13 th February, 2015 Yasushi Yasui Director General Environment Department New Energy Development and Industry Development Organization NEDO Forum Clean Coal Technology Session "Current situation and future outlook for CO2 capture technology — Focusing on clean coal technology”
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13th February, 2015
Yasushi Yasui Director General Environment Department
New Energy Development and Industry Development Organization
NEDO Forum Clean Coal Technology Session "Current situation and future outlook for CO2 capture technology —
Focusing on clean coal technology”
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
Carbon Capture
Technologies
2
Clean-up of synthesis gas for IGFC
CO2 emissions reduction in iron and
steel industry (COURSE50 Project)
NEDO Projects
IGCC (EAGLE STEP 1) 2006
Low carbonization in iron and steel
industry
Low carbonization
in coal-fired
power generation Development
of CO2
capture
technology
Improvement
of power
generation
efficiency
CO2 capture
& emissions
reduction
Utilization of low rank coal
Drying &
upgrading
Consideration of business model/
Demonstration abroad
2017
2014
2030
2035
2030 - 2050
Establishment of Technology (Year)
Chemical/physical absorption (EAGLE STEP 2 & 3)
Oxy-fuel IGCC
Chemical looping combustion
1. Development of Clean Coal Technology by NEDO
Entrained flow steam gasification 2030
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
47% 37%
Reference: World Energy Outlook 2002, 2004, 2007–2012, 2014
World primary energy demand by source World power generation by source
Mto
e
Mto
e
3
2. Global Primary energy demand and power generation by
sources
○ Coal is known as very important energy resource that has the characteristics distributed over a wide
area and stable low price relatively, compared with others energy resources.
○ Coal shares will be about 25% in Global Primary energy demand and about 40% in Global power
generation in 2035.
29% 24%
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
DOT:500 g-CO2/kWh
EIB: 550 g-CO2/kWh
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
[g-C
O2/k
Wh]
1195
967 907 889
958
864 806
695 476
375
Chaina U.S. Germany World India Coal Fired
(Japan) USC IGCC IGFC Oil
(Japan)
LNG
(steam)
LNG
(gas turbine
combined)
Reference :Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry(2009)、CO2 Emissions Fuel Combustion (2012)
Even most efficient coal fired thermal power generation discharge about 2 times CO2
compared to LNG-Fired.
Coal fired thermal power generation needs Improvement of the efficiency and introduction
carbon capture
utilization and storage (CCUS).
4
3. Comparison CO2 emission by power generation
Coal Fired thermal power
in the World
Coal Fired thermal power
in Japan
Reduction
by CCS
Coal
Power
with CCS
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
GCCSI Global Status of CCS 2014
14%
When we doesn‘t perform carbon dioxide emission, the quantity of annual CO2 emission increases to 50
billion tons in 2050, and world average temperature will increase approximately 6 degrees.
It is necessary to reduce annual CO2 emission to approximately 15 G tons to keep raise of world mean
temperature to 2 degrees in the IEA model. CCS is expected to carry 14% of the quantity of CO2
reduction.
G tons/year
Nuclear
Renewable Energy
End-use fuel switching
Power generation efficiency and fuel switching
End-use fuel and electricity efficiency
6℃
increase
50Gtons
2℃
Increase
15Gtons
4. Cumulative CO2 emissions reduction thorough
2050 in a 2℃ by CCS
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
4.1 World present development of IGCC-CCS
2005 2020 1995 2000 2015 2010 1990
●Puertollano (Spain,318MW,1997)
●Buggenum (Netherland,284MW,1994)
●Polk Power (UA,315MW,1996)
●Wabash River (UA,296MW,1995) ●IGCC: Country, Power output,
Operation year ○IGCC-CCS: CCS operation year, Capture capacity
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
4.2 Large scale CCS projects in the world
出展:GCCSI Global Status of CCS 2014
CO2/EOR is mainstream under the present conditions
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
4.3 Present Challenges on CCS
CO2/EOR is carried out mainly because CO2 can sell for the present conditions. CCS of the aquifer is not economy of the business because it rises the electricity
cost, it is come true only when the measures of the policy are taken. CCS except CO2/EOR notes the PA(Public Acceptance) for long-term CO2 storage,
and it is necessary to be able to go ahead with the consensus of stakeholders.
Carbon capture is feasible technology under present conditions by combination of present technologies, but expensive.
As for capture, it is necessary to develop the high precision prediction technology of the CO2 storage area for the large scale storage of millions of tons per year and low cost continuous CO2 monitoring technology after site closedown.
CCSの概要(帯水層貯留) CO2/EORの概要(枯渇油田の再生)
Policy
Technology
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
5. Cost of electricity with CCS in the present conditions
(1) (2)
(3)
(4)
Storage from onshore base Storage from offshore base