World War II Hitler’s preparation for Lightning War Hitler’s desire for the Polish Corridor A. spoke in front of the Reichstag to explain need for Polish.

World War IIWorld War II

Hitler’s preparation for Lightning Hitler’s preparation for Lightning WarWar

Hitler’s desire for the Polish CorridorHitler’s desire for the Polish CorridorA. spoke in front of the Reichstag to explain A. spoke in front of the Reichstag to explain

need for Polish Corridor (8/28/1939)need for Polish Corridor (8/28/1939)

B. Used nonaggression pact with USSR B. Used nonaggression pact with USSR

C. Why Poland?C. Why Poland?

September 1, 1931 attack on September 1, 1931 attack on Poland – “blitzkrieg” Poland – “blitzkrieg”

wiped out Polishwiped out Polish

tanks brought 1.5 million soldierstanks brought 1.5 million soldiers

Sept., 3 1939 France and Great Britain Sept., 3 1939 France and Great Britain declare war on Germanydeclare war on Germany

4.Poland4.Poland

““Phony War” Phony War”

1. French and British mobilized their troops 1. French and British mobilized their troops along the Maginot Linealong the Maginot Line

2. Hitler swung troops northeastern France 2. Hitler swung troops northeastern France and Luxembourg to Belgiumand Luxembourg to Belgium

France falls to Nazis France falls to Nazis

1. Italy declares War on France and Great 1. Italy declares War on France and Great Britain on June 10, 1940Britain on June 10, 1940

2. Divided into 2 seperate areas:2. Divided into 2 seperate areas:

Northern France (2/3)Northern France (2/3)

Vichy France (1/3) Petain who was seen Vichy France (1/3) Petain who was seen as traitoras traitor

Freedom fighters:Freedom fighters:

Germany’s attack on Great Britain Germany’s attack on Great Britain

1. 1. Operation Sea LionOperation Sea Lion (1940) – Hitler’s plan (1940) – Hitler’s plan

2. Great Britain:2. Great Britain:

3. 3. Battle of BritainBattle of Britain: began July 1940: began July 1940

4. Late Aug., Great Britain bombed Berlin4. Late Aug., Great Britain bombed Berlin

5.late 1040 Hitler retreats ** 1st major victory for 5.late 1040 Hitler retreats ** 1st major victory for Allied powers Allied powers

United States aidUnited States aid

1.1939 Roosevelt: cash-carry policy1.1939 Roosevelt: cash-carry policy2. gave GB 50 destroyers for 99 yr leases2. gave GB 50 destroyers for 99 yr leases3. 1940 1st military draft during peace time3. 1940 1st military draft during peace time4. March 1941 Lend-Lease Act:4. March 1941 Lend-Lease Act:

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5. by 1941 German subs ordered to be shot 5. by 1941 German subs ordered to be shot downdown

War in the Balkans and the Soviet War in the Balkans and the Soviet UnionUnion

1.Bulgaria,Romania,Hungary cooperate with 1.Bulgaria,Romania,Hungary cooperate with Axis powersAxis powers

2. Greece and Yugoslavia invaded April 4, 2. Greece and Yugoslavia invaded April 4, 19411941

3. Invasion of the Soviet Union3. Invasion of the Soviet Union

Attack on North Africa Attack on North Africa

Germany and Italy attack Germany and Italy attack – MussoliniMussolini– ““Desert Fox”Desert Fox”– 1942 Battle at El Alamein 1942 Battle at El Alamein – Eisenhower drove east from Morocco and Eisenhower drove east from Morocco and

AlgeriaAlgeria– 1943 Axis forced to surrender:1943 Axis forced to surrender:

Invasion of the USSRInvasion of the USSR

Germany attacks Greece and YugoslaviaGermany attacks Greece and Yugoslavia

Operation BabarossaOperation Babarossa

Desire Leningrad (north), Moscow (center) and Desire Leningrad (north), Moscow (center) and Ukraine (south)Ukraine (south)

Leningrad winter of 1941-42Leningrad winter of 1941-42

Churchill: anyone who fight the Nazi = AlliedChurchill: anyone who fight the Nazi = Allied– Aid to Soviets difficultAid to Soviets difficult

Battle of Stalingrad 1942Battle of Stalingrad 1942

Invasion of ItalyInvasion of Italy

Churchill attacks from North Africa Churchill attacks from North Africa – 1. July 9, 1943 invade shores of Sicily 1. July 9, 1943 invade shores of Sicily – 2. call for Mussolini’s resignation/ arrested 2. call for Mussolini’s resignation/ arrested

July 25, 1943July 25, 1943– 3. Italy renounces pact with Hitler/ all out 3. Italy renounces pact with Hitler/ all out

againstagainst

Hitler invades Italy to stop allies Hitler invades Italy to stop allies

Invasion of France Invasion of France

^ 2 million infantry soldiers and over 1 ^ 2 million infantry soldiers and over 1 million soldiers for sea and air attacks million soldiers for sea and air attacks

Phony attack on CalisisPhony attack on Calisis

June 6 1944 – D- day June 6 1944 – D- day

Aug. 1944: German retreat from Paris/ Aug. 1944: German retreat from Paris/ Aug. 24 enter ParisAug. 24 enter Paris

Collapse of the 3Collapse of the 3rdrd Reich Reich

A. war on 2 frontsA. war on 2 frontsB. Hitler refuse to surrenderB. Hitler refuse to surrender

1. suicide April 30, 19451. suicide April 30, 1945C. Mussolini assassinated April 28C. Mussolini assassinated April 28D. FDR dies April 12D. FDR dies April 12E. Berlin surrenders May 2 to Soviets E. Berlin surrenders May 2 to Soviets May 7th full surrenderMay 7th full surrender

Japans conquers Asian EmpireJapans conquers Asian Empire

Wanted control of all Asian tradingWanted control of all Asian trading– War with China hurts financiallyWar with China hurts financially

Threatened U.S. interestThreatened U.S. interest

Attack on Pearl HarborAttack on Pearl Harbor

1941 5 year non-aggression pact with the 1941 5 year non-aggression pact with the USSRUSSR

Didn’t believe the U.S. was ready for warDidn’t believe the U.S. was ready for war

Japanese code “MAGIC”Japanese code “MAGIC”

Dec. 7, 1941 D-dayDec. 7, 1941 D-day– Dec 8 war on JapanDec 8 war on Japan– Dec 11 war on Germany Dec 11 war on Germany

War in the PacificWar in the Pacific

Japanese attack the Philippines, Guam, Japanese attack the Philippines, Guam, Burma, Thailand, and SingaporeBurma, Thailand, and Singapore

Australia last resistance in PacificAustralia last resistance in Pacific

Battle of the Coral Sea May 1942Battle of the Coral Sea May 1942

Battle of the Midway June 1942Battle of the Midway June 1942

““Island hopping”Island hopping”

End in the PacificEnd in the Pacific

Long range guns against JapaneseLong range guns against Japanese

Allied leaders feel attack wrongAllied leaders feel attack wrong

KamikazesKamikazes

President Truman – use of bomb?President Truman – use of bomb?

September 2, 1945 Emperor Hirohito September 2, 1945 Emperor Hirohito orders surrenderorders surrender

HolocaustHolocaust

Persecution of Jews Persecution of Jews By 1932 Jews fled Germany in fear of By 1932 Jews fled Germany in fear of what would happenwhat would happenKristalnachtKristalnachtGhettosGhettosConcentration campsConcentration campsFinal Solution : Final Solution : GenocideGenocide