Satellite Data Exchange: Benefits and Importance to Numerical Weather Prediction and Climate Change Study Xiaolei Zou ( 邹邹邹 ) Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Florida State University, USA he Fifth China - U.S. Roundtable on Scientific Data Cooperati Beijing, China, 27- 28 October, 2011
Satellite Data Exchange: Benefits and Importance to Numerical Weather Prediction and Climate Change Study. Xiaolei Zou ( 邹晓蕾 ). Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Florida State University, USA. The Fifth China - U.S. Roundtable on Scientific Data Cooperation - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Satellite Data Exchange: Benefits and Importance to Numerical Weather Prediction and Climate Change Study
Xiaolei Zou (邹晓蕾 )
Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences,
Florida State University, USA
The Fifth China - U.S. Roundtable on Scientific Data CooperationBeijing, China, 27- 28 October, 2011
2
Outline
• Satellite Data Applications in NWP
• Chinese Feng-Yun Three (FY-3) Series
Current status Recent progress
• Satellite Data Exchange
A brief introduction Science highlights
Improve NWPGenerate Reanalysis
SatelliteData
DataAssimilation
3
Data Assimilation for Reanalysis
Cycling( 15-50 years)
Observations in6h assimilation window
……
Observations in6h assimilation window
Observations in 6h assimilation window
Observations in6h assimilation window
Observations in 6h assimilation window
Observations in 6h assimilation window
4
ModelForecastAnalysis Background
Data Assimilation AnalysisBackground
Observations
Cycling Model Forecast
……
Medium Range:5 -9 day Short-Range: 1-36 hours
Data Assimilation in NWP
5
Observations in6h assimilation window
Observations in6h assimilation window
Observations in 6h assimilation window
F
xb yobsx0H
B O
Initial GuessObservations
ObservationOperatorBackground
Field
Background Error
Covariance
Observation Error
Covariance
Model Error Covariance
Model Space Observation Space
x0
Analysis(Solution)
Data Assimilation
6
7
FY-3
New Era of Meteorological Satellite in China
Pol
ar-O
rbit
ing
Geostation
ary
First Generation
Chinese Meteorological SatellitesChinese Meteorological Satellites
Global All weather 3 Dimension Quantitative Multi-channels
2006FY-2D
2007FY-3A (TEST)
2010FY-2F
2008FY-2E
2009FY-3B (TEST)
2011FY-3AM12012FY-3PM1
2012FY-2G2013FY-4A (TEST)
2013FY-3RM (TEST)
2015FY-4EAST1
2014FY-3AM2
2017FY-3AM3
2015FY-3PM2
2016FY-4WEST1
2017FY-4MS (TEST)
2018FY-3PM3
2016FY-3RM12019FY-3RM2
2019FY-4EAST2
2020FY-4WEST2
2020FY-4MS
2008FY-3A
From Zhang Peng
2008FY-3A
2010FY-3B
2011FY-3AM1 2012FY-3PM1
2013FY-3RM
2014FY-3AM2
2015FY-3PM2
2017FY-3AM32016FY-3RM1
2018FY-3PM3
2019FY-3RM2
2013FY-4A
2015FY-4EAST1
2016FY-4WEST1
2017FY-4MS
2019FY-4EAST22020FY-4WEST2
2020FY-4MS
USA, European and Chinese Polar-Orbiting Satellites
morning
afternoon
15
Launch Date: October 28, 2011
NASA TV (one of cable Channels) or NASA's NPP mission website at: http://www.nasa.gov/npp
Friday morning's liftoff from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif.
NPP Launch News
NPP --- The NPOESS Preparatory ProjectNPOESS --- The National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System
For a lot of exciting information, please go to:
Troposphere
Qin, Z., X. Zou, and F. Weng, 2011: Comparison between linear and nonlinear trends in NOAA-15 AMSU-A brightness temperatures during 1998-2010. Clim. Dynamics., (revised).
秦正坤
16
Stratosphere
Tb (
K)
Tb (
K)
Time (year)
Decadal Climate Trend
17
Scene-Temperature Dependence of Bias of FY-3A Microwave Temperature Sounder Caused by Frequency Shift After Launch
NASA TV (one of cable Channels). Or go to NASA's NPP mission website at: http://www.nasa.gov/npp
Channel number Frequency NEΔT (K)
MWTS AMSU-A MWTS & AMSU-A Designed
MWTS Shifts
MWTS AMSU-A
1 3 50.30 none 0.5 0.40
2 5 53.596±0.115 GHz 60 MHz 0.4 0.25
3 7 54.940 GHz 80 MHz 0.4 0.25
4 9 57.290 GHz 83 MHz 0.4 0.25
Designed and Shifted Channel Frequencies
18
Tb (K)
O-B Bias BSF-BDF
Jan.
Apr.
May.
Jun.
Feb.
Mar.
channel 4
19
2011
Tb (K)
designed shifted MetOp
Jan.
Apr.
May.
Jun.
Feb.
Mar.
channel 4
20
Jan.
Apr.
May.
Jun.
Feb.
Mar.
Tb (K)
O-B Biaschannel 3
21
Tb (K)
BSF-BDF
Jan.
Apr.
May.
Jun.
Feb.
Mar.
Tb (K)
designed shifted NOAA-18channel 3
22
23
12-hour Orbitals (Nadir Position)
FY-3ANOAA-18
Observed Tb (K)
SNO Matchups between MetOp-A AMUS-A Channel 9 and FY-3A MWTS Channel 4 near Arctic and Antarctic
24
Without correction
With correction
Observed Tb (K)
25
SNO Matchups between NOAA-18 AMUS-A Channel 7 and FY-3A MWTS Channel 3 near Arctic and Antarctic
Without correction
With correction
Current Status of Satellite Data Exchangeat CMA
Current Status of Satellite Data Exchange at CMAData Source Domain Latency
( hour)
Satellite Instrument
NESDIS(GTS)
Global 3-9 NOAA15/16/17/18
AMSU-A/ MHS
EUMETSAT(GTS)
Global 3-7 NOAA15/16/17 AMSU-A/MHS/HIRS
EUMETSAT(GTS)
Global 3-7 NOAA19、METOP2
AMSU-A/MHS/HIRS
EUMETCAST( 11 HRPT )
NH( not China)
1-2 NOAA15/16/17/18/19
AMSU-A/MHS/HIRS
RARS(GTS, 11 HRPT)
West Pacific, Oceania,
India ocean, South Pacific
1.5 NOAA15/16/17/18/19
AMSU-A/MHS/HIRS
NSMC East Asia 0.5 NOAA16/18 AMSU-A/MHS/HIRS
EUMETcast Program: ATOVS HRPT Station Distribution
ATOVS --- Advanced TIROS Operational Vertical SounderTIROS – Television Infrared Observation SatellitesEUMETSAT --- European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological SatellitesEUMETCast --- a EUMETSAT program for dissemination of various satellite dataHRPT --- High Resolution Picture Transmission
ATOVS Data Latency
Real-Time Operational Satellite Data Exchange
Between NOAA/NESDIS and CMA/NMSC
Was Established for the First Time!
An Exciting Achievement!
One of the items in the US-China Bilateral Agreement.
NESDIS --- The National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service NOAA --- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NMSC --- The National Meteorological Satellite Center CMA --- Chinese Meteorological Admistration
FY-3A/B Data Volume
产品名称Instrument
覆盖范围Orbit
数据量Data
Volume
生成频次Frequency
微波温度计 L1数据产品Microwave Temperature Sounder
(MWTS)
轨道Orbit
0.5 MBYTE每 102分钟一次1 Orbit/102 Min
微波湿度计 L1数据产品Microwave Humidity Sounder
(MWHS)
轨道Orbit
15 MBYTE每 102分钟一次1 Orbit/102 Min
微波成像仪 L1数据产品Microwave Radiation Imager
(MWRI)
轨道Orbit
28 MBYTE每 102分钟一次1 Orbit/102 Min
红外分光计 L1数据产品Infrared Atmospheric Sounder
(IRAS)
轨道Orbit
13 MBYTE每 102分钟一次1 Orbit/102 Min
臭氧总量探测仪 L1数据产品Total Ozone-mapping Unit
(TOU)
轨道Orbit
2 MBYTE每 102分钟一次1 Orbit/102 Min
NOAA-18/19 Data Volume
产品名称Instrument
覆盖范围Orbit
数据量Data
Volume
生成频次Frequency
Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit
(AMSU)
轨道Orbit
2 MBYTE每 102分钟一次1 Orbit/102 Min
Microwave Humidity Sounder(MHS)
轨道Orbit
8 MBYTE每 102分钟一次1 Orbit/102 Min
High Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder(HIRS)
轨道Orbit
5 MBYTE每 102分钟一次1 Orbit/102 Min
Solar Backscattering Ultraviolet Spectral Radiometer(SBUV)
轨道Orbit
1 MBYTE每 102分钟一次1 Orbit/102 Min
Bandwidth/Storage Requirements
• 60 MB from FY-3A (or FY-3B) and 20 MB from NOAA-19 (or NOAA-18) data transfer volume in every 102 minutes
• 2 hour data latency time for NWP operational data ingest cutoff, 18 minutes latency time for satellite data assimilation process
• 500 GB to 1 TB RAID-5 configuration data storage server for real time data exchange
• Data are protected under privacy policy agreement by both sides
Security Protection• Network Level
• STAR Firewall only allows FTP access to data exchange server.
• Operating System Level• Host based firewall only allows incoming FTP from public servers,
however this can be further reduced to specific servers. (ingress filtering)
• Host based firewall only allows outgoing connections that are related to the incoming FTP connections. (egress filtering)
• Host based Anti-Virus and AV aware FTP software.
• Software Level:Using ProFTP with the following options:
(1) Require SSL (encrytion, AES256) for both the authentication and the data streams.
(2) Require client-side certificate and username/password login (dual-factor authentication)
Current Progress
PC Server
1Gbps
CSTnet GLORIAD
CMA Connects to
CSTnet via 1Gbps access
line
CSTnet links with
GLORIAD (Global Ring
Network for Advanced
Applications
Development )
Real connection speed is
close to T-1 line (1.5
Mb/Sec)
Current Progress
• Software packages for secure data transfer have been installed at NOAA/NESDIS/STAR
• Secure FTP data exchange tests have been conducted
Real time NOAA-19/NOAA-18 data have been post in STAR server Real time FY3-A/FY3-B data have been uploaded to STAR server Average speed is close to T-1 line at 1.5 Mb/second
Data Sharing Network
http://973.daracenter.org
Three service devices
① Data bank device② Core operational device③ Web device
① Linux standard platform
② Common data bank (MYSQL)
③ Mature software products
Open System
Fortran90 Web PHP
NOAA卫星资料
GPS RO
FY3卫星资料
CLOUDSAT
DMSP卫星资料
数据传输质量控
制
Data Bank Data Types
主动获取(按 < 规则表 > 定时访问)
被动获取(外部数据源自动发布 )
已获取的数据发
布 访问规则表
数据库MYSQL
SSMI反演系统MIRS反演系统GPS RO反演系
统绘图系统文件管理系统
其它
系统实时监控
日志与审计
Web service
Web服务
Web display
后台监听服务
Structure
MetOp卫星资料
运行环境: Linux
常规资料
温室气体资料
Home Page
Front-Page Display
完善的后台控制平台
基于角色的权限管理
43
Future Work
• FY-3 Data Processing and Applications
• Link FY-3 data to NOAA and MetOp data
for
establishing climate data record (CDR)• Assimilation of FY-3 data in GFS WRF and
Chinese GRAPES data analysis systems
• Real-Time Satellite Data Exchange Among
Different Nations
全球气候全球气候变化数据变化数据的评估的评估、同化、融合与应用、同化、融合与应用
全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划 ::
((项目编号项目编号 : : 2010CB9516002010CB951600))
Acknowledgement
This work is supported by Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology project 2010CB951600 entitled “Assessment,Assimilation, Establishment and Applications of Global