Y2K Awareness & Methodology By Azhagarasan A My Profile §Azhagarasan a.k.a “Manoj” § 3 yrs with Infosys §Executed more than 5 year2000 projects in India.

Y2K

Awareness & Methodology

By Azhagarasan ABy Azhagarasan A

My Profile

Azhagarasana.k.a “Manoj”

3 yrs with InfosysExecuted more than 5

year2000 projects in India and USA

Awareness

Why is Y2K a problem? To save money.

The price of a megabyte (~1 million characters) of disk storage has dropped from about $10,000 thirty years ago

The price of a megabyte (~1 million characters) $0.03 today

Why is Y2K a problem? Cont...

Compiler Restriction

Request of system time return year in YY format

What is Affected?

Traditional "computer" systems -- those that we would easily identify as computers, with a keyboard, monitor, and perhaps a mouse or printer.

Embedded devices -- machines with computers built into them, such as automated teller machines, water softeners, gas meters, cars, trucks, and parking meters.

Process Control systems -- automated factories and plants.

Examples of Y2K Problems

Consider a computer program that is calculating a mortgage term. The general formula is:

Mortgage term = (End year) - (Start year)

Thus, for a 5-year term starting in 1993:

Mortgage term = 98-93 = 5 years

But consider a mortgage that spans the century boundary, starting in 1998:

Mortgage term = 03-98 = -95

Examples of Y2K Problems

Here's a more interesting example.

Consider that the elevator systems in Skyscrapers are programmed to shut down most of the elevators (say, 12 out of 15) on weekends. 01/06/1900 is a Saturday, but 01/06/2000 is a Thursday. On that first Thursday of 2000, an elevator system that uses a 2-digit date representation may believe that it is a Saturday, and switch to its weekend program. Annoying, but not fatal; some security guard somewhere will probably be able to use his override key to get things working the way they should.

Examples of Y2K Problems

Consider a machine that performs an automatic cleaning cycle every 4 days. To determine when a cleaning is required, it subtracts the date of the last cleaning from the current date; if the answer is 4 or more, the cleaning cycle starts. On January 4, 2000, this machine checks to see if a cleaning is required:

01/04/00-12/31/99 = -36520 days

Since -36520 is less than 4, the cleaning cycle does not commence. In fact, the machine never again starts a cleaning cycle.

Y2K Scene

Methodology

IT Industry•Railway Reservation

•Banking

•Insurance

•Retailing Industry

•Distribution

•Automation

•Communication

Few Terminology

Work stations PC

Mini computers a computer able to serve 100 users

Mainframe a computer able to serve 1000s of users

Files system Storing records

Database systems Storing related information

Few Terminology

Formats of dates

Julian YYDDD Gregorian YYMMDD Year CCYY

Date scale boundary - 00 & 99

Misunderstandings & Misconceptions

• Will bomb only after 31 Dec 1999.

• Just a Hardware clock problem

• Mainframe dependent

Recap ...

Year 1900 and 2000 are indistinguishable as both

are represented by “00” and so on

All date arithmetic, comparisons and sorts fail as

year 2000 is considered to be earlier than 1999

Dates “00” and “99” might have been used to

represent the beginning and end of ‘date scale’

and cannot be used henceforth

How to make systems Y2K compliant?

Rec

omm

enda

tion

s

Expansion Use 4 digit year

Handle in logic Static window Dynamic / Sliding Window Changes to screen & report layouts

How to make systems Y2K compliant?

Expansion

YY to CCYY YY to CYY

• Madatory option - Indexing

App

roac

hes

Remediation TechniquesWindow = 1980 to 2079

Static Window• IF YEAR-YY < 80

MOVE 20 TO CENTURY-CC

ELSE

MOVE 19 TO CENTURY-CC

Dynamic Window• IF YEAR-YY < CUTOFF-YEAR

MOVE 20 TO CENTURY-CC

ELSE

MOVE 19 TO CENTURY-CC

Solutions - Case study

Cases:

Comparison/Loops Arithmetic Sorting in an Order Hard-coded Logic

IF/Perform

IF YYMMDD-1 > YYMMDD-2

IF 1999 12 31 > 2000 12 31• IF 991231 > 001231

IF 1999 > 2005• IF 99 > 05

Subtract/Compute

Difference in years/days

YYDDD-1 - YYDDD-2 2005 365 - 1999 365 05365 - 99365

YY-1 - YY-2 2005 - 1980 05 - 80

SORT

SORT a reportBY Name

YYMMDD

SORT a reportBY Name

YY

Use CCYY/CCYYMMDD

19701122 70112220101122 10112219501122 50112220001122 001122…….…….…….

A report.

PO #:________ Date : ___/___/ 19 ___

Customer #:_______ Amount : ___________

Easiness of the solutions !?

Time/Effort/Resources/Skill setsFind and Fix in Millions of SLOCTesting before 2000

May even bomb before 2000• Insurance

• Credit card validation

• Telephone/utility bill payments

Not a search and replace problem

Tools availability

Product Name Company Platform

IN 2000 Infosys WINDOWS 95, WINDOWS 3.x

Challenge 2000 Micro Focus WINDOWS NT, DOS

System vision Platinum MVS/ESAyear 2000

Cayenne 2000 Cayenne WINDOWS 3.x 95 Software and NT

CA - Impace CA Inc. IBM/370,OS/VSDOS/VS, MVS/ESA

Table Base Data Kinetics IBM MVS,VSE

Tools availability

Product Name Company Platform

D-Day 2000 Diamond optimum Systems HP UNIX, SUN SLOARIX, WINDOWS NT

Manage 2000 Intersolv-Inc WINDOWS 3.x, 95, OS2, UNIX

Bridge 2000 Lexi Bridge SYSBASE, SQL SERVER, ORACLE DB/2, INFORMIX, POWER BUILDER

MILLENIUM Vision net system Inc. AS/400400

Legal Threats to Software Vendors

Y2K problem has

been given a major

popularity by the

media

Software vendors

cannot claim

ignorance

Legal Threats to Software Vendors

Law-suits may be

filed on following

counts professional

malpractice and gross

negligence

fraud and

misrepresentation

Legal Threats to Software Vendors

Legal system may

not show any

sympathy to

software vendors

Have we come to an end ?!!!

Thank U!