World War II: On the Homefront Make sure you have a copy of the Homefront Cornell Notes! Warm Up: Look at the Dr. Seuss cartoon on the left. What is the.

World War II: On the World War II: On the HomefrontHomefront

Make sure you have a copy of the Homefront Cornell Notes!

Warm Up: Look at the Dr. Seuss cartoon on the left. What is the tone of this piece? What do you think Dr. Seuss’s message is?

Before he became a famous children's author, Theodor Seuss Geisel, who took the pen name "Dr. Seuss", honed the humane views that informed all his art as cartoonist for the liberal New York City journal, PM. A Jew and a man of strong sympathy for those being mistreated, Dr. Seuss was particularly troubled by isolationist resistance to helping the victims of Nazism. Here in 1941, he skewers the America First Movement as a prissy, self-satisfied old lady with proper manners but a cold heart.

SECTION 1

The Search for PeaceThe Search for Peace

Many Americans worried about entering another foreign conflict.

Americans’ Concerns After World War I

The United States follows a foreign policy of partial isolationism. The country declines membership in the League of Nations and the World Court.

U.S. Foreign Policy After World War I

American American IsolationismIsolationism

Americans, disillusioned by their World War I experiences, overwhelmingly opposed involvement in foreign conflict and, except for some incursions into Latin America, adopted an isolationist policy of neutrality.

American Interventionism

• As fascist aggression continued, some Americans, including President Franklin Roosevelt, advocated a more direct and active engagement in international affairs.

• However, others continued to ignore the problems over in Europe.

The National DebateThe National Debate• Playing out the

nationwide debate between interventionists and isolationists, a soldier grabs a picket sign from a peace activist in front of the White House in 1941.

• For a time, it appeared as though the isolationists had the upper hand. Conflicts in Europe and Asia occurred a vast distance away and—still engulfed in the Depression—the United States seemed to already have its hands full.

The Lend-Lease ActThe Lend-Lease Act• To continue battling

Germany, Britain needed American equipment. Britain, however, faced a financial crisis. They were nearly bankrupt.

• In December, 1940, Roosevelt proposed providing war supplies to Britain without any payment in return.

• The Lend-Lease Act was passed, which authorized the President to aid any nation whose defense he believed was vital to American security

The U.S. Enters the War

American isolationism disappeared on

December 7, 1941, when Japanese aircraft attacked the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

WWII Comes to WWII Comes to AmericaAmerica

• After Pearl Harbor, After Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt, President Roosevelt, with Executive Order with Executive Order 9066, forced over 9066, forced over 120,000 Japense and 120,000 Japense and Japanese Americans to Japanese Americans to move to internment move to internment camps.camps.

• This was to assure This was to assure Americans who were Americans who were afraid of the Japanese afraid of the Japanese amassing an attack on amassing an attack on US soil again.US soil again.

Japanese American Relocation Centers

Ration Ration BooksBooks• In the United States, In the United States, in order to get ready in order to get ready for war, used the for war, used the rationing systemrationing system

• People could only People could only buy so much buy so much gasoline, rubber, gasoline, rubber, and were and were encouraged to not encouraged to not use sugar and to use sugar and to grow victory grow victory gardens, or their gardens, or their own vegetables so own vegetables so that soldiers could that soldiers could get fresh onesget fresh ones

Ration Book Front CoverRation Book Front Cover

Ration Book Back CoverRation Book Back Cover

The following is a set of instructions that came with every The following is a set of instructions that came with every book:book: Your first ration book has been issued to you, originally containing Your first ration book has been issued to you, originally containing 28 war ration stamps. Other books may be issued at later dates. 28 war ration stamps. Other books may be issued at later dates. The following instructions apply to your first book and will apply to The following instructions apply to your first book and will apply to any later books, unless otherwise ordered by the Office of Price any later books, unless otherwise ordered by the Office of Price administration. In order to obtain a later book, the first book must administration. In order to obtain a later book, the first book must be turned in. You should preserve War Rations Books with the be turned in. You should preserve War Rations Books with the greatest possible care. greatest possible care.

1) From the time the Office of Price Administration may issue orders 1) From the time the Office of Price Administration may issue orders rationing certain products. After the dates indicated by such rationing certain products. After the dates indicated by such orders, these products can be purchased only through the use of orders, these products can be purchased only through the use of War rations Books containing valid War Ration Stamps. War rations Books containing valid War Ration Stamps.

2) The orders of the Office of Price Administration will designate the 2) The orders of the Office of Price Administration will designate the stamps to be used for the purchase of a particular rationed stamps to be used for the purchase of a particular rationed product, the period during which each of these stamps may be product, the period during which each of these stamps may be used, and the amounts which may be bought with each stamp. used, and the amounts which may be bought with each stamp.

3) Stamps become valid for use only when and as directed by the 3) Stamps become valid for use only when and as directed by the Orders of the Office of Price Administration. Orders of the Office of Price Administration.

4) Unless otherwise announced, the Ration Week is from Saturday 4) Unless otherwise announced, the Ration Week is from Saturday midnight to the following Saturday midnightmidnight to the following Saturday midnight . .

5) War Ration stamps may be used in any retail store in the United 5) War Ration stamps may be used in any retail store in the United States. States. 6) War Ration Stamps may be used only by or for the person named 6) War Ration Stamps may be used only by or for the person named and described in the War Ration Book. and described in the War Ration Book. 7) Every person must see that this War Ration Book is kept in a safe 7) Every person must see that this War Ration Book is kept in a safe place and properly used. Parents are responsible for the place and properly used. Parents are responsible for the safekeeping and use of their children's War Ration Book. safekeeping and use of their children's War Ration Book.

8) When you buy any rationed product, the proper stamp must 8) When you buy any rationed product, the proper stamp must be detached in the presence of the storekeeper, his employee, or be detached in the presence of the storekeeper, his employee, or the person making the delivery on his behalf. If a stamp is torn the person making the delivery on his behalf. If a stamp is torn out of the War Ration Book in any other way than above out of the War Ration Book in any other way than above indicated, it becomes void. If a stamp is partly torn or mutilated indicated, it becomes void. If a stamp is partly torn or mutilated and more than one half of it remains in the book, it is valid. and more than one half of it remains in the book, it is valid. Otherwise it becomes void. Otherwise it becomes void.

9) If your War Ration Book is lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated, 9) If your War Ration Book is lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated, you should report that fact to the local Ration Board. you should report that fact to the local Ration Board.

10) If you enter a hospital, or other institution, and expect to be 10) If you enter a hospital, or other institution, and expect to be there for more than 10 days, you must turn your War Ration Book there for more than 10 days, you must turn your War Ration Book over to the person in charge. It will be returned to you upon your over to the person in charge. It will be returned to you upon your request when you leave. request when you leave.

11) When a person dies, his War Ration Book must be returned to 11) When a person dies, his War Ration Book must be returned to the local Ration Board, in accordance with the regulations. the local Ration Board, in accordance with the regulations.

12) If you have any complaints, questions, or difficulties regarding 12) If you have any complaints, questions, or difficulties regarding your War Ration Book, consult your local Ration Board. your War Ration Book, consult your local Ration Board.

NOTENOTEThe first stamps in War Ration Book One will be used for the The first stamps in War Ration Book One will be used for the purchase of sugar. When this book was issued, the registrar purchase of sugar. When this book was issued, the registrar asked you, or the person who applied for your book, how much asked you, or the person who applied for your book, how much sugar you owned on that date. If you had any sugar, you were sugar you owned on that date. If you had any sugar, you were allowed to keep it, but stamps representing this quantity were allowed to keep it, but stamps representing this quantity were torn from your group (except for a small amount which you were torn from your group (except for a small amount which you were allowed to keep without loosing any stamps). If your War Ration allowed to keep without loosing any stamps). If your War Ration Book one was issued to you on application by a member of your Book one was issued to you on application by a member of your family, the number of stamps torn from the books of the family family, the number of stamps torn from the books of the family was based on the amount of sugar owned by the family, and was was based on the amount of sugar owned by the family, and was divided as equally as possible among all the books. divided as equally as possible among all the books.

People standing in line for People standing in line for sugarsugar

War Production BoardWar Production Board

National War Labor BoardNational War Labor Board

Women in Women in WWIIWWII

• Rosie the RiveterRosie the Riveter-represented -represented women women workers in workers in WWIIWWII

WAVES-Women’s NavyWAVES-Women’s Navy