1994

1994

43

2002

2002

Brundtland Repor t

1992

measuring system character is t ics

developing

sustainabi l i ty indicator

Gibbon, D. and

Jakobsson, K. M. , 1999

unsustainabi l i ty

Jodha 1990

44

1.

Carrying

Capaci ty

3-6

48 3-2

3-2 2

3 5.5

0.9

1.6

1.4

3-2

72 48159 894326 53-85

73 45910 891655 51.49

74 43973 887660 49.54

75 39641 887451 44.67

76 36181 886281 40.82

77 36604 894974 40.90

78 42088 894601 47.05

79 41982 890090 47.17

80 41843 884443 47.31

81 43614 875951 49.79

82 44943 874535 51.39

45

83 47377 872307 54.31

84 48268 873378 55.27

85 43509 872159 49.89

86 42962 864817 49.68

87 39250 858756 45.71

88 35044 855072 40.98

89 36846 851495 43-27

90 40173 848743 47.33

91 42123 847334 49.71

2 .

1948

1958

1993

1

3-3

9000

3-4

8,000

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

67 70 73 76 79 82 85 88 91

46

0.50

0.70

0.90

1.10

1.30

1.50

1.70

60 63 66 69 72 75 78 81 84 87 90

3-2

3-3 6791

1

2002

80

55,000

3-3

2002

60 63 66 69 72 75 78 81 84 87 90

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

67 70 73 76 79 82 85 88 91

67 70 73 76 79 82 85 88 91

47

3-4

3-4 6791

3-3

( )

77 24,266

78 33,487

79 35,760

80 39,659

81 41,535

82 44,671

83 47,203

84 54,534

85 56,581

86 56,542

87 56,111

88 56,593

89 55,601

90 54,005

91 53,272

3.

3-4 2000

48

36006.2 197.01 0 .55% 4106.4 76.91 1 .87%

271.8 1 .34 0 .49% 1290.8 5 .09 0 .39%

132.8 0 0 .00% 60 0 0 .00%

104.1 0 .02 0 .02% 175.7 0 0 .00%

2052.6 32.69 1 .59% 153-6 0 0 .00%

2143-6 5 .64 0 .26% 1901.7 22.48 1 .18%

1221 12.63 1 .03% 2016 0 .01 0 .00%

1427.6 17.58 1 .23% 2792.7 2 .18 0 .08%

163-4 0 0 .00% 2775.6 0 .32 0 .01%

1820.3 10.35 0 .57% 126.9 0 0 .00%

2051.5 0 .45 0 .02% 3515.3 7 .59 0 .22%

1074.4 0 .1 0 .01% 4628.6 1 .63 0 .04%

2002

(1)

2

90%

(2)

80%

(3)

(4)

(5)

49

2002

4.

3-5

WTO

3-6

6

4.5

3-7

5.

6.

8 0

% 5 10

50

3-5

3-6 67 91

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

67 70 73 76 79 82 85 88 91

3-7 67 91

11

4

10%

7.

10

0

10

20

30

45 55 65 75 85 87 89

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91

6 7 7 0 7 3 7 6 7 9 8 2 8 5 8 8 9 1

51

/ 30 /

1996

8.

80%

2002

GDP

52