Yan HUANG Changjiang Water Resources Commission China

Yan HUANG

Changjiang Water Resources Commission

China

[email protected]

+86 27 82926230

• Floods Too much water

• Drought & water scarcity Too little water

• Water pollution Contaminations

Incre

asin

g

Extr

em

es

Water Quality

Solutions

IWRM

Comprehensive utilization / exploration of water resources

Planning

Implementation

Operation

Adaptation

Utilization

Hydropower

Irrigation

Navigation

Water supply

Disaster

mitigation

Flood management

Drought relief

IWR

M

How to

achieve

Innovation

• The largest river in China:

• 6,300km

• 1.8 million km2

• 960 billion m3 runoff

• Strategic water source &

hydropower base

• ~30% China population

• ~30% China GDP

• Golden Waterway –

Changjiang Economic Belt

Wuhan

Chongqing

Datong

Danjiangkou R

Flood Flood

EL 5400m

Drought

Hydropower

Flood 1998

Qwuhan= 71100m3/s

Eco-environmental

protection

Flood management

&

hazard mitigation

Protection of water,

environment & ecology

Integrated basin

management

Integrated Water

Resources utilization

Planning of Changjiang River

Basin

1956

Risk mitigation

1990

Water utilization

2012

Eco-environment sustainability

Dikes & Retention

basins at mid-

downstream

Integration:

Individual reservoir for multiple objectives

Multiple reservoirs operation for multiple objectives

Reservoir Functionalities:

‒ Improve flood safety level at downstream areas

‒ Promote power industry development, secure power supply

and reduce CO2 emission

‒ Secure water supply for peopel and eco-environment system

needs

‒ Improve navigation conditions of the river

‒ Maintain water flow during dry season to sustain eco-

environmental systems of the river

江

Tingzikou

2.04

Tingzikou

2.04

Zhaoshi

江

Dafangyin Dafangyin

Zipingpu Zipingpu

Xiluodu

Shuibuya Shuibuya

Xiajiang Xiajiang

Yichongqiao Yichongqiao

xiangjiaba

Pengshui

Goupitang

Three Gorges Three Gorges

July: 34~36 billion m3

flood storage

Aug: start storing

water in sequence

Liaofang Liaofang

600

590

580

570

560

380

370

360

1/Sept 20/Aug 10/Aug 10/Sept 20/Sept

Xiluodu, before 15/Sept < 571.4 m

(Backwater level of 20yrs flood)

Flood management Flood management Impoundment Impoundment

Flood management Flood management Impoundment Impoundment

Design & Planning

Optimized

Normal Pool Level for Xiluodu

Wa

ter le

ve

l (m)

• In consultation with all relevant stakeholders

• To secure high full-rate for better water resources

supply in dry season

Spillway

Flood discharge

Spillway

Flood discharge

Powerhouse

Generate electricity

Powerhouse

Generate electricity

Locks

Shipping

Locks

Shipping

Reservoir storage

Supply water

Store flood water

Navigation

Reservoir storage

Supply water

Store flood water

Navigation

Flow

Environment

Flow

Environment

Installed capacity 22500 MW

Flood control storage capacity 22.15 billion m3

Annual power generation 88 billion kWh

Maintain environmental and navigation needs in dry season

Inflow peak value reached 70000m3/s, 40000 m3/s discharged from TGR

Hmax = 161.02 m, total stored flood water of 26.43 billion m3

Reduced water level at downstream area effectively: 0.88m for Chenglingji,

0.79m for Wuhan

Qmax=70000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

2010-7-10 2010-7-12 2010-7-13 2010-7-14 2010-7-15 2010-7-17 2010-7-18 2010-7-19 2010-7-20 2010-7-21

Dis

ch

arg

e (

m3

/s)

140

142

144

146

148

150

152

154

156

Wa

ter

Le

ve

l (m

)

Inflow Outflow Water Level (m)

70000m3/s

32.2

32.4

32.6

32.8

33.0

33.2

33.4

33.6

33.8

34.0

34.2

34.4

7-15-08 7-17-08 7-19-08 7-21-08 7-23-08 7-25-08 7-27-08 7-29-08 7-31-08 8-2-08 8-4-08

时间(月-日-时)

水位

（m)

实际过程

假定三峡未建库过程

Chenglingji

In 2014, generated hydropower 98.8 billion kWh

Contribute significantly to CO2 emission reduction

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

年度发

电量

（亿

kW

.h）

Pow

er

genera

tion

(kW

h)

Year

• Total installed capacity: 22500 MW

• Annual power generation: 88 billion kW·h

Improved navigation condition for 600km at mainstream & 500km at tributaries

upstream of TGR, reduced 36% navigation cost

Improved navigation capacity from 10 million t to 50 million t (planned for 2030,

reached in )!

Demands to further improve the “Golden Waterway” raises to satisfy the

development needs of the “economic belt along Changjiang river”

Navigation capacity in Upper Changjiang River (10,000t)

Generate artificial floods to provide appropriate water conditions (v, T) for

spawning of fishes at the downstream area

Experiments started since 2011 – observations shows excellent effectiveness

Spawning Water level Spawning Water level

Spaw

nin

g

Wate

r level (m

)

Wate

r level (m

)

Spaw

nin

g

Full Full

July

Normal Pool

level 175m

Oct Dec June

Wa

ter

leve

l (m

)

160

165

165

175

Impoundment

Period Drawdown period

• Maintain navigation & environmental flow

Flood control level

145m

Regulation Rule of Three Gorges Reservoir

Data Acquisition

Hydrological Forecasting

Support

Real time management

Flood Management & drought relief

Provide information &

forecasting for early warning

Meteorological Forecasting

Decision maker / end user

Consultation meeting with stakeholders

Shashi

Changes & impacts

Reservoir operation changed river

morphology

Increasing eco-environmental protection

needs

Climate change

Challenges

How to satisfy navigation needs of

“Changjiang economic belt development”?

Regulation of inter-basin water diversion –

south-to-north water transfer

Water diversion S-N

Som

e R

em

ark

s

River basin planning provides basis for integrated water resources and basin management

Integrated operation & management of multiple reservoirs for multi-objectives is vital for sustainable development

Effectiveness of engineering measures depends on non-engineering measures

Pay a

ttention t

o:

Mitigate and / or minimize negative impact of engineering measures

Adapt to changes

Reservoirs built before 2015

Total volume > 100 billion m3

Need to develop regulation rules for multi-reservoir

operation

construction

Built

Others

Zip

ingpu

Chenglingji

Xiangjiaba

Gouzhouba

ThreeGorges

Xiluodu

Zhichen

g

Yichang

Shuib

uya

Gaobazhou

Geheya

n

Goupitan

Hongjia

du

Ert

an

Jin

pin

gyi

ji

Pubugou

Tin

gzik

ou

Dongting Lake W

ujia

ngdu

Cascade Reservoirs

Oth

er

reserv

oirs

Baozhushi

Integrated

water

utilisation