XP Information Information is everywhere in an organization Employees must be able to obtain and analyze the many different levels, formats, and granularities.

XPXPXPInformation• Information is everywhere in an organization

• Employees must be able to obtain and analyze the many different levels, formats, and granularities of organizational information to make decisions

• Successfully collecting, compiling, sorting, and analyzing information can provide tremendous insight into how an organization is performing

XPXPXPDatabases

• Database – Collection of related data that can be stored in a

central location or in multiple locations – Usually a group of files

• File– Group of related records– All files are integrated

• Record – Group of related fields

XPXPXPDatabases

XPXPXPData-Driven Web Sites

• Data-driven Web site– Interface to a database– Retrieves data and allows users to enter data

• Improves access to information• Useful for: – E-commerce sites that need frequent updates – News sites that need regular updating of content – Forums and discussion groups – Subscription services, such as newsletters

XPXPXPData-Driven Websites

XPXPXPData-Driven Business Intelligence

XPXPXPBI in Action: Law Enforcement

• Business intelligence (BI) – Used in law enforcement as well as in the business

world – www.crimemapping.com

• Richmond, Virginia – System generates BI reports that help pinpoint

crime patterns – Allocate manpower to days and locations where

crime likely to occur

http://www.crimemapping.com/

XPXPXPDATA WAREHOUSE

• Data warehouse – a logical collection of information – gathered from many different operational databases – that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks

• The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to aggregate information throughout an organization into a single repository for decision-making purposes

XPXPXPData Warehouse

• Data warehouse supports different types of analysis – Generates reports for decision making

• Online analytical processing (OLAP)– Generates business intelligence– Uses multiple sources of information and provides

multidimensional analysis– Hypercube– Drill down and drill up

XPXPXPMultidimensional Analysis • Cube – common term for the representation of

multidimensional information

XPXPXPThe Value of Quality Information • Business decisions are only as good as the

quality of the information used to make the decisions

• You never want to find yourself using technology to help you make a bad decision faster

XPXPXPInformation Cleansing or Scrubbing• Accurate and complete information

XPXPXPData Mining and Business Intelligence

• Data mining – the process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone

• Data-mining analysis– Discover patterns and relationships

• Cross-reference segments of an organization’s operations for comparison purposes

• Analyze large amounts of historical data quickly • To perform data mining users need data-mining tools– Data-mining tools helps users uncover BI

XPXPXPData-mining

• Data-mining analysis– Discover patterns and relationships

• Reports– Cross-reference segments of an organization’s

operations for comparison purposes – Find patterns and trends that can’t be found with

databases – Analyze large amounts of historical data quickly

XPXPXPRelational Database Management Systems• A database management system (DBMS) is a

software program that lets you create databases and then manipulate data in them

• In a relational database management system, data is organized as a collection of tables

New Perspectives on Microsoft Access 2010 15

XPXPXPData Manipulation

• Add, delete, modify, and retrieve records from a database

• Query language– Structured Query Language (SQL) • Standard fourth-generation query language

used by many DBMS packages • SELECT statement

– Query by example (QBE)• Construct statement of query forms• Graphical interface

XPXPXPOrganizing Data• Your first step in organizing data is to identify

the individual fields– The specific value, or content, of a field is

called the field value–A set of field values is called a record

• Next, you group related fields together into tables


XPXPXPExhibit 3.1 Data Hierarchy

XPXPXPDatabases and Relationships• A collection of related tables is called a database, or a

relational database• You connect the records in the separate tables

through a common field• A primary key is a field, or a collection of fields,

whose values uniquely identify each record in a table• When you include the primary key from one table as

a field in a second table to form a relationship between the two tables, it is called a foreign key in the second table


XPXPXPDatabases and Relationships


XPXPXPViewing Objects in the Navigation Pane


XPXPXPEntering Records


XPXPXPCreating a Simple Query• A query is a question you ask about the data

stored in a database• The Simple Query Wizard allows you to select

records and fields quickly


XPXPXPCreating a Simple Form• A form is an object you use to enter, edit, and

view records in a database• You can design your own forms, use the Form

Wizard, or use the Form tool to create a simple form quickly and easily


XPXPXPCreating a Simple Form


XPXPXPCreating a Simple Report• A report is a formatted printout (or screen

display) of the contents of one or more tables in a database

• The Report tool places all the fields from a selected table or query


XPXPXPCreating a Simple Report


XPXPXPCompacting and Repairing a Database

• Compacting a database rearranges the data and objects in a database to decrease its file size


XPXPXPBacking Up and Restoring a Database• Backing up a database is the process of making

a copy of the database file to protect your database against loss or damage

• The Back Up Database command enables you to back up your database file from within the Access program, while you are working on your database


XP Information Information is everywhere in an organization Employees must be able to obtain and analyze the many different levels, formats, and granularities.

Documents

xp data mining

xp information information

raw data

business intelligence

data mining users

xp databases slide

xp datadriven websites

xp information cleansing