World History Chapter 10. Built on remains of Roman Empire Emperor Justinian led the revival (and his wife Theodora helped) He changed Byzantine.

BYZANTINEEMPIRE

World History

Chapter 10

BEGINNINGS OFTHE EMPIRE

Built on remains of Roman Empire

Emperor Justinian led the revival (and his wife Theodora helped)

He changed Byzantine law to improve women’s rights:1. Man could not beat

wife2. Could sue husband3. Could own property4. Widows could raise

children

BYZANTINE:RISE AND FALL Justinian appoints

Belisarius as commander of the army

Belisarius gained many territories in Med. Sea

After Justinian died, 50 years of civil war followed

Also invaders from Persia, Asia, and Europe took place

In the mid 600’s Muslims invaded

Justinian’s territory was reduced to Asia Minor, Southern Balkan peninsula, and part of Italy

REASONS FORSUCCESS

Despite this, Byzantine Empire still thrived for three reasons:1. Political Strength: highly

centralized government; well paid, loyal officials; arranged marriages

2. Military Strength: developed good infantry, cavalry, and engineers; gave soldiers land grants; created military schools

3. Economic Strength: because of trade, agriculture, and manufacturing, the East was the richest part of the Empire; Constantinople = 1 mill pop = lots of jobs; located on the Bosporus Straits was the center of trade

RELIGION INTHE EMPIRE Byzantines faith believed

that rituals and doctrines of the faith were unimportant

Believed in icons – small religious pictures

Icons became outlawed but none obeyed and heresy developed (an opinion that conflicts with church doctrine)

Pope excommunicates (preventing certain people from church membership and functions)

In 1054, the church split with Roman Catholics remaining in the west and Greek Orthodox taking over in the east (See VIDEO on Orthodoxy in Russia) 2:15

DECLINE OF THE EMPIRE In the 1000’s,

Seljuk Turks captured most of Asia Minor

The Empire asked for help from the west but they instead attacked

In 1453, Ottoman Turks captured Constantinople – the Empire fell

KIEV Byzantine Empire had a

strong influence on the Slavs

Kiev (capital of Rus from 882-1169) prospered because of its location for trade

Government: made up of a prince with a council of boyars (or nobles)

Vladimir I went religion shopping and picked Christianity

Kievan Rus’ developed agriculture and trade which led to social classes:1. Princess (top class)2. Boyars (nobles)3. Artisans and Merchants4. Peasants (largest class)5. Clergy (separate)

THE MONGOLS Began attacking

Kievan Rus in 1237 and ruled until the 1400s

Taxed harshly Lead by Genghis

Khan Leadership became

weak over time Eventually lost

control of some areas including Moscow

SLIDES OF BYZANTINE INFLUENCE ON OTHER CULTURES:

INFLUENCE ON GOVERNMENT

BYZANTINE INFLUENCE ON ISLAM

INFLUENCE ON CHRISTIANITY

MODERN DAY RUSSIA

BYZANTINE SOLDIERY

BYZANTINE HAIRCUTS:

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