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Lewis (1991) has made some interesting points about television. He says that during an hour-long TV program, the odds of coming up with the same readings are low.
But let’s see...
Television
Television
The ASF Dancers are beautiful.
Television
Ooooh. Lots of cash and goodies. I want that.
Television
Pokwang looks hilarious.
Television
The Ultra stampede is a sad event.
TelevisionTelevision has the potential to influence people. And, like any other object in the semiological universe,it makes no sense until someone looks at or listens to it.
Concepts to be ReviewedConcepts to be Reviewed
Ideology
represents the imaginary relationship of individuals to their real conditions of existence (Althusser).
false consciousness imposed by the ruling class to the lower classes (Marx).
Interpellation
process by which we are constructed by ideologies that speak to us everyday through language and images (Althusser).
Hegemony
dominant ideologies are presented as common sense and that dominant ideologies are in tension with other forces and constantly in flux (Gramsci).
All throughout this slide show, we will see how a show such as Wowowee is full of interesting ideologies.
Fun games with high price at stake, different performances (production numbers) by known actors and actresses, and has drama too.
Festivity
Sexy and good Dancers They perform amazing stunts and dances. It adds to their festive theme. They all smile at the camera. They wear sexy, revealing and bright-colored costumes
Lively songs Genre: Novelty Catchy songs They sing same songs everyday.
Aesthetically pleasing
Colorful set/stage Colorful lights High-tech props & gadgets
Variety ShowVariety Show
The Kapamilyas Hosts
Willie Revillame (main host) He is a famous comedian. He is the leader. Since they saying that they are the people’s kapamilya, the
patriarchal system is shown. Mariel Rodriguez, Lara Quigaman, Valerie Conception (co-hosts)
Young beautiful ladies with high-pitched voices They dress up like they are attending parties.
Pokwang, RR (co-hosts, comediennes) They are overdressed. They use carabao english to be funny.
Guest hosts Special guest hosts are invited on special occasions for special reasons like
promoting a movie or teleserye
Audience/Crowd A mixture of the different classes of society but most are the “poor”
Foreigners Filipino TFC Subscribers from abroad Middle class Lower class Poorest of the poor
gets to be the contestants for some contests
Charitable institution They give money to the poor. They are mediators of conflicts in the different families. They help families find their lost member. They help those who are in need of medical assistance.
Advertiser They promote health and beauty products, artists, shows, movies, food, etc.
CAST OF WOWOWEECAST OF WOWOWEE
CAST OF WOWOWEECAST OF WOWOWEE
CAST OF WOWOWEECAST OF WOWOWEE
CAST OF WOWOWEECAST OF WOWOWEE
Family values
Idea of Fun and Humor
Concept of Generosity
Concept of Beauty
Concept of hope for a better future (through Wowowee)
Fashion
Voyeurism – pleasure and power of looking
SOME IDEOLOGIES RELATED TO THE CAST
The GamesThe Games
The games are generally the same. Contestants start our with nothing, and goes through the game answering questions correctly.
Sometimes, the answer is just a guess, but that’s enough for someone to win.
There are also cases when there are no winners. Tough luck for them.
The GamesThe Games
The games seem so normal, but in reality, they are a thriving site for ideology formation and distribution.
Capitalism
Justification of class structure
Filipino interests
Filipino values like perseverance
Concept of an easy way out of poverty
Concept of Hope
Happiness is achieved by winning prizes
SOME IDEOLOGIES SOME IDEOLOGIES RELATED TO THE GAMESRELATED TO THE GAMES
Let us remember that hegemony happens when there are dominant ideologies.
However, it’s not as simple as something being imposed by the people on top.
SOME IDEOLOGIES SOME IDEOLOGIES RELATED TO THE GAMESRELATED TO THE GAMES
In Fiske’s book (1987) Gramsci was mentioned as treating hegemony as a compromise equilibrium where there is resistance and incorporation
Fiske himself said that culture is a site for struggle, things aren’t completely decided by those on top.
SOME IDEOLOGIES SOME IDEOLOGIES RELATED TO THE GAMESRELATED TO THE GAMES
An interesting example is the capitalist ideology. Apparently, this is one of the ideologies behind game shows.
SOME IDEOLOGIES SOME IDEOLOGIES RELATED TO THE GAMESRELATED TO THE GAMES
Remember that capitalism is “an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market.” (Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, 2005)
Capitalist Ideology
As a way of thinking, Hooker (1996, par 8) explains in the Washington State University that:
“Capitalism is fundamentally based on the Enlightenment idea of progress; the large-scale social goal of unregulated capitalism is to produce wealth, that is, to make the national economy wealthier and more affluent than it normally would be. Therefore, in a concept derived whole-cloth from the idea of progress, the entire structure of capitalism as a way of thinking is built on the idea of "economic growth." This economic growth has no prescribed end; the purpose is for nations to grow steadily wealthier.”
Capitalist Ideology
So back to Wowowee.
The prizes in wowowee are cash, houses, jeepneys, tricycles.
Clearly, economic wealth is given to winners.
Capitalist Ideology
Capitalist Ideology
Even the mechanics of the game reflect capitalist views.
First, the contestants are all different, but equal in opportunity. Just like in life.
Capitalist Ideology
Those who know the answer can move on to the next round.
Similarly, those of natural talent will rise up the economic class.
Capitalist Ideology
Some people win the prize, some go home.
Capitalist Ideology
People get rich because they deserve it.
When people are poor, it must be because of their natural deficiencies.
Capitalist Ideology
This ideology naturalizes the class system.
The Role of Luck
Absolutely everyone has a chance to rise up through the power system.
Luck provides an ideologically acceptable explanation of success and failure.
Stampede
Wilyonaryo
Censorship
ISSUES FACED BY ISSUES FACED BY WOWOWEEWOWOWEE
ULTRA STAMPEDEULTRA STAMPEDE
WILYONARYO SCANDALWILYONARYO SCANDAL
ASF DANCER INCIDENTASF DANCER INCIDENT
Right and Wrong
Poverty
Hope
Justice
Sympathy
Morality
SOME IDEOLOGIES SOME IDEOLOGIES RELATED TO THE ISSUES IN RELATED TO THE ISSUES IN
WOWOWEEWOWOWEE
In the essay Viewers Making Meaning, concepts are said to be introduced and embedded in our brains through repetition. Ever since we were children, we have seen these things, absorbed these ideas. It’s the only way to think and people know.
How are we led into believing How are we led into believing these things??these things??
Fiske, John. (1987). Television culture. London: Routledge.
Francisco, Jose Mario S. J. (2000). A local genealogy of desire: Aliw sa buhay Pilipino. In S. Reyes, (Ed.) Aliw: Selected essays on popular culture (pp. 14-24). Manila: DLSU Press.
Lewis, Justin. (1991). The ideological octopus: An exploration of television and its audience. New York: Routledge.
Lumbera, Bienvenido. (1984). Revaluation : essays on Philippine literature, cinema and popular culture. Quezon City: Index Press.
Storey, John. (1999). Cultural consumption and everyday life. London: Arnold.
Santiago, Erwin. (2008). TV Ratings: "Wowowee" and "Marimar" led NUTAM ratings last February. Retrieved May 12, 2008, fromhttp://www.pep.ph/news/16683/TV-Ratings:-Wowowee-and-Marimar-led-NUTAM-ratings-last-February/12.
BIBLIOGRAPHYBIBLIOGRAPHY
capitalism. (2005). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.Retrieved May 12, 2008, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/capitalism
Santiago, Erwin. (2008). TV Ratings: "Wowowee" and "Marimar" led NUTAM ratings last February. Retrieved May 12, 2008, fromhttp://www.pep.ph/news/16683/TV-Ratings:-Wowowee-and-Marimar-led-NUTAM-ratings-last-February/12.
Hooker, Richard. (1996). Capitalism. Retrieved May 12, 2008 fromhttp://www.wsu.edu/~dee/GLOSSARY/CAPITAL.HTM
BIBLIOGRAPHYBIBLIOGRAPHY
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