Yakima River Adult Steelhead Life History Characteristics Chris Frederiksen 1 , Kinsey Frick 2 , Zack Mays 3 , and Gabriel Temple 3 1 Yakama Nation Fisheries - YKFP 2 NOAA Fisheries 3 Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Photo: Zack Mays
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Yakima River Adult Steelhead Life History Characteristics
Chris Frederiksen1, Kinsey Frick2, Zack Mays3, and Gabriel Temple3
1Yakama Nation Fisheries - YKFP2NOAA Fisheries3Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife
Photo: Zack Mays
Project acknowledgements: Alex Conley-YFWRB
Andy Johnsen-USFWS
Bill Bosch-YN
Bill Nicolai- Lighthawk Pilot
Brady Allen-USGS
Conan Northwind-YN
Corky Roberts-USFWS Pilot
Dale Bambrick-NOAA
Dave Fast- YN
Dave Lind-YN
David Child-DC Consulting
Gabe Temple-WDFW
Gary Torretta-USFS
Germaine Hart-YN
Jeff Trammell-YN
Jennifer Scott-WDFW
Joanne Fernandez-YN
Joe Blodgett-YN
Joel Hubble-USBR
John May- Pilot
Justin Yeager-NOAA
Kinsey Frick-NOAA
Mark Nelson-USFWS
Martin Kimbrel-WDFW Pilot
Nate Pinkham-YN
Paul Huffman-YN
Richard Visser-USBR
Ryan Deknikker-YN
Sandra Fife-BPA
Sara Frederiksen-Wife
Scott Evans-USGS
Sean Gross-NOAA
Shane Keep-YN
Steve Corbett-NOAA
Sunny Fiander-YN
Thomas Arden-USBR
Tim Ressigue-YN
Todd Newsome-YN
Yuki Reiss-YFWRB
Zack Mays-WDFW
Yakima River Summer Run Steelhead
Satus Cr.
Toppenish Cr.
Yakima River steelhead status
- 1999 Mid Columbia DPS listed as threatened
Yakima River adult steelhead counts
Enumeration 2002-2013
- Avg 3,951 (1,537-6796)
upper Yakima R.
Populations
Naches R.
Gmean: 151
Gmean: 840
Gmean: 599
Gmean: 660
Prosser
Generate adult abundance estimates Estimate population specific adult
abundance
Test & validate long term methods GSI
Remote instream PIT-arrays
Refine upper Yakima & Naches spawning distributions Clarify extent, distribution, and
contribution of mainstem spawners
Collect life history/demographic data
Yakima
Union Gap
Yakima R
Ahtanum Cr
Radio Telemetry Objectives (2012 – 2014)
Upper Yakima
Naches
Toppenish
Satus
Roza Dam
Fixed site receivers: Placed for monitoring:
• Macro-reach movement and holding patterns
• Tributary and population escapement
• Mainstem migration & spawning activity
Telemetry Receiver Sites
Yakima River Telemetry Study: Detection Methods
Upper Yakima
Naches
Toppenish
Satus
Yakima
Ellensburg
Prosser
Yak Mouth
Mobile Tracking: Planes & Helicopters
Entire Basin
Natal/headwater spawning reaches
Boats Yakima mainstem
Naches floodplain
Vehicles Entire Basin
Boots Fine scale locating of fish/redds
Tag recovery
Yakima River Telemetry Study: Detection Methods
79.3%
4.2%
4.5%
7.3%
4.7%
Spawners & ProbableSpawners
Tag Dissapeared
Tagging mortality
In River Mortalities
Left Yakima Basin
Fate of Radio Tagged Steelhead (N=507)
1854
684
2221
496
5255
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Satus Cr Toppenish Cr+MD
Naches R Upper Yakima R+ Wns
Total PopulationEsc
Population Abundance CI (a = .10)Satus Cr 1854 +/- 211
Toppenish Cr +MD 684 +/- 144
Naches R 2221 +/- 221
Upper Yakima R + Wns 496 +/- 125
Total Population Esc 5255 +/- 176
Population Estimates: Expanded w/ TR +TM
35.3%
42.2%
13.0%
9.5%
% of Total Spawners by Population
Satus Cr
Naches R
Toppenish Cr +MD
Upper Yakima R + Wns
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1-S
ep
1-O
ct
1-N
ov
1-D
ec
1-J
an
1-F
eb
1-M
ar
1-A
pr
1-M
ay
# F
ish
Ta
gg
ed
Dail
y
Dail
y F
ish
Co
un
t
Yakima Steelhead Run-Timing at Prosser Dam: Recent 10-Year Average vs 2011-12 Run
Daily Tag Effort 10 Year Average 2011-2012 Run
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1-S
ep
1-O
ct
1-N
ov
1-D
ec
1-J
an
1-F
eb
1-M
ar
1-A
pr
1-M
ay
# F
ish
Ta
gg
ed
Dail
y
Dail
y F
ish
Co
un
t
Yakima Steelhead Run-Timing at Prosser Dam: Recent 10-Year Average vs 2011-12 Run
Daily Tag Effort 10 Year Average 2011-2012 Run
Prosser statistics (rkm 75.6) 6359 total steelhead
6208 wild (97.6%)
151 hatchery (2.4%)
► 66.5% F
► 33.5% M
Run Size and Distribution (2011-12)
Tagging statistics (715 Sampled) 507 radio tagged
493 wild (97.2%)
14 hatchery (2.8%)
► 65.8% F
► 34.2% M
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1-S
ep
1-N
ov
1-J
an
1-M
ar
1-M
ay
Daily
Fis
h C
ount
Satus Cr
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1-S
ep
1-N
ov
1-J
an
1-M
ar
1-M
ay
Daily
Fis
h C
ount
Toppenish Cr
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1-S
ep
1-N
ov
1-J
an
1-M
ar
1-M
ay
Daily
Fis
h C
ount
Naches R
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
1-S
ep
1-N
ov
1-J
an
1-M
ar
1-M
ay
Daily
Fis
h C
ount
Upper Yakima
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1-S
ep
1-O
ct
1-N
ov
1-D
ec
1-J
an
1-F
eb
1-M
ar
1-A
pr
1-M
ay
% p
assa
ge
Cumulative % of passage over Prosser Dam
Satus Toppenish Naches Upper Yakima
Population Run-timing: Prosser Dam
Over-wintering: Upper Yakima Mainstem
Mid-Basin detections 5 steelhead detected above
Wapato Dam
3 (5) detected at Roza outfall
1 (5) detected at Roza Dam
~2.5% of Radio-tagged steelhead
(9/15 -10/31)
-1 Naches
- 4 upper Yakima
Roza Dam
Yakima
Union Gap
Yakima R
Ahtanum Cr
Wapato Dam
Roza outfall
(11/01-02/01)
Yakima mainstem : Sunnyside to Marion drain
21 steelhead detected (10/15/11 – 01/05/12)
~8% of fall tagged fish (9/15 -10/31)
Yakima mainstem: Marion drain to Mabton bridge
117 steelhead detected
~58% of fall tagged fish (9/15 -10/31)
Yakima mainstem: Mabton bridge to Prosser
39 steelhead detected
~20% of fall tagged fish (9/15 -10/31)
Over-wintering: Yakima River Mainstem
Toppenish Cr
Satus Cr
Marion Drain
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
351-N
ov
1-D
ec
1-J
an
1-F
eb
1-M
ar
1-A
pr
1-M
ay
Cum
ula
tive %
Passage
Daily
Fis
h C
ount
Satus Cr Steelhead: Tributary Entry
XW
XWXWXWXWXW
XWXWXWXW
XW
XWXWXW
XWXW
XWXWXWXW
XWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXW
XWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXW
XWXWXW XW
XWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXW
XWXWXW
XW
XW XWXWXW
XWXWXWXWXWXWXW
XWXWXW
XW
XW
XW
XW
XW
XW
XWXW
XW
XW
XWXW
Satus Cr
Mule
Dry
Cr
F = 67.2% 33 days
M = 32.8% 55 days
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
Spawn Timing (N=78)
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
Spawn Timing (N=21)
Toppenish Cr
Marion Drain
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0
1
2
3
4
5
1-N
ov
1-D
ec
1-J
an
1-F
eb
1-M
ar
1-A
pr
1-M
ay
Cum
ula
tive %
Passage
Daily
Fis
h C
ount
Toppenish Cr Steelhead: Tributary Entry
F = 53.8% 32.5 days
M = 46.2% 52.5 days
25 Radio tagged steelhead spawners
- 18% of Naches spawners
Naches River
Wapatox Dam
Cowiche Dam
Naches
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
15
-Fe
b
15
-Mar
15
-Apr
15
-May
Cum
ula
tive %
Passage
Daily
Fis
h C
ount
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
Spawn Timing (N=85)F = 65.4% 17.1 days
M = 34.6% 29.4 days
Wenas Cr
• 3 fish detected
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
31
-Oct
30
-Nov
31
-Dec
31
-Jan
29
-Fe
b
31
-Mar
30
-Apr
31
-May
Cu
mu
lative
% P
assag
e
Daily
Fis
h C
ount
Upper Yak Run timing: To Roza Dam
Yakima Mainstem & Wenas Cr
Roza Dam
Yakima Mainstem (Below Roza Dam)
• 3-4 fish spawned below Roza Dam
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
20.0%
(3/12 -3/18)
(3/19 -3/25)
(3/26 -4/1)
(4/2 -4/8)
(4/9 -4/15)
(4/16 -4/22)
(4/23 -4/29)
(4/30 -5/6)
(5/7 -5/13)
(5/14 -5/20)
(5/21 -5/27)
(5/28 -6/3)
Spawn Timing (N=17)
F = 73.9% 25.6 days
M = 26.1% 62.7 days
Survival to mouth
91%
Cumulative 51.2%
Survival to Prosser
68%
(90%F/10%M)
Yakima MPG: Kelt survival
Upper Yakima
Naches
Toppenish
Satus
Yakima
Ellensburg
Prosser
Yak Mouth
That’s all Folks!
Yakima Steelhead: Spawn Timing
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
Satus
Toppenish
Naches
Upper Yakima
Spawn Timing
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
Satus
Toppenish
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
20.0%
Naches
Upper Yakima
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1-S
ep
1-O
ct
1-N
ov
1-D
ec
1-J
an
1-F
eb
1-M
ar
1-A
pr
1-M
ay
# F
ish T
agged D
aily
Daily
Fis
h C
ount
Yakima Steelhead Run-Timing at Prosser Dam & Tagging effort
Partitioning of Run-Timing & Sampling at Prosser Dam
-Improved Method for Population Expansion Estimates
-Differential run-timing between populations-Under/Over sampling effort for stratified periods
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
Late Summer/EarlyFall Migrants (9/5-
10/8)
Fall Migrants (10/9-11/8)
Late Fall Migrants(11/9-12/9)
Early WinterMigrants (12/10-
1/12)
Winter Migrants(1/21-2/23)
Early Spring Migrants(2/24-3/30)
Spring/Early SummerMigrants (4/1-6/30)
% of run % Rtagged
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
Late Summer/EarlyFall Migrants (9/5-
10/8)
Fall Migrants (10/9-11/8)
Late Fall Migrants(11/9-12/9)
Early WinterMigrants (12/10-
1/12)
Winter Migrants(1/21-2/23)
Early Spring Migrants(2/24-3/30)
Spring/Early SummerMigrants (4/1-6/30)
% of run % Rtagged
Cumulative Passage: Prosser Dam
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2Cumulative % of Passage
over Prosser Dam
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