WORLD WAR II “Germany must either be a world power or there will be no Germany” Adolph Hitler 'Mein Kampf'
Apr 01, 2015
WORLD WAR II“Germany must either be a world power or there will be no Germany” Adolph Hitler 'Mein Kampf'
World War II: Causes
World War II: Causes•The Treaty of Versailles:
▫Never fully enforced by countries that signed the treaty.
▫Weak peace in Europe.
World War II: Causes•The Treaty of Versailles:
▫Never fully enforced by countries that signed the treaty.
▫Weak peace in Europe.•The League of Nations:
▫U.S. didn’t join
World War II: Causes•The Treaty of Versailles:
▫Never fully enforced by countries that signed the treaty.
▫Weak peace in Europe.•The League of Nations:
▫U.S. didn’t join•Economic Depression in Europe:
▫People lost their jobs and stores had very little to sell.
▫People very scared about their future.
Germany’s role:
Germany’s role:
•The Nazi Party promised jobs, increased services, and military might.
Germany’s role:
•The Nazi Party promised jobs, increased services, and military might.•January 30, 1933: Adolf Hitler appointed
chancellor of Germany
Germany’s role:
•The Nazi Party promised jobs, increased services, and military might.•January 30, 1933: Adolf Hitler appointed
chancellor of Germany▫3/23/33: Enabling Act is passed: gives
Hitler absolute power for 4 years.▫Blames Jews and Gypsies for all of
Germany’s problems.▫Germany needed “Lebensraum” (living
space)
Germany’s role: 1934
Germany’s role: 1934
•6/30/34: Night of the Long Knives: Hitler’s personal guard, the SS, kills about 1,000 people who have “plotted against Hitler”.
Germany’s role: 1934
•6/30/34: Night of the Long Knives: Hitler’s personal guard, the SS, kills about 1,000 people who have “plotted against Hitler”.
•Creates the Gestapo: Secret police.
Germany’s role: 1934
•6/30/34: Night of the Long Knives: Hitler’s personal guard, the SS, kills about 1,000 people who have “plotted against Hitler”.
•Creates the Gestapo: Secret police.•Permanent labor camps are built.
Germany’s role: 1935
Germany’s role: 1935
•January 1935: Saar plebiscite: Saar valley “vote” on whether to be French or German ….. Germany wins the election.
Germany’s role: 1935
•January 1935: Saar plebiscite: Saar valley “vote” on whether to be French or German ….. Germany wins the election. Treaty of Versailles said this should happen!!
Germany’s role: 1936
Germany’s role: 1936
•3/7/36: Hitler sends troops into the Rhineland.
Germany’s role: 1936
•3/7/36: Hitler sends troops into the Rhineland.▫Goes against the Treaty of Versailles!
Germany’s role: 1938
Germany’s role: 1938
•3/11/38: Hitler threatens the Austrian government
Germany’s role: 1938
•3/11/38: Hitler threatens the Austrian government
•3/13/38: The Anschluss: Hitler annexes Austria
Germany’s role: 1938
•3/11/38: Hitler threatens the Austrian government
•3/13/38: The Anschluss: Hitler annexes Austria ▫Goes against the Treaty of Versailles.
Germany’s role: 1938
•3/11/38: Hitler threatens the Austrian government
•3/13/38: The Anschluss: Hitler annexes Austria ▫Goes against the Treaty of Versailles.
•9/29/38: Munich conference (Germany, Italy, Great Britain, and France) allows Germany to occupy the Sudetenland (was Czechoslovakia) ▫Policy of appeasement:
Germany’s role: 1939
Germany’s role: 1939
•March 1939: All of Czechoslovakia is occupied by German forces.
Germany’s role: 1939
•March 1939: All of Czechoslovakia is occupied by German forces.
•3/31/39: France and Great Britain guarantee to support Poland.
Germany’s role: 1939
•3/39: All of Czechoslovakia is occupied by German forces.
•3/31/39: France and Great Britain guarantee to support Poland.
•4/7/39: Italy invades and annexes Albania.•8/23/39: Molotov – von Ribbentrop Pact is
signed (Soviet Union and Germany non-aggression pact)
World War II: 1939
•9/1/39: Germany invades Poland.
World War II: 1939
•9/1/39: Germany invades Poland.•9/3/39: Great Britain and France declare
war on Germany.
World War II: 1939
•9/1/39: Germany invades Poland.•9/3/39: Great Britain and France declare
war on Germany.•9/17/39: Soviet Union sends troops to
Poland.
World War II: 1939
•9/1/39: Germany invades Poland.•9/3/39: Great Britain and France declare
war on Germany.•9/17/39: Soviet Union sends troops to
Poland.•9/28/39: Poland surrenders to Germany.
World War II: 1939
•9/1/39: Germany invades Poland.•9/3/39: Great Britain and France declare
war on Germany.•9/17/39: Soviet Union sends troops to
Poland.•9/28/39: Poland surrenders to Germany.•11/30/39 Soviet Union invades Finland.
World War II: 1940
World War II: 1940
•4/9/40: Germany invades Denmark and Norway.▫Denmark surrenders on 4/9 and Norway on
6/9.
World War II: 1940
•4/9/40: Germany invades Denmark and Norway.▫Denmark surrenders on 4/9 and Norway on
6/9.•5/10/40: Germany attacks France, The
Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Belgium.▫Luxembourg surrenders on 5/10, The
Netherlands on 5/14, and Belgium 5/28.
World War II: 1940
•4/9/40: Germany invades Denmark and Norway.▫Denmark surrenders on 4/9 and Norway on
6/9.•5/10/40: Germany attacks France, The
Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Belgium.▫Luxembourg surrenders on 5/10, The
Netherlands on 5/14, and Belgium 5/28.•6/10/40: Italy invades Southern France.
World War II: 1940
•6/22/40: France surrenders.▫Same railroad car is used that was used to
have Germany sign their surrender ending WWI.
World War II: 1940
•6/22/40: France surrenders.▫Same railroad car is used that was used to
have Germany sign their surrender ending WWI.
World War II: 1940
•6/22/40: France surrenders.▫Same railroad car is used that was used to
have Germany sign their surrender ending WWI.
•7/10 to 10/31: Battle of Britain: Ends in German “defeat”.
World War II: 1940
•6/22/40: France surrenders.▫Same railroad car is used that was used to
have Germany sign their surrender ending WWI.
•7/10 to 10/31: Battle of Britain: Ends in German “defeat”.
•9/13/40: Italy invades Egypt.
World War II: 1940
•6/22/40: France surrenders.▫Same railroad car is used that was used to
have Germany sign their surrender ending WWI.
•7/10 to 10/31: Battle of Britain: Ends in German “defeat”.
•9/13/40: Italy invades Egypt.•9/27/40: Germany, Italy, and Japan sign
the Tripartite Pact.
World War II: 1940
•6/22/40: France surrenders.▫Same railroad car is used that was used to
have Germany sign their surrender ending WWI.
•7/10 to 10/31: Battle of Britain: Ends in German “defeat”.
•9/13/40: Italy invades Egypt.•9/27/40: Germany, Italy, and Japan sign
the Tripartite Pact.•10/28/40: Italy invades Greece.
World War II: 1940
•6/22/40: France surrenders.▫Same railroad car is used that was used to have
Germany sign their surrender ending WWI.•7/10 to 10/31: Battle of Britain: Ends in
German “defeat”.•9/13/40: Italy invades Egypt.•9/27/40: Germany, Italy, and Japan sign the
Tripartite Pact.•10/28/40: Italy invades Greece.•11/40: Slovakia, Hungary, and Romania join
the Axis.
World War II: 1941
World War II: 1941
•3/1/41: Bulgaria joins the Axis.
World War II: 1941
•3/1/41: Bulgaria joins the Axis.•4/6/41: Germany, Hungary, and Italy
invade Yugoslavia and Greece.
World War II: 1941
•6/22/41: Operation Barbarosa begins at 3:30 A.M.
World War II: 1941
•6/22/41: Operation Barbarosa begins at 3:30 A.M.▫ Germany invades the Soviet Union with
3 million troops 3,500 tanks More than 7,000 artillery More than 2,000 aircraft
World War II: 1941
•6/22/41: Operation Barbarosa begins at 3:30 A.M.▫ Germany invades the Soviet Union with
3 million troops 3,500 tanks More than 7,000 artillery More than 2,000 aircraft
▫ Goal is Lebensraum (living space) Agricultural areas Mineral resources Established industry
World War II: 1941
•6/22/41: Operation Barbarosa begins at 3:30 A.M.▫ Day 1: 1,600 Soviet planes destroyed.▫ Panzer units (tanks) move 50 miles per
day.
World War II: 1941
•6/22/41: Operation Barbarosa begins at 3:30 A.M.▫ Day 1: 1,600 Soviet planes destroyed.▫ Panzer units (tanks) move 50 miles per
day.•By early December:
▫ German loses = 740,000▫ Soviet loses = 3,000,000 and 3,500,000
captured.
World War II: 1941
•12/7/41: Japan attacks the U.S. at Pearl Harbor Hawaii.
World War II: 1941
•12/7/41: Japan attacks the U.S. at Pearl Harbor Hawaii.
•12/8/41: U.S. declares war on Japan
World War II: 1941
•12/7/41: Japan attacks the U.S. at Pearl Harbor Hawaii.
•12/8/41: U.S. declares war on Japan•12/11/41: All axis powers declare war on
U.S.
World War II: 1942
World War II: 1942
•8/19/42 to 1/31/43: Siege of Stalingrad:
World War II: 1942
•8/19/42 to 1/31/43: Siege of Stalingrad:▫ Stalin refuses to allow retreat (draws a line in
the sand)▫ City doesn’t fall.
World War II: 1942
•8/19/42 to 1/31/43: Siege of Stalingrad:▫ Stalin refuses to allow retreat (draws a line in
the sand)▫ City doesn’t fall.▫ 11/23/42: Soviet troops encircle the German
Sixth Army.
World War II: 1942
•8/19/42 to 1/31/43: Siege of Stalingrad:▫ Stalin refuses to allow retreat (draws a line in
the sand)▫ City doesn’t fall.▫ 11/23/42: Soviet troops encircle the German
Sixth Army.▫ 11/25/42: German general (Von Paulus) pleads
with Hitler to allow negotiations with Stalin.
World War II: 1942
•8/19/42 to 1/31/43: Siege of Stalingrad:▫ Stalin refuses to allow retreat (draws a line in
the sand)▫ City doesn’t fall.▫ 11/23/42: Soviet troops encircle the German
Sixth Army.▫ 11/25/42: German general (Von Paulus) pleads
with Hitler to allow negotiations with Stalin.▫ 1/30/43: Hitler promotes General von Paulus.
World War II: 1942
•8/19/42 to 1/31/43: Siege of Stalingrad:▫ Stalin refuses to allow retreat (draws a line in
the sand)▫ City doesn’t fall.▫ 11/23/42: Soviet troops encircle the German
Sixth Army.▫ 11/25/42: German general (Von Paulus) pleads
with Hitler to allow negotiations with Stalin.▫ 1/30/43: Hitler promotes General von Paulus.▫ 1/31/43: von Paulus surrenders himself, 22
other generals, and 91,000 troops (5,000 live to go home)
World War II: 1942
•8/19/42 to 1/31/43: Siege of Stalingrad:▫ Stalin refuses to allow retreat (draws a line in
the sand)▫ City doesn’t fall.▫ 11/23/42: Soviet troops encircle the German
Sixth Army.▫ 11/25/42: German general (Von Paulus) pleads
with Hitler to allow negotiations with Stalin.▫ 1/30/43: Hitler promotes General von Paulus.▫ 1/31/43: von Paulus surrenders himself, 22
other generals, and 91,000 troops (5,000 live to go home)
▫ 1,700,000 to 2,000,000 dead on both sides.
World War II: 1943
World War II: 1943• 5/13/43: Axis forces in Tunisia surrender
(ends war in Africa).
World War II: 1943• 5/13/43: Axis forces in Tunisia surrender
(ends war in Africa).• 7/5/43: Massive German offensive in Kursk,
Soviet Union.▫ 7/12/43: Largest tank battle ever.
World War II: 1943• 5/13/43: Axis forces in Tunisia surrender
(ends war in Africa).• 7/5/43: Massive German offensive in Kursk,
Soviet Union.▫ 7/12/43: Largest tank battle ever.
• Fall of 1943 Germany is in full retreat on the Eastern front.
World War II: 1943• 5/13/43: Axis forces in Tunisia surrender
(ends war in Africa).• 7/5/43: Massive German offensive in Kursk,
Soviet Union.▫ 7/12/43: Largest tank battle ever.
• Fall of 1943 Germany is in full retreat on the Eastern front.
• 7/25/43: Italian dictator Mussolini overthrown.
World War II: 1943• 5/13/43: Axis forces in Tunisia surrender
(ends war in Africa).• 7/5/43: Massive German offensive in Kursk,
Soviet Union.▫ 7/12/43: Largest tank battle ever.
• Fall of 1943 Germany is in full retreat on the Eastern front.
• 7/25/43: Italian dictator Mussolini overthrown.
• 9/8/43: Italy surrenders to the Allies.▫ Germany immediately sends in troops, frees
Mussolini, and puts him back in charge
World War II: 1943• 5/13/43: Axis forces in Tunisia surrender (ends
war in Africa).• 7/5/43: Massive German offensive in Kursk,
Soviet Union.▫ 7/12/43: Largest tank battle ever.
• Fall of 1943 Germany is in full retreat on the Eastern front.
• 7/25/43: Italian dictator Mussolini overthrown.• 9/8/43: Italy surrenders to the Allies.
▫ Germany immediately sends in troops, frees Mussolini, and puts him back in charge
• 9/9/43: U.S. troops land in Salerno, Italy (near Naples).
World War II: 1944
World War II: 1944
• 1/22/44: U.S. troops land at Anzio, Italy (Rome)
World War II: 1944
• 1/22/44: U.S. troops land at Anzio, Italy (Rome)
• 6/6/44: D-Day – British and U.S. troops land at Normandy, France with 5,000 ships, 11,ooo aircraft, and 2,000,000 troops.
World War II: 1944
• 1/22/44: U.S. troops land at Anzio, Italy (Rome)
• 6/6/44: D-Day – British and U.S. troops land at Normandy, France with 5,000 ships, 11,ooo aircraft, and 2,000,000 troops.
• 7/25/44: Normandy is under allies control.▫Starts the race to Paris.
World War II: 1944
• 1/22/44: U.S. troops land at Anzio, Italy (Rome)
• 6/6/44: D-Day – British and U.S. troops land at Normandy, France with 5,000 ships, 11,ooo aircraft, and 2,000,000 troops.
• 7/25/44: Normandy is under allies control.▫Starts the race to Paris.
• 8/25/44: Paris is liberated.
World War II: 1944
• 1/22/44: U.S. troops land at Anzio, Italy (Rome)
• 6/6/44: D-Day – British and U.S. troops land at Normandy, France with 5,000 ships, 11,ooo aircraft, and 2,000,000 troops.
• 7/25/44: Normandy is under allies control.▫Starts the race to Paris.
• 8/25/44: Paris is liberated.• 12/16/44: Germans launch their final
offensive in the West.
World War II: 1944
• 1/22/44: U.S. troops land at Anzio, Italy (Rome)
• 6/6/44: D-Day – British and U.S. troops land at Normandy, France with 5,000 ships, 11,ooo aircraft, and 2,000,000 troops.
• 7/25/44: Normandy is under allies control.▫Starts the race to Paris.
• 8/25/44: Paris is liberated.• 12/16/44: Germans launch their final
offensive in the West.▫Battle of the Bulge.▫Germany loses and retreats again.
World War II: 1945
World War II: 1945
• 4/16/45: Soviet troops encircle Berlin.
World War II: 1945
• 4/16/45: Soviet troops encircle Berlin.• 4/30/45: Hitler commits suicide.
World War II: 1945
• 4/16/45: Soviet troops encircle Berlin.• 4/30/45: Hitler commits suicide.• 5/7/45: Germany surrenders to the Western
Allies.
World War II: 1945
• 4/16/45: Soviet troops encircle Berlin.• 4/30/45: Hitler commits suicide.• 5/7/45: Germany surrenders to the Western
Allies.• 5/9/45: Germany surrenders to the Soviets.
World War II: 1945• 4/16/45: Soviet troops encircle Berlin.• 4/30/45: Hitler commits suicide.• 5/7/45: Germany surrenders to the Western
Allies.• 5/9/45: Germany surrenders to the Soviets.• 8/6/45: U.S. drops atomic bomb on Hiroshima,
Japan (population 255,000).▫ 75,000 people dead that day.▫ 75,000 more dead within 4 months.
• 8/9/45: U.S. drops atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan (population 240,000).▫ 35,000 people dead that day ▫ 35,000 more dead within 4 months.
• 8/14/45: Japan surrenders ending WWII.
Counting our losses: Allies Mobilized Military
DeadCivilian Dead
Total 1940 Population
USSR 20,000,000 8,700,000 16,900,000 190,000,000
U.S.A. 16,400,000 292,000 132,000,000
France 5,000,000 250,000 170,000 39,000,000
Great Britain
4,700,000 240,000 65,000 48,000,000
Axis:
Germany 10,800,000 3,250,000 2,000,000 70,700,000
Totals:
Allies: 14,170,000 35,597,000
Axis: 5,680,000 3,757,000
The Holocaust
The “End” of the Jewish religion:•4/1/33: Boycott on Jewish run businesses.•9/15/35: Nuremberg laws: Begins to
exclude Jews from public life.•11/9&10/38: Night of the Broken Glass.•Ghettos: All Jews were forced to live in
certain areas of cities.▫Warsaw ghetto = 445,000 Jews in 1941.
The “End” of the Jewish religion:•Concentration Camps:
▫Medical experiments on prisoners Babies taken from their mother to see how
long they would survive without milk.▫Dachau: opened 3/20/33▫Over 1,000 were constructed.▫Treblinka: over 870,000 dead, 100 known
survivors, 150 German staff
The “End” of the Jewish religion:•Death Camps:
▫Chelmno▫Belzec▫Sobibor▫Treblinka▫Auschwitz: over 1,250,000 prisoners killed
Soviet troops found 15,400 pounds of human hair.
▫Majdanek