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World Distribution of Temperatures
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World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Dec 13, 2015

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Frank Horton
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Page 1: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

World Distribution of Temperatures

Page 2: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded?

Daily MeanDaily Range

Monthly Mean

Annual MeanAnnual Range

Page 3: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Latitude

Controls of Temperature

Page 4: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Sun Angles at Different Latitudes

Page 5: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 6: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Geographic Position

Page 7: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Coasts

Page 8: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Temperature controlLand and Water

• Continental climates

• Land water heating– Mobility– Transparency– Evaporation– Specific heat

Page 9: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 10: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 11: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 12: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Land & Water

Page 13: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Ocean Currents

Page 14: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 15: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 16: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 17: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

45 degrees N… halfway between equator and pole

Page 18: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Inverewe Gardens .”..This colourful sub-tropical garden owned by the National Trust for Scotland is located further north than Moscow, but thanks to the North Atlantic Drift, all kinds of exotic plants

grow here in 50 acres... Highly recommended.” http://www.scotland-inverness.co.uk/gardens.htm

Page 19: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

57.5 degrees North (same latitude as Moscow and Hudson’s Bay… semi-tropical gardens on the coast of Scotland

Page 20: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 21: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Altitude

Page 22: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Cloud Cover

Page 23: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 24: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 25: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 26: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 27: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Note the influence of clouds… which interrupts the latitudinal patterns

Page 28: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 29: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 30: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 31: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Daily Variations in Air Temperature

Page 32: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Temperature Measurement

Thermometer

Page 33: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Maximum & Minimum Thermometers

Page 34: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Thermograph

Page 35: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 36: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Temperature Scales

Page 37: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Wind-Chill Factor

Page 38: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Heat Index

Page 39: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Normal Atmospheric Conditions…

Page 40: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Temperature Inversion… warmer air slides over the cool air at the surface trapping the surface air beneath a very stable upper air mass

Page 41: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 42: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 43: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.
Page 44: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Degree Days

• Heating Degree Days

• Growing Degree Days

• Cooling Degree Days

An index of temperature that can be used to assess climatic conditions.

Page 45: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Growing Degree DayBase temperatures (TBase)

• 40F - wheat, barley, rye, oats, flaxseed, lettuce, asparagus

• 45F - sunflower, potato• 50F - sweet corn, corn, sorghum, rice, soybeans,

tomato

• 44F - corn rootworm• 48F - alfalfa weevil• 50F - black cutworm, European corn borer

Page 46: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

Calculating GDD

• first find the mean temperature for the day. (This is usually done by taking the high and low temperature for the day, adding them together and dividing by two.)

• If the mean temperature is above Tbase, then the growing degree day amount equals the mean temperature minus Tbase

• For example, if the mean temperature was 75F then the growing degree day amount equals 25, using a Tbase = 50F

• http://www.sws.uiuc.edu/atmos/statecli/FAQ/degree_days.htm

Page 47: World Distribution of Temperatures. Air Temperature Data: what data are recorded? Daily Mean Daily Range Monthly Mean Annual Mean Annual Range.

An Example of GDD requirements:

• Field Corn Hybrid Maturity Classification.

• Maturity Days GDD

• Early-season 85-100 2100-2400

• Mid-season 101-130 2400-2800

• Full-season 131-145 2900-3200 • http://www.ces.purdue.edu/extmedia/NCH/NCH-40.html