Www.ecn.nl Production of energy, biofuels and chemicals from biomass/waste gasification G. Aranda Almansa Brussels, 24 September 2015.

www.ecn.nl

Production of energy, biofuels and chemicals from biomass/waste gasification

G. Aranda AlmansaBrussels, 24 September 2015

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ECN R&D

Policy studies Solar energy Wind energy Bioenergy

Energy engineering Environment Energy

efficiency

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ECN bioenergy activities

•Characterization•Property

databases

•Torrefaction•Torwash•Pyrolysis•Fractionation•Biochar

•Combustion•Gasification•Biorefinery

•Gas cleaning•Tar removal•Gas conditioning•Separation

•Biofuels•Synthetic Natural

Gas (SNG)•Biochemicals•Power & Heat

Feedstock Pre-treatment Conversion Separation Product Synthesis

Technology development, licensing, techno-economic evaluations, LCA, consultancy, testing and analyses, due diligence

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Overview of ECN developments

Gas cleaning:

OLGAMILENA

gasification

Chemicals recovery:

BTX scrubber

Biofuels: H2, F-T, DME…

Bio-SNG production:

ESME

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Gas cleaning:

OLGAMILENA

gasification

Chemicals recovery:

BTX scrubber

Biofuels: H2, F-T, DME…

Bio-SNG production:

ESME

Overview of ECN developments

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MILENA gasification

• Highly efficient.• Complete fuel conversion.• High heating value of gas (12-15 MJ/Nm3 )

without need for ASU.• Fuel flexible, tested: wood, waste wood,

grass, straw, soya residue, RDF/SRF, sunflower husks, DDB , high-ash coal, lignite.

• Compact.• Commercially available: Royal Dahlman and

Thermax.• Scalable (> 100 MW).

www.milenatechnology.com

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MILENA and i-MILENA

Producer gas

Flue gas

Air

Biomass

Pyrolysis/ gasification

Combustion

Steam, CO2, air …

Producer gas

Flue gas

Air

Coal

Pyrolysis + gasification

Combustion

Steam

MILENA (biomass/waste) i-MILENA (coal)

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MILENA gasification

5 kg/h lab-scale facility at ECN, 2004

150 kg/h pilot facility at ECN, 2008

1 ton/h (4 MW) bio-SNG, 2016 (NL)

1 ton/h (4 MW) soya residue to power, 2014 (India)

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Gas cleaning:

OLGAGasification

MILENA

Chemicals recovery:

BTX scrubber

Biofuels: H2, F-T, DME…

Bio-SNG production:

ESME

Overview of ECN developments

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OLGA tar removal

• Based on oil scrubbing.• Modified to deal with tars from different gasifiers.• Can reduce tar dew point below 0°C.• Recycle of heavy tars.• No loss of valuable gases (CH4, ethylene, BTX).• Commercially available from Royal Dahlman.

Colle

ctor

Raw gas

Abso

rber

Strip

per

Tar-free gas

Heavy tar and particles

Light tar

www.olgatechnology.com

OLGA tar removal

2 Nm3/h lab-scale facility at ECN, connected to MILENA, 2000

2 000 Nm3/h plant in France, connected to updraft, 2006

200 Nm3/h pilot facility at ECN, connected to MILENA 2003

2 000 Nm3/h plant in India, connected to

MILENA, 20142 000 Nm3/h plant, Portugal,

connected to CFB, 2010

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Overview of ECN developments

Gas cleaning:

OLGAGasification

MILENA

Chemicals recovery:

BTX scrubber

Biofuels: H2, F-T, DME…

Bio-SNG production:

ESME

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Biomass-to-SNG

ESME system

Novel, patented technology for methanation of gas from biomass

gasification

Smart sequence of the different units

Especially designed for producer gas from

fluidized-bed gasifiers and indirect gasifiers

More efficient conversion to SNG: hydrocarbons are not removed but converted

Simultaneous HC reforming and methanation in pre-reformer heat balance

Reduced compression cost

ESME: ECN System for MEthanation

70% energy efficiency

from wood to bio-SNG

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Biomass-to-SNG

ESME system

MILENA OLGA Coolin

gBiomass

HDSPre-

reformer

Methanation

SteamH2S

removal

CO2 remova

l

Cooling

Methanation

Water remov

al

Bio-SNG to grid injection

Bio-BTX recover

y

Bio-BTX (optional)

CO2

~ 6 bar

~ 30 bar

Water

Water

Heavy tars

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Biomass to SNG500-hour test, October 2014

Number of operating hoursMILENA OLGA HDS SNG-2

580 570 560 515

Availability: - MILENA: ~90%. - MILENA + OLGA + ESME ~ 85%.

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DEMONSTRATION PLANT4 MW wood-to-SNG plant in Alkmaar (NL)

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Overview of ECN developments

Gas cleaning:

OLGAMILENA

gasification

Chemicals recovery:

BTX scrubber

Biofuels: H2, F-T, DME…

Bio-SNG production:

ESME

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• First step after OLGA tar removal.• Scrubbing process for BTX recovery• Liquid BTX product: first liter in 2014• > 95% separation.• Simplifies downstream process to

green gas and reduces cost of bio-SNG.

BTX scrubber, 2 Nm3/h

BTX recovery

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Overview of ECN developments

Gas cleaning:

OLGAMILENA

gasification

Chemicals recovery:

BTX scrubber

Biofuels: H2, F-T, DME…

Bio-SNG production:

ESME

Co-production of biofuels: H2

Gasification

Gas cleaning

Biomass

Steam

WGSH2

separationH2

Gas for heat/power/

synthesis

Excess renewable power (solar,

wind…)

Electrolysis

H2

Power-to-gas/chemicals

Gasification

Gas cleaning

Biomass Synthesis Upgrading

Bio-SNG/ biofuels/ chemicals

(e.g. methanation, F-T)

H2 separation

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Gas cleaning:

OLGAMILENA

gasification

Chemicals recovery:

BTX scrubber

Biofuels: H2, F-T, DME…

Bio-SNG production:

ESME

Outlook

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www.ecn.nl

Thanks for your attention!ECNWesterduinweg 3 P.O. Box 11755 LE Petten 1755 ZG PettenThe Netherlands The Netherlands T +31 88 515 49 49 [email protected] +31 88 515 44 80 www.ecn.nl