world war 1

World War I

Soronio, Catelyn V.

Factors that led to the outbreak of WWI

• Nationalism is a desire of people to be a free nation.

• Imperialism is the policy of extending national power by acquiring colonies and economic advantages.

• Militarism: A powerful army and a great navy are required to support nationalism and imperialism

• Rival Alliances is a competition between nations led to the formation of two rival alliances (Triple Alliance, Triple Entente)

Crisis that led to the outbreak of WWI

• Crisis in Bosnia : Between Serbia and Austria-Hungary over Bosnia and Herzegovina.

• Crisis in Agadir: Between Germany and France over Morocco.

• Balkan Crisis: Between Serbia and Austria-Hungary over Albania

Signalled the outbreak of WWI

• Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, heir of Austria's throne in Sarajevo, Bosnia. By Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian Patriot who is a member of Black hand (Serbia Secret Society).

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Events during the war

• July 18, 1914: Austria declared war against Serbia.

• Austria invaded Serbia • Russia rushed on the side of Serbia• Germany declared war against Russia• France declared war against Germany• Germany also declared war to France• Britain then declared war to Germany

Schlieffen Plan

• Germany fought the war in two fronts (East and West).

• German troops would cross Belgium and capture France as quickly as possible, once France has been defeated, Germany will direct its troops to Russia.

Trench warfare

• Is a tactic of war wherein the opposing forces would build a line of defense that faces each other.

Entry of America into the War

• US interest is affected.• American businessmen loaned $1.5 billion to

allies. US feared that the money would not be recovered if the allies were defeated.

• 1915 a German Submarine sank Lusitania, a British ship wherein 1,200 American died.

• US declared war against Germany and its Allies.

Effects of War

• .Epidemic, Trauma• Shortage of clothing, gasoline and other basic

needs• Infrastructure damaged• Millions died• Brought opportunity for women• Downfall of 4 dynasty (Habsburg, Romanov,

Ottoman and Hohenzollern).• Mandate System in West Asia

Peace Treaty

• Paris Peace Conference: peace conference held in Paris on January 18, 1919.– Goal is ensuring peace and making the world safe

for democracy.– Desire to eliminate Germany’s threat to France.– Exact punishment on Germany and to protect the

interest of Britain.– Foster an agreement with Germany and to

establish the borders of Middle Eastern Europe.

Treaty of Versailles

• Was signed during Paris Peace Conference,

• Officially ended the First World War between Allies and Central powers.

• Germany and its Allies shouldered the full responsibility for the and were forced to pay a big amount for the damages it caused to the Allies.

Terms in the Treaty of Versailles

• Germany lost all its colonies• Alsace-Lorraine was returned to France• Germanys army and navy were greatly reduced

in strength• The German Rhineland was demilitarized, that

is, all fortification were destroyed• Germany was forbidden to manufacture arms

and ammunitions• Germany would pay heavy war reparations.

League of Nations

• Established in January 10, 1920.• Composed of 42 participants.• Aimed to reduce weapon arsenal of several

countries to prevent war by means of collective security.

• To settle the conflicts among nations by means of negotiation and diplomacy.

• Implement projects that would benefits society and humanity.

Struggle towards world peace

• Establishment of the League of Nations became the first step in order to achieve this goal. This was established under the provision of the Treaty of Versailles. Remember that the general goal of this treaty was the promotion of world peace and cooperation among nations. All member promised that conflict would be resolved through peaceful means in the League of Nations.