Xie Wenwei - cgs.gov.cn

Xie Wenwei

The Institute of Exploration Technique

2011 China Mining

1. The current situation of China's drilling market

2. Coring drilling technology and equipment

3. Directional drilling technology

4. Shallow drilling technology and equipment

5. The main development direction of China geological drilling

Content

THE CURRENT SITUATION OF CHINA'S

DRILLING MARKET

Drilling technology is a important technology for

geology and mineral resources exploration.

The geological mineral exploration market drive

the drilling technology development direction.

Rapid increase of drilling for mineral exploration in China

0

5

10

15

20

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010drilling footage（million meters）

Diamond and PDC rotary drilling

Full face drilling with tri-cones and drag bits

DTH drilling

Drilling methods

Core and Sample Drilling method

常规提钻取心

（Conventional Core Drilling）

绳索取心

（Wireline Core Drilling）

反循环取样

（Reversery Circulation）

Direction of Drilling

Technology development

Higher Effiienc

e

Lower Cost

Deep

Drilling Capacit

y

Difficulty

Formation Quality

Of Sample

s

Control Of

Drilling trace

Risk Control

Muti-process

IET, founded in April, 1957, is the first

applied mineral exploration engineering

institute in China. It is subordinate to the

China Geological Survey .

While providing various drilling

technology and drilling equipment for the

national geological investigation, it also

serves the drilling market with its high-

tech drilling products, including drilling

equipment, processes and instruments.

The Institute of Exploration Techniques

Geo-

drilling

Main business

scope of IET

Water

well

drilling

Reverse

circulation

drilling

HDD

drilling

Foundation

drilling

Technical

support

for nationDirectional

drilling and

borehole

mining

2. CORE -DRILLING TECHNIQUE AND EQUIPMEN

2.1 Basic types of core drills

Two catergories Coring(sampling)

drills in general ：

•Spindle type drill with mechanical

drive

•Full-hydraulic operated Top-drive

core drill

Investigation Report of 70 Drilling

contractors in 2009

690 sets ,≥1000m Drills,87.8%.

96 sets,300-1000m ,12.2%.

735 sets, Spindle Drills, 93.5%

51 sets, All-hydraulic Top-drive drill, 6.5%.

• Spindle Drills dominate in China.

• Deep hole drilling accounts for a bigger chunk.

Spindle Drills

XY series spindle drills

CD series spindle drills with Continous drill rod feed

The spindle drills

with the tower

3000-4000m spindle drills

Full hydraulic core drill

The full hydraulic core drill

has finished 300 ~ 2000 m

series development.untill

now.

Sale volume was more

than 500 sets which include

200 sets has been export to

10 countries such as

Australia, Russia etc. .

15

YDX series Full hydraulic core drill

The rapid development of research and

manufacturing capacity on Chinese drilling equipment

was benefit from Drilling demand increased

substantially

Incomplete statistics shows that , in China in 2010:

Consumption of geo-drilling tubes reached

130,000t, including 25,000t wire line coring tubes(2.30

million meters);

Deep hole(＞ 1,000m) spindle type drills ＞2100 sets

（export ＞410 sets）；

Full hydraulic core drills ＞210 sets（export ＞80

sets）.

Manufacturing ability of Drilling equipment

Mechanization of wire line drill rod

handling

Power tong for thin wall tube in oil-gas

drilling is also good for wire-line drilling rod.

a. Drilling Data

collection system

b. Data processing

software

c. In-hole condition

Identification

d. Drilling site data

library management

e. Data share througn

local web at site

f. Remote data

transimission

Intelligent Drilling parameter monitor and remote wireless transmission system

To accommodate the demand on geological

investigation, various new drilling processes and

accessories have been developed. Increasing the drilling

depth and drilling efficiency, and improving core quality.

a. Deep hole wire-line drill rod , deep hole

b. New diamond drill bit technology, high efficiency and

long life

c. Fluid power DTH drilling technology and drilling

tools, high efficiency and improvement of drilling

quality

d. Core drilling in difficult formation-improvement of core

quality

2.2.1 R & D on deep hole wire-line drill rod

XJY-850 high grade steel precise seamless alloy

pipe has been developed, with improved drill rod

structure, connection thread shape and

size, thus, increasing strength and reliability.

The service life increases by 30% to 50%，meeting

the requirement to 2500 m drilling.

More than 20 deep holes (＞2000 m）have been

drilled with deep hole wire-line drill rod.

Yield strength

MPa

Tensile strength

MPa

Elongation%

Resistance to impact energyJ （20℃）

Resistance to impact energyJ （-20℃）

HardnessHRC

1070 1140 14.0 43 41 36.5

1130 1200 18.0 42 37 38.5

Deep hole wire-line drill rod in the drill site(the deepest hole is 2706.68m）

Oriented arrangement of diamond in matrix

2.2.2 Diamond drill bits

Application of imitation technology to the bit designing.

2.2.3 Fluid hammer percussive drilling

In China, a lot of practice proof the Fluid hammer

drilling is an important revolution of conventional

rotary drilling. It can improve drilling

efficiency ,extend footage and drill bit life, reduce

drilling deviation, and greatly reduce auxiliary work

time .

YZX and SYZX series fluid hammers developed by

IET have been widely used. In 2010, fluid hammer

percussive drilling footage is over 500,000 m.

China Continental Scientific Drilling（CCSD）Comparison between various drilling methods

螺杆马达/绳索

0.33

顶驱

0.36

转盘

0.47

顶驱/绳索

0.63

螺杆马达

0.74

顶驱/液动锤/绳索

0.89

螺杆马达/液动锤

1.13

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20 CCSD不同取心钻进方法的机械钻速单位：m/h

CCSD不同取心钻进方法的回次长度

螺杆马达/绳索0.84

顶驱0.73

转盘1.63

顶驱/绳索1.52

螺杆马达2.28

顶驱/液动锤/绳索2.76

螺杆马达/液动锤6.31

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00单位：m

Mechanical penetration rates of various drilling

methods at CCSD

Footage per run of various drilling methods at CCSD

• Simple Structure

• Long Service Life

• Easy Adjsutment

• Working Reliable

YZX series fluid hammers

Model O.D

(mm)Dia. of bit

(mm)

Pump rate

(m3/min)

Pump pressure(MPa)

Frequency

(Hz)

YZX-98 98 110--115 0.15-.035 1.5-4 15-20

YZX89 89 91-100 0.09-0.19 1.5-4 20-40

YZX73 73 75-82 0.09-0.15 3.0-0.8 20-45

YZX54 54 56-60 0.06-0.09 2.0-0.5 20-45

SYZX series Fluid hammer wire-line percussive coring tools

Type

ModelSYZX75 SYZX96 SYZX122

Complete wireline tool S75 S96 S114

O.D （mm） 73 89 114

Dia. of bit（mm） 75.5 95.5 122

Impact stroke（mm） 15-25 20-25 20-30

Free stroke（mm） 5-8 6-10 9-15

Pump rate（L/min） 60-90 90-120 120-190

Pump pressure（MPa） 0.5-2.0 0.8-3.0 1.0-3.0

Length (mm) 4902 5500 5830

Weight (Kg) 75 115 180

Recommended drill fluid Fresh water, emulsified fluid, low-solid mud

2.2.4 Down the hole powered coring drilling technology

It provides high drilling

rate, long run, good recovery, less

wear on drilling string, less

disturbance to the borehole

walls, lower energy consumption.

Two-in-one drilling

tool:(PDM, Fluid hammer and

swivel-type double-tube core

barrel)

Three-in-one drilling

tool:(PDM, Fluid hammer and wire-

line coring)

金刚石钻头

Single bit + double tube type, for poor cemented formation

Single bit + triple tube type, for formation with well filled fractures

Dual bit + triple tube type, for loose formation

2.2.5 Improve coring quality

Split core barrel for broken formation

In WFSD-1~3 drilling opertataion

the core recover ＞90%.

It can keep the in-situ condition

of the core very well, providing

high quality specimens for geo-

investigation.

R & D has been carried out on professional in-hole

incident treatment tools through exploiting oil

drilling incident treatment technology, promoting

establishment of professional incident treatment

services.

2.2.6 In-hole incident treatment

3. Directional drilling

3.1 Directional drilling for well intersection

Directional drilling for well intersection is a special

drilling technique based on controlled directional

drilling and horizontal drilling with PDM. With the

technique, two wells with surface distance of hundreds

of meters are connected underground to carry out

solution mining with boreholes.

3.2 High precision magnetic ranging system for target landing

Use of high precision magnetic ranging system for well intersection in Turkey

A total of 18 pairs of wells have been connected with the system in Turkey and China.

3.3 Directional core drilling technique

Diagram of directional core drilling

Combining directional drilling, wire line

core drilling and MWD together,.

It can takes cores along the build

section of the directional drilled hole

with the wire-line system.

It is on operating-cycle.

The future research is aimed to extend the service life

of the core drilling tool, increase the core diameter

and improve cover recovery.

4. SHALLOW DEPTH SAMPLING

TECHNIQUE AND EQUIPMENT

In order to meet the requirement of geo-

chemical ,mapping, and geo –physical

seismic prospecting, research has been

carried for geo-exploration techniques on

land, offshore and beaches. A lots of high

efficient drilling equipment and drilling

techniques have been developed.

4.1 Shallow sampling drillTGQ series（ 1—75m mechanical ）& DR

series （5-150m， hydraulic drive ）.

New drilling machine can be widely

used in geological survey，geochemical

exploration，geophysical exploration.

TGQ-1 TGQ-5 TGQ-10 TGQ-30 TGQ-75

DR drill in reverse circulation exploration

demonstration, average footage is 3451 m per

month , the highest footage is 4400 m per mouth, 4-

7 times the common core drilling.

For Tibet Ali salt lake and

shallow water and tidal

flats investigation and

scientific

exploration , developed

amphibian caterpillar salt

lake & intertidal zone

drilling rigs。

Both of them has been

successfully used.

4.2 Amphibious drills for exploration in salt-lake and intertidal zone

4.3 Seismic blast-hole fast drilling technology in complex formation

Develop the wire-line DTH hammer drilling

technology. Land In the explosives package through

drill pipe, can be used in the desert and gravel

unstable formation drilling.

• SDR-100 Sonic

Drilling rig

Power ：132kW/2000RPM

Pull force：62kN

Vibration frequency ：200Hz

Vibration force ：140kN

Rotate speed ：0-250RPM

Torque ：2000N.m

Dimensions ：3200×2200×2400mm

4.4 Sonic Drilling

5.The main development direction in China geological drilling

•3500-5000m drilling

•3500-5000m drill rig

•Deep hole wire-line drill pipe

•Down the deep hole powered drilling technology

•Complex formation coring and incident treatment technique

•Directional drilling in slim hole

•The reverse circulation equipment and process application

•Hydraulic water-well drilling equipment and Air drilling

technology application

•Research on automation and mechanization technology of

drilling equipment

•Scientific Ultra-deep well drilling technology researching

Thanks！

Xie Wenwei

The Institute of Exploration Technique

http://www.cniet.com

Mobil phone :+86 137 0036 8287

E-mail：[email protected]