WRITE IN NOTEBOOK Medieval Africa: #7 Geography: Determine how geography and human interactions create culture and define regions Continue: #1 Economy:

WRITE IN NOTEBOOK

Medieval Africa: #7 Geography: Determine how geography and human interactions create culture and define regionsContinue:

#1 Economy: Recognize how universal economic concepts throughout the world influence economic behavior

#6 GovernmentEvaluate how and why people create and change systems of power

#3 Society:Determine how societies change over time

Medieval AfricaSection One:

Rise of African Civilizations

http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0078688736/student_view0/unit4/chapter13/interactive_map.html#

Africa’s Geography

Draw Africa in your notebook Show the four different climate zones

Desert Mediterranean Rain Forest Savanna

Included bodies of water Nile River Indian Ocean Atlantic Ocean Mediterranean Sea

Your Live There

Pretend you live in Africa’s ……

What jobs could you have? How do you get food? What clothing would you wear? Where are your houses? What are they made

out of? Challenges? Strengths

Create in your notebook ;)

FACTS Food Jobs Clothing

Strengths

Weakness

Rainforest

Desert

Savanna

Mediterranean

Video

Look at the colored sheets

FACTS Food Jobs Clothing

Strengths

Weakness

Rainforest

Desert

Savanna

Mediterranean

Desert

A dry, barren area of land, esp. one covered with sand

Sahara-

largest desert in the world

Savanna

• grassy, tree-dotted plain known for animals

Mediterranean

• A climate distinguished by warm, wet winters under prevailing westerly winds and calm, hot, dry summers.

Rain Forest

• dense forest found in tropical areas of heavy rainfall. The trees are broad-leaved and evergreen, and the vegetation tends to grow in three layers (undergrowth, intermediate trees and shrubs, and very tall trees, which form a canopy)

Can you answer?

How does Africa’s geography (desert, rainforest etc) affect Africans’ way of life? Housing Clothing Jobs Education Travel

How do you come to power with

these resources?

Senegal River

Savanna Climate

Iron Weapons

Had Gold

Needed Salt

People traveled through your area

The Rise of African Civilizations: Western African Empires

Rise of Ghana

Rise of Mali

Rise of Songhai

The Rise of African Civilizations: Western African Empires Jigsaw?

Rise of Ghana

•A crossroads of trade•Traders to pass through had to pay a tax making Ghana rich

• Ghana made iron weapons to conquer• Ghana built a huge army• People would pay to trade salt/gold

• West Africans needed salt for food• West Africans needed salt for their bodies

Rise of Mali

Rise of Songhai

The Rise of African Civilizations: Western African Empires Jigsaw?

Rise of Ghana •A crossroads of trade•Traders to pass through had to pay a tax making Ghana rich

• Ghana made iron weapons to conquer• Ghana built a huge army• People would pay to trade salt/gold

• West Africans needed salt for food• West Africans needed salt for their bodies

Rise of Mali

Downfall of GhanaDiscovery of new gold mines outside their control reduced taxesHeavy farming robbed the soil of mineralsConstant fighting

Conquering GhanaGriots- storytellersCredit to Sundiata Keita- “Lion Prince” Seized the capital of GhanaWon control of the lands from Atlantic coast to Timbuktu

Mali controlControl of gold-miningRebuild the gold and salt trade

Rise of Songhai

The Rise of African Civilizations: Western African Empires Jigsaw?

Rise of Ghana •A crossroads of trade•Traders to pass through had to pay a tax making Ghana rich

• Ghana made iron weapons to conquer• Ghana built a huge army• People would pay to trade salt/gold

• West Africans needed salt for food• West Africans needed salt for their bodies

Rise of Mali

Rise of Songhai

Downfall of MaliFollowing the death of Mansa Musa (last strong leader)Conquerors weren’t stopped by Mali leaders

Seizing Power with Sunni AliStormed into Timbuktu and drove out BerbersBegan a campaign of conquest using locationBuilt the largest empire in West AfricaControlled the trade routes

Downfall of SonghaiLasted more than 100 years flowing Sunni Ali’s deathArmy from Morococo with new technologies destroyed the empire

Rise of African Empires: Kingdoms of the Rain Forest

Try at your table:

Africa’s rain forest blocked invaders and provided reinforcements

Advantages

Artisans

Border kingdoms

Rise of African Empires: Kingdoms of the Rain Forest

Africa’s rain forest blocked invaders and provided reinforcements

Advantages Rain forest kept out invaders Farmers enjoyed many natural advantages

Soil Warm, wet climate Some surplus provided

Artisans Food surpluses supported the arts Weavers, sculpting, carving

Border kingdoms Traded copper, salt and leather goods for food

Rises of African Empires: East Africa

Rise of Axum

City –state of the empire AbyssiniaStrength came from the Red Sea

Lots of goods from the seaAllows for great trade

Fighting for trade routesFought Kush for trade routes inlandKing Ezana defeated the Kush armies

New ReligionEzana brought Christianity to the areaIslam followed 100 years later

Coastal City-States

Great Zimbabwe

Rises of African Empires: East Africa

Rise of Axum City –state of the empire AbyssiniaStrength came from the Red Sea

Lots of goods from the seaAllows for great trade

Fighting for trade routesFought Kush for trade routes inlandKing Ezana defeated the Kush armies

New ReligionEzana brought Christianity to the areaIslam followed 100 years later

Coastal City-States

Arab dhows (sails powered sailboats) allowed them to travel to AfricaArab Muslims settle in East African city-states

Sharing of goods and ideasTrading ports rise up along the East coastMajor connection in Indian Ocean trading

Great Zimbabwe

Rises of African Empires: East Africa

Rise of Axum City –state of the empire AbyssiniaStrength came from the Red Sea

Lots of goods from the seaAllows for great trade

Fighting for trade routesFought Kush for trade routes inlandKing Ezana defeated the Kush armies

New ReligionEzana brought Christianity to the areaIslam followed 100 years later

Coastal City-States Arab dhows (sails powered sailboats) allowed them to travel to AfricaArab Muslims settle in East African city-states

Sharing of goods and ideasTrading ports rise up along the East coastMajor connection in Indian Ocean trading

Great Zimbabwe

Southeastern AfricaSupplied gold, copper and ivory to East African coastTwo kings

Mutota and MatopeLarge empire stretching from south of Zambezi River to Indian Ocean

Remains300 stone buildings stand

Venn Diagram pgs 448-453 Create a venn diagram that shows:

Similarities Differences Between: Western Africa, Rain Forest, East

Africa Focus on Rise of the kingdoms three facts for each kingdom one similarity