Zitzewitz e 20150709_1430_unesco_fontenoy_-_room_ix

Energiewende

15-07-09 Referent 1

Innovative technologies to mitigate climate change:

Germany’s priorities

Ellen von Zitzewitz

Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy

2050 Energiewende targets

The energy transition follows a transparent long-term strategy.

15-07-09 Ellen von Zitzewitz 2

* 2013

Sourc

e:

Fe

dera

l G

overn

ment

2010,

BM

U/B

MW

i 2014,

AG

EE

-Sta

t2014,

AG

EB

2015

Climate

Renewable

Energies

Energy

Efficiency

% final energy

consumption

% gross electricity

consumption

% primary energy

consumption (vs. 2008)

final energy productivity

building renovation

% greenhouse gas

reduction (vs. 1990)

2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2050

+2.1% p.a.

doubling of renovation rate: 1% 2%

-40-55

-70-80 to -95

35 40 to 4550 65

8055 to 60

1830

4560

-20

-50

12%*

27.8 %

- 9 %

0.2%* p.a.

~1%* p.a.

-27,0 %

Achieved

2014

Climate Action Programme 2020


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Key policy measures Contribution to GHG emission

reduction (million t CO2 eq)

National Energy Efficiency Action Plan (NAPE)

(excl. measures in the transport sector)Ca. 25 – 30 m t

Strategy on climate-friendly building and housing

(incl. building specific NAPE measures)Ca. 5.7 – 10 m t

Transport sector measures Ca. 7 – 10 m t

Non-energy related emissions in

- industry, trade/commerce/services, waste mgmt.

- agriculture

3 – 7.7 m t

3.6 m t

Emission trading reform Dependent on EU

Further measures, incl. the electricity sector 22 m t

Total emission reductions will reach 62 to 78 million tonnes CO2 by 2020.

Two pillars of the Energiewende

Energy efficiency and renewables sustain a secure Energy transition.

15-07-09Ellen von Zitzewitz

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Renewable Energy

• Steady growth

• Environmentally friendly

Market and system integration

Energy research and

development

Supporting fields of action

European energy and climate

policy

• Reduce energy consumption

• Cost-efficient

Energy Efficiency

Key legislation:

Energy Saving Ordinance

Heating Cost Ordinance

Key legislation:

Renewable Energy Sources Act

Renewable Energy Heat Act

Main federal-level energy efficiency measures

A balance of consultation and information, incentives and regulations.


• Energy consulting

• KfW progammes for construction and

renovation

• MAP (Market Incentive Programme)

• Energy saving legislation

• Energy consulting (Energy Efficiency

Campaign)

• NTRI: National Top Runner Initiative

• Energy Efficiency Labelling Ordinance

• Ecodesign Directive (eff. classification)

• Energy consulting services

• KfW credits and loans

(Effizienzprogramm, BAFA)

• Obligatory energy audits

• European emissions trading (ETS)

Transport

Buildings Products and appliances

Industry and business

• Labelling (EU Directive Fuel Economy)

• Regulation of consumption

• Motor vehicle taxation

• E-mobility strategy

• Mobility and fuel strategy

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GHG emission savings through renewables use

In 2013 renewables avoided 148 million tonnes of CO2 in Germany.


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6,2

10,2

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25,8

0

5

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15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

Re

ne

wa

ble

ssh

are

in %

45.0

40.0

Overall target corridor

In 2025: between 40% and 45% RES-E

In 2035: between 55% and 60% RES-E

Capacity additions

Onshore wind and PV2 500 MW (2.5 GW) per year each

Bioenergy 100 MW per year

Offshore wind 6.5 GW by 2020, 15 GW by 2030

Focus on Wind and PV as most cost-effective solutions

(1) Renewables share in gross electricity consumption

15-07-09Ellen von Zitzewitz

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Average price of rooftop PV systems in Germany

Declining module costs in particular have driven down PV system.


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mB

SW

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(D

raft

, 2

6.0

6.2

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PV support costs decline steadily


Support levels

solar energy

(Cent/kWh)

January

2006

June

2015

Roof-top installations

< 10 kW 51,80 12,40

< 40 kW 51,80 12,06

< 100 kW 49,28 10,79

Large

installations

FiT FiP

< 1000 kW 48,74 11,18

< 10 MW 48,74 8,98

Ground-

mounted

40,60 8,98

(tendered)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

janv.…

juil.

06

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Syste

m p

rice [E

UR

/kW

p]

EE

G r

em

une

ratio

n a

n n

et e

lectr

icity p

rices

[ct/

kW

h]

ground-mountedsystemsmall roof-top system

net system price for10 kW roof-top system

Electricity price households (net)

Electricity price industry (net)

Investments and additional capacity in Germany

Investments in additional capacity have become cheaper.


3,7763,273

4,142

7,243

9,147

10,132 10,223

7,235

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

additional capacityin MW

bill. €

wind

photovoltaic

biomass electricity

annual installedcapacity (right axis)

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E-S

tat

20

14

300,80

303,30

76,95

138,14

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Su

pp

ort

in

mil

lio

n E

uro

s Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear Safetyand final storage

RenewableEnergies

Energy Efficiency

Support for energy-related research and development

Energy research is a key element of the energy transition.


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Benefits of fostering energy efficiency and renewables

The energy transition has positive effects on various levels of the economy.


ECONOMIC AND

ECOLOGIC EFFECTS

OF THE

“ENERGIEWENDE”

INVESTMENTS

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funds and banks; 13%

industry; 14%

utilites; 12%

project developers; 14%

farmers; 11%

private owners; 35%

others; 1%contractors; 0,2%

Total ~ 73 GW

Ownership structure of German RES facilities in 2012

Renewable installations create multiple opportunities for entrepreneurship – the ownership structure is versatile.


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Expansion of renewable energy sources in Germany

Business opportunities: the number of renewable power plants has grownexponentially over the past 14 years.


So

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: 5

0h

ert

z,

Bo

ris S

ch

uch

t 2

01

5

biomass

solar PV

wind

Conventional power plants are needed to back up volatile renewables.


Sourc

e: F

raunhofe

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E 2

015

German electricity system volatility today

Winter 2014 - week no. 4 (January) Summer 2014 - week no. 34 (August)

Solar

Wind

Po

we

r ge

ne

ratio

n (

GW

)

Seasonal storage

Pumped storage

Oil

Gas

Hard coal

Lignite

Nuclear

Biomass

Hydro

Four areas to increase flexibility

Different flexibility measures are suitable for varying shares of volatile renewables.


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Grid expansion

Flexibility

RE curtailment

Demand response

Power-to-heatPumped storage

Power-to-gas

Grids

Generation

Consumption

Storage

Share of RE80%65%50%20% 35%

2025 2035 2050 Target year

Development of renewable electricity generationin Germany since 1990 + 2020 target

Continuously developed policy support has fostered steady growth of renewables in Germany.


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50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

19

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Ele

ctr

icit

y g

en

era

tio

n (

GW

h)

Geothermal Energy

Photovoltaics

Biomass

Offshore Wind

Onshore Wind

Hydropower

2020 Target (rightaxis)

1990:

PV programme

“1.000 Roofs”

2011:

Fukushima and

nuclear phase out

1991:

Electricity

Feed-In Law

2000:

First EEG

2007/08:

IEKP

Thank youfor your attention

15-07-09 Referent 19

Contact details

Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie

Referat IIA1

Scharnhorststr. 34-37

10115 Berlin

Ellen von Zitzewitz

[email protected]

www.bmwi.de

Who is in the RE Club?


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PV module price development – past and future

Investment costs for PV modules continue to decline


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Cumulated produced

capacity in GW

German households spend less on electricity than in the US: efficiency outweighs higher electricity prices.


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Country Consumption (kWh) Price (ct/kWh) Bill (Euro)

Denmark 4,000 30 1,200

US 11,800 9 1,060

Germany 3,500 30 1,050

Japan 5,600 18 1,010

Spain 4,400 23 1,010

Canada 10,800 8 850

UK 4,200 19 800

France 5,000 16 800

Italy 2,700 25 680

Average household electricity spending: an international comparison

Country Consumption (kWh) Price (€ ct/kWh) Bill (€)

Denmark 4,000 30 1,200

US 11,800 9 1,060

Germany 3,500 30 1,050

Japan 5,600 18 1,010

Spain 4,400 23 1,010

Canada 10,800 8 850

UK 4,200 19 800

France 5,000 16 800

Italy 2,700 25 680

Net employment effects of the energy transition

Most jobs are created in the building sector, thanks to the energy transition.


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Pro

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-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

10

00

em

plo

ye

es

Industry

Trade

Building sector

Services

Energy and mining

4

40

12,5

10

10

29,5

74,5

50,5

85

51,5

10

Quality assurance and optimising energy consulting

Incentives for energy-efficient renovations (tax cancelled,substituted by incentive programme, total savings not clear)Upgrading, continuation and increased funding of the CO2 buildingrenovation programmePromoting “energy performance contracting“

National energy-efficiency label for old heating installations

Upgrading the KfW energy efficiency programmes

Energy efficiency networks initiative

Obligation to perform energy audits for non-SMEs

National top runner initiative

Introduction of a competitive tendering scheme for energy efficiency

Additional immediate measures

NAPE: Additional energy efficiency measures in Germany

These measures shall lead to additional energy savings of 350-380 PJ by 2020.


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Savings in PJ

Zitzewitz e 20150709_1430_unesco_fontenoy_-_room_ix

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