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World History. Today’s Date Heading: “Early Development of Man” Page # (Your next available page)

Dec 28, 2015

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Page 1: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

The First HumansWorld History

Page 2: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Today’s Date Heading: “Early Development of Man” Page # (Your next available page)

Interactive Notebook—Table of Contents

Page 3: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Given instructional sources, the student will demonstrate understanding of early man and his development by completing a chart which compares the different stages of development

Objective

Page 4: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Main Ideas:

Key Words:

Heading:

Page 5: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Early humans were able to sustain themselves through the use of stone tools – using one hard stone to chip away at another to create an edge

Hand axes, pointed tools with one or more cutting edges were the most common

Over the years, Paleolithic hunters developed better tools – spears and the invention of the bow and arrow made hunting easier

Harpoons and fish hooks made of bone increased the catch of fish Sharp-edged tools were used to dig up roots, cut up plants and leaves,

cut branches to build simple shelters Scraping tools were used to clean hides for clothing and shelter, bone

needles were used for fish hooks and sewing hides together Because these people hunted, they followed animal migrations and

vegetation cycles, meaning they were nomads, moving from place to place

Their survival depended upon close observation of animal behavior patterns and demanded group cooperation for survival

The Paleolithic Way of Life

Page 6: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Summarizing Information

Tool Effect

As you read, create a chart like the one below showing the effects of three tools on the lifestyle of early humankind. You may use your textbook pp. 8-11 to find the information you may need.

Page 7: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Open your book to page 10 Examine the artwork and insets Answer the following questions Around 35,000 years ago, Ice Age artists

painted images in caves. This 20-foot-long “Panel of Horses” was found in Chauvet Cave in southern France

What does the “Panel of Horses” depict? What similarities do you see between

animals in the cave art and those of today?

Primary SourceHistory & Art

Page 8: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Cave of Forgotten Dreams

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Main Ideas:

Key Words:

Heading:

Page 10: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Groups of Paleolithic peoples, especially those living in cold climates, found shelter in natural caves

Over time, people created new types of shelter made of animal hides and wood poles or animal bones

As humans moved from Africa to colder climates, they learned to start fires – as much as 500,000 years ago

Fires were used in several ways – as a source of warmth, it kept wild animals away from the campsite

Armed with spears, they used fire to flush out game for the kill

Cooked food tasted better, lasted longer and was easier to chew and digest

Scholars believe that the ability to start fires developed independently using either two pieces of wood or flints

Adapting to Survive

Page 11: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

On a half-slip of paper, answer the following question

In your opinion, which was the most important innovation developed by early man? Explain

Closure

Page 12: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Today’s Date The Neolithic Revolution Page # (Your next available page)

Interactive Notebook Table of Contents

Page 13: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

“Analyze” means, to examine the parts.

Look closely at all the parts of the image on the right. Next, think about what we have learned about the Paleolithic versus the Neolithic age. Now, based that understanding, discuss in writing one problem with the image.

Page 14: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Given instructional sources the student will demonstrate understanding of the Neolithic Revolution by completing a graphic design illustrating before and after the Neolithic Revolution

Objective

Page 15: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Main Ideas:

Key Words:

Heading:

Page 16: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

The end of the last Ice Age around 8,000 BC was followed by the Neolithic Revolution, which occurred from about 8,000 to 4,000 BC

The term Neolithic means “new stone age” and is somewhat misleading

The real change occurred as man shifted from hunting and gathering to keeping animals and the growing of food on a regular basis – systematic agriculture

Hunter-gatherers moved from place to place finding herds and plants

Domestication of animals meant they could be used for food, milk, wool and work

Systematic agriculture also meant they could give up their nomadic ways and live in settled communities

Because there was enough food, humans had more control over their lives

The Neolithic Revolution

Page 17: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Create a drawing that defines what each of these words mean.

Use pages 14, 16 and 18

systemic agriculture domestication

artisan civilization

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Main Ideas:

Key Words:

Heading:

Page 19: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Between 8,000 and 5,000 BC systematic agriculture developed in various parts of the world

In Southwest Asia, people grew wheat and barley and domesticated pigs, cows, goats and sheep by 8,000 BC

From there, farming spread into Southeastern Europe – by 4,000 BC it was well established in central Europe and the Mediterranean basin

By 6,000 BC the cultivation of wheat and barley had spread into the Nile Valley of Egypt

From there it went up the Nile into Ethiopia and Sudan – in central Africa, farmers specialized in tubers and tree crops such as bananas

Farming wheat and barley also moved east into India between 7,000 and 5,000 BC

By 5,000 BC farmers in Southeast Asia were growing rice and from there it moved into southern China; by 6,000 BC millet was farmed and dogs and pigs domesticated in northern China

The Growing of Crops

Page 20: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Open your book to page 15 Read the story and examine the graph Answer the following questions Which period saw the largest decrease in

farms? What is the impact of urbanization

(definition via chunking) on farming?

Connecting to Today

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Main Ideas:

Key Words:

Heading:

Page 22: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Growing crops on a regular basis gave rise to more permanent settlements called Neolithic farming villages

These villages cropped up in Europe, India, Egypt, China and Mesoamerica In Mesoameica, present day Mexico and Central America they grew beans

and maize and domesticated dogs and fowl. The oldest and biggest of these however were in southwest Asia – Jericho

near the Dead Sea was in existence by 8,000 BC, another is Catalhuyuk in modern Turkey

Archaeologists have discovered a dozen products that were grown outside the walls – fruits, nuts and three kinds of wheat

Domesticated animals provided milk, meat and hides, scenes on the walls of huts indicate they also hunted

As a result of a steady food supply, Catalhuyuk had a food surplus which means they didn’t need everyone to farm

This means that some became artisans or skilled workers, making goods to trade with neighboring villages

Catalhuyuk also had special buildings which appear to have been shrines, pointing to a growing role of religion in village life

Neolithic Farming Villages

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Catalhuyuk in present day Turkey

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Shrine reconstruction at Catalhuyuk

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Shrine remnants at Catalhuyuk

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Neolithic Farming

Page 27: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Early Towns

Page 28: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Catal Huyuk

Page 29: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Ancient cities

Halal Jericho

Page 30: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Neolithic Revolution Graphic

With a partner you will create a graphic that visually shows the lifestyles of humans before and after the Neolithic Revolution

Be creative, be neat and use color! Think about what humans lived like before

they started farming and how they lived after farming

You may use your book pp. 14-16 to find the information you will need

Page 31: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Neolithic

Revolution

Before

After

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Neolithic Revolution

Before

After

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Neolit

hic

Revolu

tion

Before After

Page 34: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Main Ideas:

Key Words:

Heading:

Page 35: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

The Neolithic Revolution brought dramatic changes to people’s lives.

Once they settled in communities, they saw the need for walls for defense and storehouses for goods

Storing surpluses encouraged trade Trading encouraged more people to learn crafts,

which led to a division of labor As artisans became more skilled, they made more

refined tools such as flint blades for sickles and hoes Some crops were developed which were used for

things other than food – flax and cotton were used for yarn and cloth

Neolithic Revolution - Effects

Page 36: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Signs of Technological Growth

Ceramic storageMesopotamian Temple

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Walls for Defense

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Main Ideas:

Key Words:

Heading:

Page 39: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Between 4,000 and 3,000 BC new developments began to affect Neolithic villages

Even before 4,000 BC people discovered that by heating metal-bearing rocks they could turn metal to liquid

The liquid metal could be poured into molds or casts to make tools and weapons

Copper was the first metal to be used but after 4,000 BC it was discovered in southwestern Asia that combining copper with tin made bronze

Bronze was a tougher, harder metal than copper The Bronze Age lasted from 3,000 to about 1200 BC. After 1000 BC, the use of iron tools and weapons became common, hence

the term the Iron Age As farming communities grew larger they built walls and armies for defense By the beginning of the Bronze Age large numbers of people were

concentrated in the river valleys of Mesopotamia, Egypt, India and China These farming villages led to the development of cities

The End of the Neolithic Age

Page 40: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Community Simulation

We are going to work in groups of 3 to form an ideal community, based on a set of options

Line up along the side and front of the room. We will count off so as to form groups of 3

Page 41: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Community Simulation Roles:

Recorder: the Recorder will keep a written record of the group’s decisions. Be sure to include the names of all members of the group.

Reporter: the Reporter will make an oral presentation to the class of the group’s choices, including strengths, weaknesses, and reasoning

Facilitator: the Facilitator will be responsible for keeping the group focused and on task through completion within the allotted time allowed.

Page 42: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Community Simulation You can only choose one item from each

group! List 3 strengths in choosing that item List 3 weaknesses that come with choosing

that item (specific to that item!) Summarize your group’s reasoning and

describe why your society will be successful. Justify why you picked all 5 items. How do the items work together?

These are the things that you will report on!

Page 43: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Assignment

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Civilization

As you read, fill in the chart like the one below listing the six major characteristics of civilization. You may use your textbook pp. 18-19 to find the information you will need.

Page 44: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Culture is a way of life of a people in a certain time and place The cultures of farming villages were relatively simple However with the settlement into permanent communities,

cultures became more complex and developed into new forms A civilization is a complex culture in which large numbers of

humans share a number of common elements The six characteristics are Cities – large concentrations of population, large-scale farming Government – large numbers of people, the need to maintain

the food supply, defense all created the need for government. Governments organize and regulate human activity, provide for

smooth interaction of individuals and groups The first governments were monarchies who organized armies for

defense and made laws to regulate subjects’ lives

Civilization Emerges

Page 45: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Religion – the new urban civilizations developed religions to explain the forces of nature and their roles in the world

Social Structure – a new social structure based on economic power arose; rulers and an upper class of priests, government officials and warriors dominated society

Writing – rulers, priests, merchants and artisans used writing to keep accurate records. They also used it for creative expression

Art – Architects built temples and pyramids as places of worship or sacrifice or for royal burial. Painters and sculptors portrayed stories of nature, provided depictions of the rulers and gods they worshiped.

Civilization Emerges

Page 46: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Ancient Cities

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Early Temples

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Early Writing

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Early Art

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Early Art

Page 52: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Large eyes are characteristic of many if not all of the Tell Asmar statuettes. What might compel a civilization to have this sort of focus if it is clearly not likeness?

Page 53: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

On a half-slip of paper, answer the following question

Of the 6 main characteristics of a civilization, which is the most important indicator that a society has become a civilization? Explain.

Closure

Page 54: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Standards – Ur Battle Scene

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Art in Society ?’s

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Mesopotamian Art & Architecture

Ancient Mesopotamian Temple

City Walls and Bridges

Page 57: World History.  Today’s Date  Heading: “Early Development of Man”  Page # (Your next available page)

Now list the other 5 traits of civilization, and write a brief description for them

Use pages 18 & 19Now complete the examples

in Tucson sectionNow complete the examples

in Ur section