FACTORS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY IN RUSSIA: INSTITUTIONS OR LOCATION Speaker: Stepan Zemtsov, PhD, senior researcher Authors: S. Zemtsov, V. Barinova, J. Tsareva Laboratory for corporate strategies and firm behavior studies, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, RANEPA Innovation Economics Department, Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy, IEP Dublin 05.06.2017 RSA Annual Conference 2017
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Zemtsov S. Factors of entrepreneurial activity in Russia: institutions or location
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FACTORS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL
ACTIVITY IN RUSSIA: INSTITUTIONS
OR LOCATION
Speaker:
Stepan Zemtsov,
PhD, senior researcher
Authors:
S. Zemtsov, V. Barinova, J. Tsareva
Laboratory for corporate strategies and firm behavior
studies, Russian Presidential Academy of National
Economy and Public Administration, RANEPA
Innovation Economics Department, Gaidar Institute for
Economic Policy, IEP
Dublin
05.06.2017
RSA Annual Conference 2017
PURPOSE
2
The relevance of our research:
• Economic crisis and sanctions - need to encourage SME’s activity
• Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is an important object of public
support in Russia
• The uneven development of SMEs - need for regionally differentiated
policy
The purpose of the research:
• To identify regional factors of entrepreneurial activity in Russia in 1998-
2014
The (null) hypothesis:
• Geographical position can be an important factor for entrepreneurial
activity (NEG)
SME’S IN RUSSIA
3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
50001998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Th
ou
sa
nd
fir
ms
Individual entrepreneurs
Medium-sized enterprises (101-250empl.)
Small businesses (16-100 empl.)
Micro-enterprises (<15 empl.)
Small enterprises, including micro
The share of small firms in the numberof companies (right scale), %
The proportion of SMEs andentrepreneurs in the number oforganizations, %
SMEs Small Micro
Employment structure
WHAT IS ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY?
4
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30N
um
ber
of
firm
s per
1000 E
AP
The number of small businesses per EAPThe number of small (no micro) enterprises per EAPThe correlation between the number of small and microThe coefficient of regional variation (right-hand scale)
• The problem of micro enterprises (‘one-day’ firms) – is it entrepreneurship?
• Entrepreneurial activity growth was mostly statistical (methodology changed in 2007)?
• Regional convergence – equal conditions for SMEs?
GEOGRAPHY?
5
REGIONAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP CULTURE?
EMBEDDENESS
6
The correlation coefficient between the entrepreneurial activity in the target year
(2000-2014) and previous years (t0 - this year, t1 - the previous year, etc.)
2014 и 2013
2014 и 1998
Average
Entr_act – number of small firms per 1000 EAP
WEntr_act – spatial affects of entrepreneurship (Klotz, 2004)