Zero Liquid discharge for the Industrial sector by Amit Udgirkar Sr. Manager Environmental Engineering Praj Industries Ltd
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Zero Liquid discharge for the Industrial sector
byAmit Udgirkar
Sr. ManagerEnvironmental Engineering
Praj Industries Ltd
Major Concerns. . .
Where is the space for process plant???
Reduce Foot Print
Recycle & Reuse of Treated Wastewater
somewhere???
Can I use treated wastewater
somewhere???
Major Concerns. . .
Major Concerns. . .
Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD)
Can I avoid liquid discharge???
Major Concerns. . .
Energy Recovery & Maximization of Energy Efficiency
Can I generate/save energy???
WaterWater& &
WastewaterWastewaterSolutionSolution
Solution. . .
Integrated Design Approach
Selection of Appropriate Technologies
Solution under one roof
Zero Discharge usage in Industry
How to Achieve ZLD. . .
Recovery of solvents by using distillation Process
Effluent after Solvent recovery
STEP 1
How to Achieve ZLD. . .
Removal of Organic Matter by Using Anaerobic Digestion
Raw Effluent from Industry
STEP 2
How to Achieve ZLD. . .
Removal of Balance Organic Matter by Using Aerobic Digestion
AnaerobicallyTreated Effluent
STEP 3
How to Achieve ZLD. . .
Clarification by using, tube settler/Clariflocculator
Treated Effluent from ETP
STEP 4
How to Achieve ZLD. . .
Further Reduction in TSS by using Filters
Effluent after Clarification
STEP 5
How to Achieve ZLD. . .
Reduction in Turbidity and SDI by using Ultra Filtration
Effluent after Filters
STEP 6
How to Achieve ZLD. . .
Recovery of low TDS Permeate by using RO
Effluent after UF
STEP 7
How to Achieve ZLD. . .
Concentration of RO Rejects by using battery of evaporators
High TDS Rejects from RO
STEP 8
How to Achieve ZLD. . .
Separation of salts from Mother Liquor using centrifuge / dryer
High TDS Rejects from RO
STEP 9
• High Recovery through RO to reduce load on Evaporation
system
• Highly Corrosive Effluent
• Material Compatibility at Higher Temperature
• High Capital Investment
• Operating Cost for the treatment
• Turnkey Responsibility
Key Challenges in ZLD. . .
How to Address the Challenges
High Recovery through RO
- Use of Proper & robust Pre-treatment- Right Selection of Membranes and RO Configuration- Use of Proper & robust Pre-treatment- Right Selection of Membranes and RO Configuration
Material Compatibility at Higher Temperature
- Operate Evaporation System at low temperature- Operate Evaporation System at low temperature
- Use various combination of Evaporators- Use various combination of Evaporators
High Capital Investment
Operating Cost for the treatment
- Use innovative approach like TVR or MVR- Use innovative approach like TVR or MVR
Solutions…..
Conventional Falling Film Evaporator
Forced Circulation Evaporator
Forced Falling Film Evaporator
Fluidized Bed Patented Evaporator
Falling Film …
STEAMSTEAM
COND.
FEED
VAPORS
Falling Film - Features
Better Heat Transfer Coefficient.
Low Power consumption .
Can be started up quickly and changed tocleaning mode .
Useful in heat sensitive chemical solutions
Falling Film - Limitations
Not suitable at higher suspended solid concentration and higher viscosity.
Distribution system is critical and can lead to tube fouling in absence of adequate wetting rate.
Frequent C.I.P. Required .
Force Circulation
FEED
CONC. PRODUCT
CONDENSATE
STEAMVAPORS
Force Circulation - Features
Capable of handling Suspended slurry, Saturated solution & viscous liquids.
Can be operated with min temperature differences between the heating media and the boiling liquid.
No frequent Scale inside the tubes.
Can be installed vertically as well as horizontally.
Force Falling Film
SHOWER NOZZLEDISTRIBUTOR
LIQUOR Tube WallFILM
Condensed Steam
Or Vapor On Outside
Wall Of Tube
LIQUOR
VAPOR
LIQUOR IN
FALLING FILM UPPER MAIN LIQUOR BOX
Force Falling Film – Features
All advantages of conventional falling filmEvaporation.
Comparatively less problem of tube wetting rate dueto Spraying Nozzles.
Less prone to fouling as compared with ConventionalFalling Film Evaporator.
• Flubex – As an alternative to Forced Circulation or in Combination
Flubex- Concept
Recirculating fluidized bed heat exchanger
Evaporation by Flashingin Vapor LiquidSeparator.
Fluidizing medium inTube.
• Flubex – As an alternative to Forced Circulation or in Combination
• Flubex – Advantages
• Continuous self-cleaning action avoid scaling.
• No Frequent C.I.P.
• Less generation & disposal problem of C.I.P. Effluent.
• No standby unit required.
• Lesser floor space.
• Flubex – Installation
• MEE – Installation
• Distillation followed by Forced Circulation Evaporator based on MVR Technology - Installation
• MEE – Installation
• MEE for Textile Effluent at Veerapandi, TN
• MEE – Installation
Cilion Inc. USA
Swan Hill Ethanol Co ltd, Australia
Biowanze S.A., Belgium
Thai Sugar Ethanol Co ltd, Thailand
Profex Bio Products Ltd, Bulgeria
Bannari Amman, TN
EID Parry, TN
Shaw Wallace Gelatines Ltd, Jabalpur India
Cadburys India Ltd
Orchid Pharma
Gujrat Ambuja, India
Unicorn Organics Ltd, India
Benzochem, India
Other Technologies
Ammonia Stripping
Solution Under One Roof
More than 500 references in 50 countries
Sustainable solution for Sustainable Environment
Web: www.praj.net
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