World War I Part II. Recap Stalemate on western front –Trench warfare Russia vs. Germany on eastern front front –Kept full German army from fighting at.

World War IWorld War IPart IIPart II

RecapRecapStalemate on western frontStalemate on western front–Trench warfareTrench warfare

Russia vs. Germany on easternRussia vs. Germany on eastern frontfront

–Kept full German army from Kept full German army from fighting at western frontfighting at western front

Fighting spreads to Africa and Fighting spreads to Africa and SE AsiaSE Asia

Great War Goes GlobalGreat War Goes Global

Japan and Australia Japan and Australia join Alliesjoin Allies

Ottoman Empire and Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria join Central Bulgaria join Central PowersPowers

Gallipoli CampaignGallipoli CampaignAllies needed supply line to Allies needed supply line to RussiaRussia

Attack region in Ottoman EmpireAttack region in Ottoman Empire– DardanellesDardanelles– Began Feb. 1915Began Feb. 1915– By May By May Stalemate Stalemate

By Dec. Allies gave upBy Dec. Allies gave up– 250,000 casualties250,000 casualties

Japan take German Japan take German outposts in Chinaoutposts in ChinaJapan captures Japan captures Germany’s Pacific island Germany’s Pacific island coloniescoloniesEnglish and French take English and French take 3 German possessions in 3 German possessions in AfricaAfrica

America Enters the WarAmerica Enters the War

2 events that 2 events that forced US to joinforced US to join

1.1.Sinking of the Sinking of the LusitaniaLusitania

2.2.Zimmerman noteZimmerman note

The The LusitaniaLusitaniaMay 7, 1915May 7, 1915–German u-boat sinks British German u-boat sinks British passenger ship passenger ship

–1198 people dead1198 people dead128 US citizens128 US citizens

–German claimed ship was German claimed ship was carrying ammo (it was)carrying ammo (it was)

–Wilson protestsWilson protests

Jan. 1917Jan. 1917–Germany announces Germany announces that all ships around that all ships around Britain will be sunk Britain will be sunk without warning – without warning – regardless of whose regardless of whose they arethey areUnrestricted submarine warfareUnrestricted submarine warfare

The Zimmerman NoteThe Zimmerman NoteFeb. 1917Feb. 1917

British officials intercept British officials intercept telegramtelegram–Germany to MexicoGermany to Mexico

If Mexico join with Germany If Mexico join with Germany return Tex., Ariz., New Mex. to return Tex., Ariz., New Mex. to

Mexico Mexico

Final strawFinal straw

Bond with BritainBond with Britain–CulturallyCulturally–EconomicallyEconomically

April 2, 1917April 2, 1917United States declares war on United States declares war on

GermanyGermany

Total WarTotal War–Countries devote all resources Countries devote all resources to warto war

RationingRationing–goods in short supplygoods in short supply–People could only buy small People could only buy small amountsamounts

PropagandaPropaganda–one sided info to persuadeone sided info to persuade

Women in the WarWomen in the WarReplaced men in Replaced men in factories, offices, shopsfactories, offices, shops

Built tanks, provided Built tanks, provided food, kept army suppliedfood, kept army supplied

Nurses near front lineNurses near front line

Balance tips with US joining Balance tips with US joining AlliesAllies

March 1917March 1917–Czar Nicholas of Russia steps Czar Nicholas of Russia steps down (war-related down (war-related shortages)shortages)

Nov. 1917Nov. 1917–Communist leader Vladimir Communist leader Vladimir Lenin seizes powerLenin seizes power

March 1918March 1918Germany and Russia sign Treaty of Germany and Russia sign Treaty of

Brest-LitovskBrest-Litovsk

Germany concentrate all Germany concentrate all troops on western fronttroops on western front

May 1918May 1918–German army reached German army reached Marne River (40 miles Marne River (40 miles from Paris)from Paris)

–Were exhaustedWere exhausted

July 1918July 1918–Allies counterattackAllies counterattack–140,000 new US soldiers140,000 new US soldiers

Second Battle of the MarneSecond Battle of the Marne–Allies slowly begin to push Allies slowly begin to push toward Germanytoward Germany

–Bulgarians then Ottoman Bulgarians then Ottoman Empire surrenderEmpire surrender

October 1918October 1918–Revolution in A-HRevolution in A-H–German soldiers rebel German soldiers rebel against Kaiseragainst Kaiser

November 9, 1918November 9, 1918–Kaiser Wilhelm II steps downKaiser Wilhelm II steps down

Germany declares itself a Germany declares itself a republicrepublic

November 11, 1918November 11, 1918

Armistice is signedArmistice is signed

WWI is overWWI is over