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Your Body’s Defense
20

Your Body’s Defense

Jan 19, 2016

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Your Body’s Defense. Physical Defenses. First line of defense Skin Hair Mucous Cilia Saliva Tears Sweat Digestive tract. Skin. Protects from micro-organisms entering the body Open cuts/ sores provide entrance Cells die and are shed. Sweat. Our body has many sweat glands - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Page 1: Your Body’s Defense

Your Body’s Defense

Page 2: Your Body’s Defense

Physical Defenses First line of defense Skin Hair Mucous Cilia Saliva Tears Sweat Digestive tract

Page 3: Your Body’s Defense

Skin

Protects from micro-organisms entering the body

Open cuts/ sores provide entrance Cells die and are shed

Page 4: Your Body’s Defense

Sweat

Our body has many sweat glands Sweat is released to control body temp Sweat contains acids that kill pathogens

Page 5: Your Body’s Defense

Mucous Membranes

Moist linings around all entrances to body

Covered with mucous Mucous = sticky

substance Mucous traps

pathogens Mucous is released

from body

Page 6: Your Body’s Defense

Saliva & Tears

Contain enzymes that fight pathogens

Tears wash away foreign substances

Page 7: Your Body’s Defense

Cilia

Tiny hair-like structures Trap pathogens Help remove mucous from body

Page 8: Your Body’s Defense

Digestive Tract

Moves pathogens out of body

Acids/ chemicals in digestive tract

Mouth/Esophagus/ Stomach/ intestines

Chemicals kill pathogens

Page 9: Your Body’s Defense

Second Line of Defense

Occurs after pathogen enters the body Inflammation

Page 10: Your Body’s Defense

Inflammation 1st stage of healing Increased blood flow to area Increased size/ temperature/ redness Caused by dilation of blood vessels

Page 11: Your Body’s Defense

Phagocytes

Blood brings phagocytes & chemicals

Phagocytes = white blood cells Digest pathogens,

dead cells, waste Chemicals

Kill pathogens & start tissue healing

Page 12: Your Body’s Defense

Immune System Last line of defense Lymphatic system,

lymph nodes, lymph, lymphocytes

Lymph nodes store and filter lymph

Lymph - fluid containing lymphocytes

Lymphocytes - white blood cells

Page 13: Your Body’s Defense

Lymphocytes

B-cells & T-cells T-cells

Produce interferon- warns cells about pathogen

Kill some pathogens directly B-cells create antibodies

Antibodies bind to pathogens/ toxins until phagocytes find them

Page 14: Your Body’s Defense

Immunity

Active Immunity-body creates antibodies Through sickness of

immunization Immunization/ vaccine –

injected with small amount of pathogen

Passive Immunity-passed from mother to child through birth or breast milk

Page 15: Your Body’s Defense

Treatment

Antibiotics – kill living organisms Treat bacterial infections only

Fungus are treated with cream or topical treatment

Page 16: Your Body’s Defense

Treatment of Virus

Anti-viral can stop a virus from reproducing Most viruses are fought by our immune

system with… Rest Proper diet Water

Page 17: Your Body’s Defense

Prevention

Eat well-balanced meals. Get enough rest. (8 hours) Get exercise. (30 minutes at least 3-4 x

week) Wash hands/ shower. Keep hands out of eyes and mouth. Have regular physicals/ dental visits.

Page 18: Your Body’s Defense

Prevention

Get vaccinated Don’t share utensils,

glasses, cups etc. Avoid sick people. Avoid stress. Use stress

management techniques. Find time to relax.

Page 19: Your Body’s Defense

Questions

Page 20: Your Body’s Defense