WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION Weather – Climate - Water

1World Meteorological Organization

WMO Information System (WIS)

Managing & Moving Weather, Water and Climate

Informationin the 21st Century

WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION

Weather – Climate - Water

José Arimatéa de Sousa BritoInformation and Telecommunication Services Division

Observing and Information Systems Department


WMO Information System (WIS)

DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING WIS• Overview

– Background information

• Project plan– Objectives and vision– Scope of the project– Organizational structure

• Project implementation– User requirements (RRR)– Technical specifications– Governance procedures– WIS guidelines (WIS Manual)

• ET-CTS critical issues– Engagement of ET-CTS


IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

• What is the WMO Information System (WIS)?

– Why is it being developed?

– What services will it provide?

• What will the NMHS gain from WIS?

• What is the overall WIS plan?

• How far has its implementation progressed?

• What are the major challenges still to be

met?


WMO INFORMATION SYSTEM

Direction from WMO Congress (2003)

• Develop:– Over-arching approach for solving data

management problems for all WMO and related international programmes

– A single, coordinated global infrastructure, the WMO Information System (WIS) for the collection and sharing of information


REASONS FOR WISREASONS FOR WIS

• Various WMO Programmes developing information systems independently

– Incompatibilities, inefficiencies, duplication of effort and higher overall costs

• Continued systems development in an uncoordinated manner would:

– Exacerbate these problems – Increase difficulty in sharing information

between programmes– Further isolate WMO Programmes from

each other and from wider environmental community


GTS provides:

• Information collection and distribution

o Real-time push for WWW data & products

(and some other programmes data)

• Information management

o Standard data formats

o Implicit metadata & catalogs

Current situation: GTSCurrent situation: GTS

For WWWFor WWW


• Information exchange

o Multiplicity of procedures

o Real-time and non-real-time

o Very limited pull

• Information management

o Multiplicity of data formats

o Uncoordinated/lack of metadata & catalogs

o No discovery

Current situation:Current situation:

GTSGTS and Other WMO Programmes and Other WMO Programmes systemssystems


World Meteorologic

al Centres

WWW GTS

Regional/Specialized Meteorological

CentresNational

Meteorological

Centres

Meteorological and R&D Satellite Operator

Centres

Current situation: GTS

interconnects


Integrated approach for all WMO Programmes

• Routine collection and dissemination of time-critical and operation-critical data and products:

o Real-time “push” through dedicated telecommunication• Data Discovery, Access and Retrieval service:

o “Pull” through the Internet (HTTP, FTP,…)• Timely delivery of data and products:

o Delayed mode “push” through dedicated telecommunication means and public data networks, especially the Internet

• Unified procedureso More efficient data exchange

• Coordinated and standardized metadatao Interoperability between programmeso Improved data managemento ISO 191xxx series for geographic information

WIS Vision


WIS brings new features and opportunities

• Common information exchange standards, functions and services for all WMO programmes

• Inter-disciplinary discovery, retrieval and exchange of information in real-time and non-real time

• Inter-operability through on-line catalogues using metadata based on ISO 19100 (geographic information standard)

• Industry standards and off-the-shelf hardware and software systems to ensure cost-effectiveness and compatibility


GAW World Data Centres

GCOS Data Centres

Global Run-off Data Centre

Global Precip. Climatology Centre

IRI, Hadley Centre, and other climate research centres; Universities;Regional Climate Centres(CIIFEN, etc.)

International Organizations (IAEA, CTBTO, UNEP, FAO.. )

Commercial Service

Providers

World Radiation Centre

Regional Instrument Centres

WMO World Data Centres

International Projects (e.g. GMES HALO)

Real-time “push”On-demand “pull”

internet

DCPC

NC/DCPC

NCNC

NC/DCPC

NC

NC

NC

NC

NC

NC

GISC

GISCGISC

SatelliteTwo-Way Systems

Satellite Dissemination(IGDDS, RETIM,

etc)

NC

NC

DCPC

GISC GISC

DCPC

WISWIS


IGDDS

WIS/GTS: for time and operation-critical data & products WIS/IGDDS: for space-based data & productsWIS/DAR: data discovery, access and retrieval Data push: routine distribution of data & productsData pull: access to and retrieval of data & products

Data pull

Data push

WIS DATA-COMMUNICATIONS IMPLEMENTATION(for weather, water, climate and related data and products)

Essentially through telecom. with guaranteed quality of service, e.g. leased circuits, dedicated data com network services, sat.-based systems, ..

Essentially through satellite based data distribution systems, e.g. DVB-S

GTS

Essentially through the Internet(HTTP, FTP, VPN…)

DAR

WIS


Assessment of Requirements(WIS Project Office – interim measure)

Review of Requirements(New ET on User Requirements - to be formed)

User Reqmts Doc, WIGOS Obs db + TBD db

Determine Optimal Way to Meet User RequirementsWG-PIW | ET-OI | ET-CTS

Consolidation of Views(New ET on User Requirements)

Consolidated and Endorsed User Requirements

Implementation of Services Addressing User Requirements

Member States (CIO)

Decisions on Implementation of formal and Ad Hoc Requests

Questionnaire Responses, Meeting Reports, interviews, etc

Decisions on WIS Components

Designation of GISCs and DCPCs

EC, TCs, RAs, Member States

Requirements Assessment Phase

RRR Phase

Process for E

stablish

ing, M

aintain

ing an

d Im

plem

entin

g User R

equ

iremen

ts

WIS DCPC and GISC NominationsAd Hoc Requests for WIS Services


Interoperability enables the discovery, the retrieval and the usage of the data

It needs the development and the implementation of relevant Metadata standards

Development of a WMO Metadata Profile of the ISO 191xx series for geographic information

• Step 1: development of the WMO Metadata Core Profile of ISO 19115 for data discovery

•Step 2: Use of the ISO 191xx series for the access and use of the data

WIS, a key issue: interoperabilityWIS, a key issue: interoperability


European Virtual GISC Project


Major Components and Services of WIS:Interoperability and WIS Networking

Da

ta a

nd

Pro

duct

Use

rs

Global Information System Centres

(GISCs)

Data Collection or Production Centres

(DCPCs)

National Centres (NCs)

SOA - Focus is on the interfaces


WIS PROJECT ORGANISATIONAL CHART

CONGRESS


Integration Definition for Function Modelling (IDEF0)

FunctionInput Output

Controlsource data which is

transformed by the Function

the result of the transformation

carried out by the Function

identifies the resources/facilities that are used by the Function (e.g.

humans, computers...)

defines how the Function carries out the transformation

Mechanism

Functions transform the Inputs into Outputs in accordance with the Controls and making

use of the Mechanisms

Functions transform the Inputs into Outputs in accordance with the Controls and making

use of the Mechanisms


WIS CONTEXT DIAGRAM AND SOME WIS FUNCTIONS


Interface Tech S

pecs

Interface Technical Specification Identifier

Interface Technical Specification Name Required for:

NC DCPC GISC

WIS-TechSpec-1 Uploading of Metadata for Data and Products WIS-TechSpec-2 Uploading of Data and Products WIS-TechSpec-3 Centralization of Globally Distributed Data

WIS-TechSpec-4 Maintenance of User Identification and Role Information WIS-TechSpec-5 Consolidated View of Distributed Identification and Role Information

WIS-TechSpec-6 Authentication of a User

WIS-TechSpec-7 Authorization of a User Role

WIS-TechSpec-8 DAR Catalogue Search and Retrieval

WIS-TechSpec-9 Consolidated View of Distributed DAR Metadata Catalogues

WIS-TechSpec-10 Downloading Files via Dedicated Networks WIS-TechSpec-11 Downloading Files via Non-dedicated Networks WIS-TechSpec-12 Downloading Files via Other Methods WIS-TechSpec-13 Maintenance of Dissemination Metadata WIS-TechSpec-14 Consolidated View of Distributed Dissemination Metadata Catalogues

WIS-TechSpec-15 Reporting of Quality of Service


WIS Tech Spec 8 – DARCatalogue search & retrieval

Applicable Standards ISO 23950 Information Search and Retrieval Protocol [ISO-23950] including GEO Profile and SRU (Search and Retrieve via URL) Profile WMO Core Profile of the ISO Metadata Standard [IPET-MI(07)]

Communication Types

client-server; request-response

Service Level Required

non-dedicated shared network

Network Transports and Supporting Services

public or private Internet using TCP/IP which may include encryption; typically HTTP with GET or POST methods, and may include SOAP

Performance MetricsResponse TimeSearch Request RateConcurrency

maximum: 2 seconds per requestminimum: 40 keyword and bounding box searches per secondminimum: 20 active sessions

WIS Data Flow Diagram -Process, Input, Output

WIS Technical Specification Appendix A, Diagram 2, Process A3: Maintain and Expose Catalogue of Services and InformationInput: Information Search RequestOutput: Information Search Result

Applicable Use Cases WIS Technical Specification Appendix B, Use Case: B.6, Discover Data or Products


WIS Tech Spec 8 – DARCatalogue search & retrieval

WIS Requirements(in addition to requirements applicable to all interfaces)

provide metadata catalogue across all GISCs of data, products, and services; assure catalogue interoperability using ISO 23950 search and geospatial services; catalogue WIS contributions in GEOSS Clearinghouse; use ISO 19115 and the WMO core metadata profile; standardize practices for electronic archival of metadata; provide metadata with quality indications to enable search, retrieval, and archiving; make WMO Resolution 40 data available through GEOSS interoperable arrangements; use ISO standards for references to specific places on the Earth; harmonize data formats, transmission, archiving and distribution across disciplines; draw on existing Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) components as institutional and technical precedents; [each DCPC] supports access to data and products via Internet request/reply; [each DCPC] implements backup and recovery of essential services; [each GISC] provides coordination and mutual backup with other GISCs; use public Internet for Data Discovery, Access and Retrieva; support rapid access and integration of real-time and non real-time (archive) data sets; identify and use a variety of data types across WMO programmes; support WIS as a GEOSS component with a core roleWIS Technical Specification Appendix C Requirements: C.2.01, C.1.08, C.5.08, C.5.09, C.5.11, C.5.19, C.1.24, C.3.06, C.5.21, C.1.12, C.5.06, C.5.10, C.5.03, C.5.04, C.5.20, C.1.11, C.5.05, C.5.17, C.5.07, C.3.05, C.3.07, C.2.05, C.1.15, C.1.19, C.1.20, C.1.21, C.1.18b, C.1.09, C.1.10, C.1.18a, C.5.01, C.5.02

Notes The procedures for designation of a GISC or DCPC require that both type of WIS centre maintain data, product and service catalogues in the WMO-agreed standard format and facilitate access to these catalogues. Therefore, network services should be treated as a type of WIS product that can be discovered through the DAR catalogue.


Applicable Standards standards for content and communications are TBD by host of identification and role information database

Communication Types terminal-host; store-and-forward or file transfer (e.g., FTP, HTTP)client-server; request-response (e.g., HTTP with CGI Web form)

Service Level Required non-dedicated shared network may be used, provided there is privacy protection for identified individuals as required by national laws

Network Transports and Supporting Services

public or private Internet using TCP/IP with encryption;typically HTTP with GET or POST methods, and may include SOAP

Performance Metricsidentification and role information

the timeliness of changes to user identification and role information is application-specific and subject to NC or DCPC procedures

WIS Data Flow Diagrams WIS Technical Specification Appendix A, Diagram 2, Process A2: Assign User RoleInputs: User RequestsOutputs: User Requests with Assigned RoleWIS Technical Specification Appendix A, Diagram 2, Process A4: Authorise Access to Information by UsersInputs: Requests for InformationOutputs: Information Access Authorizations

Use Cases WIS Technical Specification Appendix B Use Cases: B.5, Maintain Identification and Role Information for WIS Users

WIS Requirements(in addition to requirements applicable to all interfaces)

use ISO standards for references to specific places on the Earth; harmonize data formats, transmission, archiving and distribution across disciplines; [each NC] authorizes its national users to access WIS; [each DCPC] supports access to data and products via Internet request/reply; [each DCPC] implements backup and recovery of essential services; use dedicated telecommunications and public Internet for timely delivery; identify and use a variety of data types across WMO programmesWIS Technical Specification Appendix C Requirements: C.5.20, C.1.11, C.5.05, C.5.17, C.4.05, C.3.05, C.3.07, C.1.14, C.1.19, C.1.20, C.1.21, C.1.10, C.1.18a

Notes For updating the identification and role information concerning candidate or current users of WIS, WIS Centres should support two kinds of maintenance facilities: a file upload facility for "batch" updating (add, replace, or delete identification and role records treated as separate files); and an online form for changing individual identification and role entries (add, change, or delete of elements in a record as well as whole records).

WIS-TechSpec-4, Maintenance of User Identification and Role Information


Use Case Goal Internal and external users of WIS are able to be identified as needed for their authentication, and their role information is maintained as needed for their authorizations to perform specific functions

Actors Users of WIS (internal and external)Administrators of authentication and authorization at WIS Centres

Pre-Conditions (1) Administrators have agreed authentication policies delineating the credentials required to establish identity of a WIS user

(2) Administrators have agreed authorization policies delineating which roles are authorized to perform each WIS action

(3) Administrators have mechanisms to create and maintain identification information needed for authentication of users of WIS

(4) Administrators have mechanisms to create and maintain role information needed for authorization of authenticated users of WIS

Post-Conditions WIS Centres collectively have the ability to authenticate each user of WIS and authorize him to perform all of the functions appropriate to his role, and only those functions appropriate to his role

Normal Flow Identification and role information about candidate or current users of WIS are to be recorded through facilities controlled by WIS Centres. Typically, two kinds of facilities should be supported. One is a file upload facility for "batch" updating (add, replace, or delete the identification and role records as separate files). The other is an online form for changing identification and role records (add, change, or delete elements in a record as well as whole records). Administrators of authentication and authorization at WIS Centres share the updated identification and role information as a resource available as needed across WIS Centres.

Notes and Issues At this point in WIS system design, mechanisms have not been decided for handling identification and role information as needed across WIS centres.

Last Updated 30 Oct 2007

Last Updated By Eliot Christian

Use Case B.5, Maintain Identification and Role Information for WIS Users


WIS provide three types of services to meet the different requirements: (1) Routine collection and dissemination service for time-critical and operation-critical data and products:

Based on real-time “push” mechanism (incl. Multicast); implemented essentially through dedicated telecommunication means with guaranteed quality of service, e.g. leased circuits, dedicated data communication network services and satellite-based data-distribution systems;(2) Data Discovery, Access and Retrieval service:

Based on request/reply “pull” mechanism with relevant data management functions; implemented essentially through the Internet (HTTP, FTP,…);(3) Timely delivery service for data and products:

Based on delayed mode “push” mechanism; implemented through a combination of dedicated telecommunication means and of public data networks, especially the Internet.

WIS SERVICES


Key Future Milestones

• Consolidate plans on development, governance and implementation of WIS: 2007-2008

• Develop WIS regulatory documentation and guidance material for implementation, including specifications for the GISC interfaces and a unified user interface: 2007-2008

• Develop scheme and practices for security, authentication and authorization procedures for WIS services : 2007-2008

• Implementation of first operational GISC: 2008• Implementation of other operational GISCs: 2009 -

2011• Implementation of DCPCs, i.e. WIS interfaces at

WMO programmes’ centres: 2008-2011


WIS Project Gantt Chart


• Data exchange/synchronization between GISCs • Metadata Exchange/synchronization

• GISC performance standards, monitoring, storage • Two (2) minutes for warning distribution• Ten (10) minutes for other info• Holding 24 hours of information

• Manual on WIS, equivalent of Manual on the GTS. • Defining steps to be taken to evolve the GTS towards WIS

CRITICAL ISSUES FOR WIS


EVOLUTION OF THE GTS TOWARDS WIS

GENERAL PRINCIPLES

• WIS has to perform better than the current GTS in any stage

• Use of technology available now

• Take into account current changes in Regional Networks

• WIS to be cost-effective in the long run

WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION Weather – Climate - Water

Documents

exchange of information

information collection

sharing information

wis various wmo programmes

data commun

wmo congress

data management iso

data management problems