GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK * L W GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTAURBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT El 399 VOL. 3 APPENDICES SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 1 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized
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GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
* L W GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
El 399VOL. 3
APPENDICES
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 1
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GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
* v GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
APPENDIX 1
LIST OF EA PREPARERS
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 1
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
This Overall Environmental Assessment for the GPRDUEP2 Foshan Subproject has beenprepared by the Institute of Environmental Science of Zhongshan University (IESZS) with theassistance of SOGREAH Consultants.
The following persons participated to its preparation:
From the IESZS:
* Wen Yanmao - Professor
* Li Shiyu- Professor
* Wu Renhai- Associate Professor
* Chen Binlu- Associate Professor
* Zheng Xinzhou- Associate Professor
* Wei Xiange - Assistant Professor
* Guang Dongsheng -Professor
* Sun Lianpeng-Vice Professor
* Chen Yujian-Senior Engineer
* Mai Zhiqun- Engineer
* Tang Huijian- Assistant Professor
* Wu Jingyin- Associate Professor
* Li Feng- PhD Candidate
* Qiu Yuan- PhD Candidate
* Yu Guanghui- PhD Candidate
* Xu Caimei- Graduate Student
* Wei Xiaozhe- Graduate Student
* Long Wei-Graduate Student
* Huang Yanyun- Graduate Student
* Ren Lulu- Graduate Student
* Luo Haiping- Graduate Student
* He Shuyou- PhD Candidate
* Zhuang Lei- PhD Candidate
* Liu Heng- Graduate Student
* Zhuang Chuiping- Graduate Student
From SOGREAH Consultants
* Liu Wen, Environmental Specialist
* Bernard Yon, Environmental Expert
* Zhong Yingjun, Research Assistant
* Lao Yanfen, Research Assistant
* Chen Haohui, GIS Specialist
SOGREAH - LWN - NO-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 2
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
No TITLE AUTHOR DATE
1 Pearl River Delta Regional Environmental Mott MacDonald April 2000Management Project
2 Pearl River Delta Urban Environment Project CHREOD December 2001Technical Assistance on Project FrameworkDevelopment - Inception Report
3 Pearl River Delta Urban Environment Project CHREOD May 2002Technical Assistance on Project FrameworkDevelopment - Situational Analysis Report
4 Pearl River Estuary Pollution Project, Summary Hong Kong University of December 2001Report Science and Technology
5 2001-2006 Cleaning and Protection Plan of Foshan Environmental November 2001Water-body in Foshan (In Chinese) Protection Bureau
6 Pearl River Delta Urban Environment Project, Chreod Ltd. September 2002Strategic Options Report
7 Combination of Strategic Plans of Guangdong Provincial Sept. 2002Environmental Protection in Guangdong Environmental ProtectionProvince (In Chinese) Bureau
8 Measuring Economic Benefits for Water R.A. Young, World Bank Tech. Sept 1996Investments and Policies Paper No. 338
29 Introduction to Urban Geological Investigation In Duan Weiwu, Guangzhou 2002Coastal Area of East China Marine Geological Survey,
MGMR
30 Bridging the Water Divide SUEZ 2003
31 Country Report of the P.R.C. Chinese Ministry of Water March 2003Resources
32 Report of the World Panel on Financing Water Report written by James March 2003Infrastructure Winpenny
33 Disbursement Handbook World Bank, Washington, D.C. 2001
34 Private Participation in infrastructure in China The World Bank December 2002
35 Analysis of the Cost Difference of Bank-Loaned The World Bank July 2002Urban Projects in China
36 GD DRA - Institutional Reform Report SOGREAH August 2003
37 Environmental Assessment forTai Basin Urban Environmental Hydraulic Nov. 2003Environment Project (Final Report) Institute of Hohai University
38 Tianjin Second WB Financed Urban Urban Ti anj in Academy of July 2002Environment and Development Project Environmental ScienceDrainage Component Environmental ImpactReport
39 Guangdong Pearl River Delta Urban SOGREAH Nov. 2003Environmental Project- EnvironmentalAssessment Report - overall EA for wastewatercomponents
40 A Plain English Guide to EPA Part 503 Biosolids U.S. Environmental Protection Sep. 1994
Rule Agency
41 EPA's Contaminated Sediment Management U.S. Environmental Protection Apr. 1998
Strategy Agency
Pearl River Delta Environmental Protection Guangdong Provincial September, 200442 Strategic Plan (2004-2020) Govemment43 Guangdong Pearl River Clean-Up Action Plan Guangdong Provincial December 2002
Environmental ProtectionBureau
Guangdong Surface Water Functioning Zone Guangdong Provincial November, 1999Planning (Trial Version) [1 999]No.553 Govemment
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 5 .
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
No TITLE AUTHOR DATE
Guangzhou-Foshan Inter-municipal Water Guangdong Provincial June, 200345 Pollution Control Action Plan [2003] No.132 Environmental Protection
BureauFoshan City Development Concept Plan Foshan Municipal Planning March 2003
46 Bureau
47 Foshan City Overall Plan ( 2005 - 2020 ) Foshan Municipal Planning April 2005(Draft Version) Bureau
Foshan Sustainable Development Ecological Foshan Environmental November 200348 Environmental Plan Protection Bureau
Foshan Waterway Shining Project- Land Use Foshan Environmental December 2004and Landscape Plan Protection Bureau
50 Research Report of Fenjiang River Banks Foshan Environmental June 2000Improvement Planning Protection Bureau
Foshan Urban PlanningDesign and SurveyingResearch Institute
Guangdong Foshan River systems planning Foshan Hydraulic Bureau August 200051 report
2 Foshan Pearl River Clean-up Action Plan Foshan Municipal Government April2003[2003] No. 39 eEnvironmental Assessment Technical SEPA 1993
Environmental Assessment Guidelines for Inner SEPA 200156 city navigational project (JT227-2001)57 Water and Soil Conservation regulation SEPA 1996
(GB/T16453.1-16453.6-1996)Water and Soil Conservation technical SEPA 1998
58 standards for development project (SL204-98)Environmental Assessment Guidelines for SEPA 1988
59 hydraulics and hydro-power projects (trialversion) (SDJ302-88)Foshan Waterway Sediment Dredging and China Northwest Municipal January 2005
60 Disposal Project-Project Proposal Engineering Design andResearch Institute
Foshan Waterway Sediment Dredging and China Northwest Municipal August 200561 Disposal Project-Feasibility Study Report Engineering Design and
Research InstituteFoshan Waterway Sediment Dredging and Institute of Environmental May 2005
62 Disposal Project-TOR of Environmental Science of ZhongshanAssessment UniversityReport of Pollution Sources Survey along Foshan University February 2005
63 Foshan Waterway Foshan EnvironmentalProtection Bureau
Foshan Fenjiang River Bank Improvements China Northwest Municipal February 200564 Project-Project Proposal Engineering Design and
Research InstituteFoshan Hydraulic andHydropower Structure DesignLTD.Co
65 Foshan Fenjiang River Bank Improvements China Northwest Municipal December 2005Project-Feasibility Study Report Engineering Design and
Research InstituteFoshan Hydraulic andHydropower Structure DesignLTD.Co
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 6
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
, .0 . GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
APPENDIX 3
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY & EMISSION STANDARDS IN PRC
SOGREAH - LWN - NO-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 8 ,* , k
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
1. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS
1.1. ENVIRONMENTAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
Environmental Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996) with regulation GB3095-96 for Fluoride andstandard for maximum concentration of Chlorine from Industry Designing Sanitary Standards(TJ36-1979).
ENVIRONMENTAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
Concentration limitsPollutants 1 hourly Daily Yearly Source of standards and units
average average average
SO2 0.50 0.15 0.06(GB3095-1996)
Nox 0.15 0.10 0.05(mg/Nm
3)TSP 0.30 0.20
F- 7 20 (GB3095-1996) (pg/m3)
Cl2 0.10* 0.03 (TJ36-79)(mg/Nm3 )
1.2. AIR QUALITY STANDARDS FOR THE PROTECTION OF CROPS
Standards for the Protection of Crops (GB9173-88) set the maximum concentration of some airpollutants in order to preserve the safe consumption of crops..
AIR POLLUTANT CONCENTRATION LIMITS FOR PROTECTING CROPS
Average Daily
Pollutants Sensibility concentration veraver Any time Cropsin growing cocnratio m rpseason n
NO, Middling 2.0 10.0 Barley, rice, corn, soybean,
(mg/dm2d) sensitive crop broomcorn, cabbage, etc.
Insensitive crop 4.5 15.0 Cotton, tea, helianthus, eggplant,capsicum, potato, etc.
1.3. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS FOR SURFACE WATER
Surface Water Quality Standards (GB3838-88) are presented in the following table. Someparameters not covered by this standard adopt the Class I of the Fishery Water Quality Standards(GB1 1607-89) and of the Waste Water Comprehensive Emission Standards (GB8978-1996).
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 9
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS OF SURFACE WATER (GB3838-2002) UNIT: MG/L (EXCLUDING PH)
Ref Pollutants Class I Class II Class III Class IV Class V
1 pH 6to9 6to9 6to9 6to9 6to9
2 DO> 7.5 6 5 3 2(or 90% sat)
3 COD Mfl• 2 4 6 10 15
4 CODc,!s 15 15 20 30 40
5 BOD5s 3 3 4 6 10
6 N-NH3< 0.015 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
7 Total phosphorus (P) S 0.02 (0.01)' 0.1 (0.025)' 0.2 (0.05) 0.3 (0.1) 0.4 (0.2)*
31 Be (mg/L) <=0.00002 <=0.0001 <=0.0002 <=0.001 >0.001
32 Ba (mg/L) <=0.01 <=0.1 <=1.0 <-4.0 >4.0
33 Ni (mg/L) <=0.005 <=0.05 <=0.05 <=0.1 >0.1
34 DDT(pg/L) No inspected <=0.005 <=1.0 <=1.0 >1.0
35 BHC(pg/L) <=0.005 <=0.05 <=5.0 <=5.0 >5.0
36 Total coliform group -3.0 <3.0 <3.0 -100 >100(no./L) <30=. <30=0__37 Total number of bacteri <=100 <=100 <=100 <=1000 >1000
(no.IL) _ _ _ _ _ _
38 Total a radioactivit <=0.1 <=0.1 <=0.1 >0.1 >0.1(BqIL)
39 Total 0 radioactivi -O.1 <=1.0 <=1.0 >1.0 >1.0
SOGREAH - LWN - N-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE12
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
1.6. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS FOR NOISE
Class Two standard of Urban Area Environmental Noise Standards GB3096-1995, applies toresidential, commercial and industrial mixed area.
NOISE STANDARDS OF URBAN AREA
Types Day Unit; [Leq[dB(A)] Night [Unit; Leq[dB(A)]
0 50 45
1 55 45
2 60 50
3 65 55
4 70 55
1.7. ENVIRONMENTAL VIBRATION STANDARDS
Environmental vibration adopts Urban Area Environmental Vibration Standards (GB10070-88),which applies to mixed area and commercial center area: day 75dB(A), night 72dB(A).
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 13
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
2. EMISSION STANDARDS
2.1. WASTE WATER
Waste water treatment plant effluents must conform to the Comprehensive Emission Standards ofWaste Water (GB8978-1996), as presented below.
COMPREHENSIVE EMISSION STANDARDS OF WASTE WATER (UNIT MGIL EXCEPT PH)
Ref. Pollutant Class One Class Three
1 PH 6to9 6to9
2 SS 70 400
3 CODCr 100 500
4 BOD5 20 300
5 Oil 5 20
6 P 0.1 0.3
7 N-NH3 15
8 Volatile hydroxybenzene 0.5 2.0
9 Sulfide 1.0 1.0
10 Fluoride 10 20
11 Total Cu 0.5 2.0
12 Total Zn 2.0 5.0
13 Total Mn 2.0 5.0
14 Total Hg^ 0.05 0.05
15 Total Cd^ 0.1 0.1
16 Total Cr* 1.5 1.5
17 Cr6S* 0.5 0.5
18 Total As* 0.5 0.5
Adopts maximum acceptable emission concentration
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 14
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
2.2. EXHAUST GAS
Exhaust gas adopts Comprehensive Emission Standards of Air Pollutant (GB16297-1996)
Limited Values of Air Pollutant from New Source (Unit; mg/m3 )
Ref Pollutant Maximum acceptable Controlling value to in-organizedemission concentration emission
1 So2 Beyond boundary; 0.40
2 TSP 120 (others) Beyond boundary; 1.0
3 NO, 240 (others) Beyond boundary; 0.12
4 Cl2 65 Beyond boundary; 0.40
5 F- 9.0 (others) Beyond boundary; 20(pg/m3)
2.3. NOISE
Construction noise adopts Limiting Values in Construction Area (GB12523-90) standards.
NOISE LIMITING VALUES IN CONSTRUCTION AREA UNIT: LEQ(DB(A))
Limiting valuesConstruction period Main noise sources
Day Night
Cubic meter of earth Bulldozer, grab, loading truck 75 55and stone
Piling Various pile driver 85 Ban
Construction Concrete mixer, vibrating tamper, 70 55electrical saw, etc.
Fitting Crane, elevator, etc 65 55
oOo
SOGREAH - LWN - ND-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 15
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
, i GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
APPENDIX 4
WATER QUALITY DATA
IOGREAH - LWN - N~-235OO67 APRIL 2006 PAGE 16
SOGREAH -LWN- N=-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 16 , i I fI
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
Routine Water Quality Monitoring Results of Foshan Waterway (2002)
Section Statistical indexes TC) pH DO CODmn CODCr BOO NH,N TP Cu Zn Fluoride Se As Hg Cd Cr Pb Cyanide Phenol Oil LAS Sulfide FeralLo
Number of sample 24 24 24 24 / 24 24 I _ / I 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 I
Maximum 28.2 7.86 0.65 4.7 I 4.88 5.82 I I / / 0.0130 Y 0.0003 0.037 0.092 Y 0.004 2.30 _
Luosha Minimum 14.1 6.87 8.62 1.5 I 0.40 0.02 I Y Y Y 0.005 Y Y Y Y
Average 21.1 7.18 6.68 2.7 I 1.49 1.1 _ _ / I 0.0048 Y 0.0001 0.019 0.014 0.002 0.002 0.33 _
Over-limit rate% -- 0.0 16.7 0.0 I 0.0 25.0 I I I I I 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.3 0.0 0.0 16.7 / I I
Number of sample 24 24 24 24 I 24 24 I I / / 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 _
Maximum 29.1 7.88 0.48 11.6 I 24.43 23.04 I I / / 0.0075 Y 0.0007 0.062 0.073 Y 0.012 3.40 _
Juebian Minimum 15.4 6.82 6.30 3.0 / 1.80 0.32 / I I I I 0.0007 Y Y 0.004 0.002 Y Y 0.10 I I /
Average 21.8 7.11 2.49 6.7 I 7.32 6.12 / I I I 0.0035 Y 0.0002 0.021 0.020 0.002 0.005 0.70 _
Over-limit rate% - 0.0 58.3 16.7 I 41.7 83.3 / I I / I 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.3 16.7 0.0 8.3 25.0 I
Number of sample 24 24 24 24 I 24 24 I I I I 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 /
Maximum 29.5 7.76 0.46 12.3 I 16.80 8.53 / I I / I 0.0109 Y 0.0004 0.075 0.080 Y 0.015 4.40 I /
HengjiaC Minimum 16.0 6.85 1.33 5.8 / 4.53 2.62 I I I I I Y Y Y 0.006 Y Y 0.003 0.20 I /
Average 22.2 7.15 0.78 8.0 I 8.83 5.23 I I I I I 0.0038 Y 0.0002 0.030 0.015 0.002 0.007 0.95 I /
Over-limit rate% 0.0 100 20.8 I 58.3 100 I I I / 0.0 0.0 0.0 20.8 8.3 0.0 16.7 54.2 _
Class IV Standard _ 6-9 3 10 30 6 1.5 0.3 1.0 2.0 1.5 0.02 0.1 0.001 0.005 0.05 0.05 0.2 0.01 0.5 0.3 0.5 20000
Note "Y" represents "undetectable", .I" represents 'not detected". The unit is mgIL except special mark
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 1
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
Routine Water Quality Monitoring Results of Foshan Waterway (2003)
Section RStatistical indexes T pH DO CODM COD, BOD NH,-N TP Cu Zn Fluoride Se As Hg Cd C' Pb Cyanide Phenol Oil LAS Sulfide Fecalcolform
Class IV Standard - 6-9 3 10 30 6 1.5 0.3 1.0 2.0 1.5 0.02 0.1 0.001 0.005 0.05 0.05 0.2 0.01 0.5 0.3 0.5 20000
Note "Y" represents "undetectable",./" represents 'not detected". The unit is mg/L except special mark
SOGREAH - LWN - N"-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 2
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
Routine Water Quality Monitoring Results of Foshan Waterway (2004)
Statistical indexes T pH DO CODMf COOD, BOD NH,-N TP Cu Zn Fluoride Se As Hg Crd Pb Cyanide Phenol Oil LAS Sulfide Fecal coliform (unitL)Section (C) Cd
Class IV Standard - 6-9 3 10 30 6 1.5 0.3 1.0 2.0 1.5 0.02 0.1 0.001 0.005 0.05 0.05 0.2 0.01 0.5 0.3 0.5 20000
Note: =Y" represents 'undetectable",."/ represents 'not detected". The unit is mg/L except special mark
- SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 3
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT-APPENDIX
Routine Water Quality Monitoring Results of Pingzhou Waterway (2002-2004)
T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~FecalYear Statistical indexes CC ) pH DO CODM, CODC, BOD NH3-N TP Cu Zn Fluoride Se As Hg Cd Cr6+ Pb Cyanide Phenol Oil LAS Sulfide coliform
Note "Y" represents "undetectable",."'/ represents 'not detected". The unit is mg/L except special mark. The assessment standard of luosha, Jiebian, Hengjiao is class IV, and that of Pingzhou is class Ill.
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 5
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICES
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
Water Quality Monitoring Results of Foshan Waterway (Jul.2005)
Section Tide _ Stvaalue T pH DO CODMn BOD5 CODcr NH3-N F | TP PetroleumPhenol Hg As Cd Cr Cr6 Pb Cu Zn Ni
Minimum 27.8 7.69 6.5 2.1 2.4 44 0.576 0.180 0.140 0.06 Y Y 0.0023 Y - 0.0100 Y Y Y -
Ebb Maximum 27.8 7.71 6.5 2.7 2.4 49 0.613 0.200 0.150 0.06 Y Y 0.0028 Y - 0.0110 Y Y Y -
Luosha _ Average 27.8 7.70 6.5 2.4 2.4 45 0.595 0.190 0.145 0.06 Y Y 0.0026 Y - 0.0105 Y Y Y -
Minimum 27.8 7.73 6.7 1.6 2.4 18 0.585 0.170 0.100 0.05 Y Y 0.0017 Y - 0.0120 Y Y Y -
Flood Maximum 28.1 7.78 6.8 1.8 2.5 25 0.640 0.170 0.110 0.05 Y Y 0.0020 Y - 0.0130 Y Y Y -
Average 27.8 7.76 6.75 1.7 2.45 21.5 0.613 0.170 0.105 0.05 Y Y 0.0018 Y - 0.0125 Y Y Y -
Minimum 27.6 7.54 6.0 3.4 2.2 19 0.712 0.340 0.170 0.22 Y Y 0.0030 Y - 0.0110 Y Y Y -
Ebb Maximum 27.6 7.72 6.1 3.6 2.7 30 0.735 0.360 0.210 0.26 Y Y 0.0034 Y - 0.0120 Y Y Y -
Jiebian Average 27.6 7.63 6.05 3.5 2.45 24.5 0.724 0.350 0.190 0.24 Y Y 0.0032 Y - 0.0115 Y Y Y -
Minimum 28.1 7.75 6.5 2.0 2.6 22 0.735 0.220 0.170 0.20 Y Y 0.0023 Y - 0.0130 Y Y Y -
Flood Maximum 28.1 7.78 6.6 2.6 2.7 45 0.786 0.220 0.200 0.22 0.002 Y 0.0032 Y - 0.0150 Y Y Y -
Average 28.1 7.76 6.55 2.3 2.65 33.5 0.760 0.220 0.185 0.21 0.001 Y 0.0028 Y - 0.0140 Y Y Y -
Waterway Minimum 27.8 7.34 Y 6.1 6.7 33 4.283 1.070 0.400 0.46 0.0020 Y 0.0024 Y - 0.0160 Y Y Y -
Ebb Maximum 27.8 7.35 Y 6.3 7.0 49 4.880 1.110 0.430 0.49 0.0040 Y 0.0024 Y - 0.0170 Y Y Y -
Hengjiao Average 27.8 7.34 Y 6.2 6.85 41 4.582 1.140 0.415 0.475 0.0030 Y 0.0024 Y - 0.0165 Y Y Y -
Minimum 28.0 7.16 Y 5.5 2.2 56 1.136 1.320 0.140 0.47 0.0030 Y 0.0021 Y - 0.0150 Y Y Y -
Flood Maximum 28.0 7.23 Y 6.3 8.4 66 1.229 1.410 0.420 0.49 0.0040 Y 0.0033 Y - 0.0160 Y Y Y -
Average 28.0 7.20 Y 5.9 5.3 61 1.182 1.365 0.280 0.48 0.0035 Y 0.0028 Y - 0.0155 Y Y y _
Minimum 30.7 7.59 1.6 1.6 2.4 - 0.711 - 0.17 0.05 Y Y Y Y Y 0.001 0.0073 0.02 Y
Ebb Maximum 31.1 8.23 4.4 2.9 5.3 - 4.790 - 0.27 0.25 Y Y Y 0.0005 - Y 0.026 0.0115 0.17 Y
Shawei Average 30.8 7.93 3.1 2.3 4.1 _ 2.260 - 0.22 0.14 Y Y Y 0.0002 - Y 0.012 0.0085 0.08 Yqiao Minimum 30.9 7.89 4.3 1.5 1.7 = 0.567 - 0.19 0.10 Y Y Y Y - Y 0.002 0.0029 Y Y
Flood Maximum 31.1 8.43 5.1 2.0 4.2 _ 1.490 - 0.20 0.25 Y Y Y 0.0018 - Y 0.021 0.0117 0.07 Y
I Average 31.0 8.14 4.6 1.8 2.6 = 1.098 - 0.20 0.20 Y Y Y 0.0005 - Y 0.009 0.0153 0.03 Y
Class V Standard - 6-9 2 15 10 40 2.0 1.5 0.4 1.0 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.01 - 0.1 0.1 1.0 2.0
Note: "Y" represents "undetectable',."/" represents "not detected". The unit is mg/L except T (C ) and pH.
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 6
GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT- THE WORLD BANK
GUANGDONG PEARL RIVER DELTA URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT2 - FOSHAN SUBPROJECT
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OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
Water Quality Monitoring Results of Foshan Creek (Jul.2005)
Section Tide Statistical T pH DO CODMn BOD5 SS NH3-N CODCr TP Petroleum Phenol Hg As Cd Cr Cr6 Pb Cu Zn Nivalue
Minimum - 7.50 Y 6.1 15.5 20 7.43 - 1.02 0.20 0.004 Y Y Y Y Y 0.002 0.0050 Y Y
Ebb Maximum - 7.81 Y 24.0 42.6 92 7.94 - 1.15 0.52 0.005 Y Y Y Y Y 0.004 0.0121 0.03 Y
Renming Average - 7.68 Y 11.1 29.6 54 7.61 - 1.08 0.37 0.004 Y Y Y Y Y 0.003 0.0085 0.01 YQiao Minimum - 7.67 Y 7.1 19.6 8 7.68 - 0.82 0.35 0.004 Y Y Y Y Y 0.002 0.0040 Y Y
Flood Maximum - 7.80 Y 12.1 22.0 62 8.35 - 0.98 0.35 0.005 Y Y Y Y Y 0.010 0.0076 Y Y
Average - 7.72 Y 8.7 20.5 34 8.00 - 0.91 0.35 0.004 Y Y Y Y Y 0.005 0.0052 Y Y
Minimum - 7.64 Y 5.39 6.22 17 7.61 - 0.33 0.05 Y Y Y Y Y Y 0.003 0.0030 Y Y
Ebb Maximum - 7.68 Y 6.53 20.98 24 8.97 - 0.39 0.15 Y Y Y 0.0004 Y Y 0.061 0.0128 0.02 Y
Foshan Zhen'an Average - 7.66 Y 5.96 11.60 20 8.17 - 0.37 0.10 Y Y Y 0.0002 Y Y 0.020 0.0067 0.01 Ycreek Minimum - 7.63 Y 6.86 19.58 28 8.58 - 0.73 0.20 Y Y Y Y Y Y 0.003 0.0031 Y Y
Flood Maximum - 7.77 Y 12.57 21.83 33 8.97 - 0.93 0.50 Y Y Y 0.0005 Y Y 0.011 0.0078 0.03 Y
Average - 7.70 Y 10.29 20.36 31 8.83 - 0.81 0.35 Y Y Y 0.0002 Y Y 0.007 0.0050 0.03 Y
Minimum 30.5 7.52 0.1 4.4 12.6 10 2.37 - 0.41 0.20 Y Y Y Y Y Y 0.002 0.0052 Y Y
Ebb Maximum 31.6 7.86 0.6 10.8 25.3 60 7.56 - 0.46 0.30 0.004 Y Y 0.0002 Y Y 0.004 0.0102 0.04 Y
Shiken Average 31.1 7.73 0.4 6.6 20.2 43 5.70 - 0.44 0.20 0.003 Y Y 0.0001 Y Y 0.003 0.0070 0.03 Y
Minimum 31.6 7.76 0.9 1.6 4.0 28 0.86 - 0.43 0.20 Y Y Y Y Y Y 0.001 0.0041 0.03 Y
Flood Maximum 33.5 7.93 3.6 5.6 20.2 33 5.40 - 0.49 0.25 0.004 Y Y 0.0006 Y Y 0.005 0.0099 0.13 Y
Average 32.3 7.82 2.6 3.1 10.3 31 2.41 - 0.46 0.22 0.001 Y Y 0.0002 Y Y 0.002 0.0073 0.07 Y
Class V Standard - 6-9 2 15 10 - 2.0 40 0.4 1.0 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.01 - 0.005 0.1 1.0 2.0 -
Note: 'Y" represents "undetectable",.T' represents "not detected". The unit is mg/L except T (*C) and pH.
SOGREAH - LWN - N'-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 7
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WATER QUALITY MONITORING RESULT OF PINGZHOU WATERWAY AND XILIN RIVER (JUL.2005)
Section Tide Statistical T pH DO CODMr BOD5 SS NH3-N CODcr TP Petroleum Phenol Hg As Cd Cr Cr6+ Pb Cu Zn Ni
Minimum 30.7 7.95 4.6 1.3 0.7 8 0.066 - 0.08 0.15 Y Y Y 0.0001 Y Y 0.002 0.0054 Y Y
Ebb Maximum 30.8 8.15 5.1 1.5 1.2 53 0.211 - 0.10 0.20 Y Y Y 0.0006 Y Y 0.006 0.0114 0.04 Y
Zhongqu Average 30.7 8.06 4.9 1.4 0.9 30 0.153 - 0.09 0.16 Y Y Y 0.0002 Y Y 0.003 0.0075 0.03 Y
Minimum 30.7 7.91 4.6 1.5 0.7 8 0.250 - 0.07 0.05 Y Y Y 0.0001 Y Y Y 0.0019 Y Y
Flood Maximumr 31.1 7.96 5.2 1.9 2.0 24 0.781 - 0.11 0.12 Y Y Y 0.0002 Y Y 0.002 0.0063 0.02 Y
Average 30.9 7.94 4.9 1.6 1.2 17 0.425 - 0.09 0.08 Y Y Y 0.0001 Y Y 0.002 0.0042 0.005 Y
Waterway Minimum 27.1 7.74 6.1 1.6 Y - 0.170 7 0.04 0.04 Y Y 0.0003 Y Y 0.021 0.004 0.0062 Y YEbb Maximum 27.1 7.78 6.1 1.9 Y - 0.254 8 0.04 0.04 Y Y 0.0004 Y Y 0.023 0.007 0.0092 Y Y
Pingzhou Average 27.1 7.77 6.1 1.7 Y - 0.216 7 0.04 0.04 Y Y 0.0004 Y Y 0.022 0.006 0.0076 Y Y
Minimum 27.3 7.78 6.1 1.6 Y - 0.122 7 0.04 0.04 Y Y 0.0015 Y Y 0.022 Y 0.0037 Y Y
Flood Maximum 27.3 7.78 6.2 1.7 Y - 0.175 9 0.04 0.04 Y Y 0.0017 Y Y 0.023 0.007 0.0081 Y Y
Average 27.3 7.78 6.1 1.6 Y - 0.140 8 0.04 0.04 Y Y 0.0016 Y Y 0.022 0.005 0.0055 Y Y
Minimum 30.6 7.9 2.7 2.5 3.5 20 0.623 - 0.27 0.05 Y Y Y Y Y Y 0.003 0.0054 0.03 Y
Ebb Maximum 31.2 7.9 3.9 3.7 5.5 32 1.11 - 0.26 0.10 y y y y Y Y 0.004 0.0056 0.04 Y
Xilin Xilin Average 30.9 7.9 3.3 3.1 4.5 26 0.866 - 0.26 0.07 Y Y Y Y Y Y 0.003 0.0055 0.03 YStream Minimum 31.6 7.82 3.8 2.7 3.6 9 1.18 - 0.26 0.05 Y Y Y Y Y Y 0.002 0.0050 0.02 Y
Flood Maximum 31.8 7.94 3.9 4.2 6.5 31 1.97 - 0.24 0.10 Y Y Y 0.0001 Y Y 0.014 0.0064 Y Y
Average 31.7 7.88 3.8 3.5 5.0 20 1.58 = 0.25 0.07 Y Y Y Y Y Y 0.008 0.0057 0.01 Y
Class V Standard - 6-9 2 15 10 - 2.0 40 0.4 1.0 0.1 0.001 0.1 0.01 0.005 0.1 1.0 2.0 -
Note: "Y" represents "undetectable",.'"' represents "not detected". The unit is mg/L except T ( C) and pH.
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Water Quality Monitoring Results of Shunde Waterway
Section Tide T(TC) pH DO CODcr BOD5 SS Phenol Petroleum NH3- TP Hg As Cd Cr Cr6' PbN
Ebb 30.18 7.83 5.92 1.62 0.83 29.75 Y 0.11 0.43 0.04 Y Y 0.0002 Y Y 0.0021 #
Flood 30.83 8.01 6.18 1.57 1.07 17.75 Y 0.14 0.21 0.07 Y Y 0.0002 Y Y 0.001
Ebb 30.45 7.90 5.82 1.59 1.08 26.50 Y 0.15 0.22 0.07 Y Y 0.0002 Y Y 0.002
Flood 31.10 7.98 6.14 1.51 1.05 10.50 Y 0.11 0.21 0.09 Y Y 0.0002 Y Y 0.002
Water Quality Monitonng Results of Jili Creek
Section Tide T(-C) pH DO CODcr BOD5 SS Phenol Petroleum |H | TP Hg As Cd Cr Cr6 Pb
Ebb 30.63 7.79 4.85 1.74 3.10 34.25 Y 0.14 0.58 0.12 Y Y 0.0008 Y Y 0.004
Flood 30.88 8.00 6.05 1.43 1.27 30.00 Y 0.13 0.28 0.0 Y Y 0.0001 Y Y 0.0008
Ebb 29.63 7.80 6.38 1.65 0.92 29.25 Y 0.11 0.26 0.07 Y Y 0.0002 Y Y 0.001
Flood 30.70 7.97 6.04 1.51 1.01 16.50 Y 0.19 0.20 0.09 Y Y 0.0001 Y Y 0.0008
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APPENDIX 5
AIR QUALITY MONITORING DATA
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Meteorological Condition during Monitoring
TimeMeteorological
Date parameter 7:00 10:00 14:00 19:00
temperature (°C) 29.1 32.1 35 31.6
air pressure (hPa) 1041 1047 1053 1046July/14/2005
wind speed (m/s) 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4
wind direction 35 39 34 26
temperature (C) 29.2 32.3 35.6 31.8
air pressure (hPa) 1041 1048 1054 1047July/i 5/2005
wind speed (m/s) 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4
Wind direction 33 36 35 28
temperature (°C) 30.4 33 35.3 32.5
air pressure (hPa) 1044 1049 1054 1048July/16/2005
wind speed (m/s) 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5
Wind direction 211 308 218 197
temperature (DC) 30 33.3 36.2 34.3
air pressure (hPa) 1043 1050 1055 1052July/17/2005
wind speed (m/s) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Wind direction 271 251 264 238
temperature (°C) 30.7 34.6 38.4 35.9
air pressure (hPa) 1044 1052 1060 1055July/i 8/2005
wind speed (m/s) 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4
Wind direction 263 304 324 261
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(Continued) Meteorological Condition during Monitoring
TimeDate Meteorological parameter
7:00 10:00 14:00 19:00
temperature ( C) 29.0 34.7 37.3 32.2
air pressure (hPa) 998 999 996 996
July/27/2005 Wind direction 194 171 153 167
wind speed (m/s) 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.5
relative humidity (%) 79.0 60.0 50.2 60.9
temperature (°C) 28.6 37.6 38.5 32.4
air pressure (hPa) 998 997 996 995
July/28/2005 Wind direction 72 100 58 105
wind speed (m/s) 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5
relative humidity (%) 76.9 48.2 43.7 64.6
temperature (°C) 29.4 33.0 29.6 27.5
air pressure (hPa) 995 995 994 995
July/29/2005 Wind direction 50 71 112 76
wind speed (m/s) 1.7 2.7 1.8 0.7
relative humidity (%) 74.8 63.3 77.6 90.3
temperature (C ) 26.5 27.1 28.7 26.1
air pressure (hPa) 996 997 996 997
July/30/2005 Wind direction 82 91 92 160
wind speed (m/s) 1.8 1.9 1.5 1.6
relative humidity (%) 89.3 87.3 84.5 87.7
temperature (C) 25.9 26.4 25.2 26.6
air pressure (hPa) 999 1001 1001 1001
July/31/2005 Wind direction 99 95 114 91
wind speed (m/s) 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.5
relative humidity (%) 93.4 93.0 93.3 93.5
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OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
Monitoring Result of H2S along Foshan Waterway (mg/Nm3 )
Al A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7
07:00 0.025 0.018 0.015 0.016 0.016 Not detected 0.019
10:00 0.032 0.016 Not Not detected 0.018 0.026 0.020
detectedMaximum 0.018 0.019 0.036 0.037 0.048Daily average value 0.016 0.014 0.027 0.027 0.03507:00 0.016 0.016 0.022 0.056 0.03510:00 0.017 Not 0.018 0.042 0.016
detectedJuly/30/2005 14:00 0.014 0.014 Not detected 0.040 0.018
19:00 0.019 Not 0.019 0.023 Not detecteddetected
Minimum 0.014 Not Not detected 0.023 Not detecteddetected
Maximum 0.019 0.016 0.022 0.056 0.035Daily average value 0.017 0.010 0.016 0.040 0.01907:00 Not Not 0.024 0.054 0.016
detected detected10:00 Not 0.015 0.021 0.022 0.021
July/31/2005 detected14:00 0.015 0.019 Not detected Not detected 0.01719:00 0.018 0.026 0.018 0.031 Not detectedMinimum Not Not Not detected Not detected Not detected
detected detectedMaximum 0.018 0.026 0.024 0.054 0.021Daily average value 0.011 0.016 0.017 0.028 0.015
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Minimum of hourly Not Not Not detected Not detected Not detectedJuly/27/2005 average value detected detected-July/31/2005 Maximum of hourly 0.019 0.028 0.036 0.056 0.048
average valueMinimum of daily 0.007 0.007 0.013 0.017 0.015average valueMinimum of daily 0.017 0.027 0.027 0.040 0.035
_ average value I I I I I
Monitoring result of NH3 around Zhen'an WWTP (mg/Nm3)
The vegetation communities for the project site are mainly shrub and herb with higher
greenery coverage, and the land is flat, which results in low soil erosion. But during
construction and sludge airing, the vegetation will be destroyed and cleared; the topsoil will be
disturbed, soil erosion will occur under south sub-tropical rainy climate.
The equation to evaluate the water and soil loss is as following according to the United States
Department of Agriculture. The formula is:
A=R*K*LS*C*P
here:
A the average annual soil loss in tons per acre, that is soil erosion modulus (tVha.a),
R the rainfall factor (JIha.mmla),
K the soil erodibility factor;
LS -the terrain factor (slope length and slope ratio),
C the cropping and management factor;
P -the factor for supporting conservation practices.
The value of the parameters depends on the characteristic of the construction and locus's
geology and terrain.
According to the annual rainfall in Foshan, the rainfall factor R is equal to 387.71. Because
the organic matter in sediment is more than 4%, then K is valued 0.42. And the project land is
almost flat with low slope, so LS is 0.22. C is 0.04 for the 80% to 85% greening coverage with
shrub and herb. Moreover the land will be bare by felling plants during the construction and
sludge airing, C is 1. If there is not any water and soil conservation during the construction
and sludge airing, P is 1. If any measures are taken such as barrel-drain, catch drain,
retaining wall, the soil erosion will be reduced by at least 50 percent. On average, P value is
0.65 when taking some measures. The results are shown in following tables.
Comparison of soil erosion modulus before construction and during construction and airing
Time R K Ls C P A2
Before construction 381.71 0.42 0.59 0.04 1 2.162During construction andairing (without water and 381.71 0.42 0.59 1 1 94.588
soil conservation)During construction and
aiiing (with water and soil 381.71 0.42 0.59 1 0.65 61.482conservation)
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 25
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here:
AL - the decrement of the noise change with the distance (dB),
rl r2 -the distance from a noise source,
L1-the noise value at a distance of rl from the source (dB)
L2-the noise value at a distance of r2 from the source (dB)
The construction noise mainly comes from the operating equipment and the traffic noise,which includes the operating of machines in every stage, the loading and unloading ofmateriel, and the builders' activities. The table followed shows the main noise sources andtheir noise value on different construction stages.
The sound level of main source on different construction stages Unit: dB(A)
Construction Sound Building Soundphase ~ Sound source level? dB phadie Sound source level/ dBphase (A) phase (A)
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C(x, y,O) = Q(2)rua aj-2)' exp[-y 2 /(2a 2 )] . F
4-A (Z*th - Hf)" (2va,+IId')= -h {exp(- bn.F_-1
here:
h-the thickness of the mixing layer;
k-reflecting times;
(yy 'y~ -the diffusion parameter;
The value of aY and az can be calculated according to HJ/T2.2-93. And the revision should
be done according to different situation of the pollution source.
For the area source, the value of ay and a z can be revised by the following equation:
ay = cyI'+ ay /4.3
a- = ca'+ H/2.15
o- = ca-'+ a. /4.3
here:
Y. az the values directly calculated by use of the HJ/T2.2-93;
ay, az-the length of the pollution source follows the y and z direction respectively;
H-the mean height of the area source, unit: meter;
0 Wind velocity at the height of 10 meters UIO <1.5m/s:In the conditions of light air and calm wind, the integral puff model has been used which isrecommended in the national environmental impact assessment (HJIT 2.2- 93). And the basicequations are presented below:
NOTE: THE MEAN CONCENTRATION IN AN HOUR SHOULD BE CALCULATED BY THE Y,
Air diffusion parameters (half an hour) in conditions of light air and calm wind Unit: m
Conditions of Stability aaC
Instability 0.76T 0.47TMid-stability 0.47T 0.12T
Stability 0.44T 0.07T
NOTE: ax = Y O
The value of rY and az can be calculated according to HJ/T2.2-93. And the sample interval
revision should be done according to different situation of the pollution source.
For the area source, the value of 'Y and az can be revised by the following equation:
aty =ayI+ a, /4.3
cz = z '+ H/2. 15
cz = c,z'+ az /4.3
here:
ay. Cz the values directly calculated by use of HJ/T2.2-93;
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 30
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ay, a2-the length of the pollution source follows the y and z direction respectively;
H the mean height of the area source, unit: meter.
Index number of speed profile
Index number of speed profile
Conditions of stability Instability Mid-stability StabilityValue of P 0.15 0.25 0.30
* Water Environmental Impact Prediction and Assessment ModelAccording to the "Project of Multi-city Water Pollution Comprehensive Regulation in
Guangzhou-Foshan"(GFP, 2001), an aquatic environmental mathematic model has been
developed by School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun-Yat-Sen University for
the hydrodynamic feature and water quality of the network area from Foshan to Guangzhou
(including the river network of Beijiang Delta, the Pearl River main channel in Guangzhou and
its tributary headwaters), and has been validated with the observed data. The simulative
result is quite in agreement with the observed data, so the model can be applied to the
predictive calculation.
* 1-D Hydrodynamic Model for River Network and the ValidationThe principle to select the calculation area is: (a) covering the whole planning area; (b) having
closed boundaries; (c) the uncertain factors outside the downstream boundary have little
effect on the calculation result of the main channels. The calculation area for GFP including
the river network area that is on the east of the Sanshui section (located at the Beijiang Main
Channel), the north of the Dengzhou section (located at the border between Dongping
Channel and Tanzhou Channel) and the Lezhu section (located at the Chenchun Channel),
the west of the Duntouji section (located at the Pearl River Channel) and the south of the
Xiashi section (located at the Baini River). There are 44 nodes in the calculation area; the
total channel length is 384.5km.
Since 1-D network model is applied to calculation, a simplification of the natural open
channels is necessary. In order to develop the discrete simultaneous equations for the
network, the unknowns and the equations must be set in order firstly. The straight reaches,
nodes, boundaries are numbered and a flow direction is specified to each reaches, which can
be specified at random. The straight reaches are numbered as (1), (2)... the channel nodes
are numbered as 1, 2.... The number of sections in a straight reach is determined by the
number of the reach and the given flow direction: from the first straight reach to the last one
according to the number of the straight reaches, and in each reach from upstream to
downstream (following the given direction). Then the order of the calculation sections in the
network area is set in an order with the numbers 1, 2, 3... Hence, the river network in the
calculation area is simplified to 71 straight reaches, 44 nodes and 361 calculation sections.
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DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICESOVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
Hydrodynamic ModelContinuity Equation:
1 aQ aHI a+ aH = qLB ax at
Momentum Equation:
a +U au + aH +9 2u °at ax a9x C
2R
Here:
H - water level of the section,
Q - the discharge,
u=QS -the mean velocity at cross-section,
S -the flow section area,
g -the acceleration of gravity,B -the channel width with different water level,
qL -the lateral inflow,
R -the hydraulic radius,
C -the Chezy coefficient,
x, t the coordinate in space and time respectively.
* Junction Equations for Nodes1) Discharge Junction:
The total discharge of inflows and outflows at a node must be equal to the increasing ordecreasing rate of the storage at the node:
aw Zj+ -ZjE- ' at At
here:
Q, -the inflow to a node through cross-section i,
W -the storage volume,
A -the storage area,
Z'j+, Zj -water level at the time j + 1 and j respectively at the node.
If the storage area is small enough, then:
Y'Q, =0
2) Momentum Junction:
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OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIXIf both the cross-section areas and velocities of different sections are quite different, and the localloss at nodes is ignored, Bernoulli Equation is:
2 2
H,I+" =H2 + U22g 2g
If the node can be simplified as a geometrical point and the levels of inflow and outflow are evenwithout acute change, then the levels of each branch should be equal to the mean level at thenode:
HI =H2 = ...... = Ho
* Model Solution MethodPreissmann is applied as the difference method, and the obtained simultaneous equations aresolved by use of three stage calculation, which means the calculation is divided into three stages:segment, reach and node.
* Initial and Boundary ConditionsThere are three types of boundary conditions: discharge boundary condition, water levelboundary condition and the relationship between discharge and water level.
The observed data and the monitoring data from hydrology department are used to calculate thehydrodynamic status of the Guangzhou-Foshan river network area in GFP.
In order to learn more about the hydrodynamic conditions of the area and provide boundary
conditions and validation data for the model, two hydrologic investigation were carried out byEnvironmental School at Sun-Yat-Sen University, one on Mon. 4-11th in 2001 during dry season,and the other on Jun. 7-14th in 2001 during wet season, 17 investigation sections were set,including 7 tidal current sections and 10 water level sections, the locations and names are shownin the following table. The tidal current investigation was taken during neap, moderate and springtide in dry and wet season, each observation was held continuously for 26 hours which includingthe measurement of velocity, flow direction and depth. The water level investigation alsocollected the hourly level observed data for 1 month from 10 gauging stations.
Investigation Sections
Section Name Stream Item PeriodHeshun Xinan Creek velocity, flow direction, depthXiashi Baini River velocity, flow direction, depth Jan. 4th- 11th , 2001
Yanbu Yanbu River velocity, flow direction, depth Jun. 7th-14th, 2001Huangjing Dashi Channel velocity, flow direction, depthPingzhou Dongping Channel velocity, flow direction, depthSanshui Beijiang Main Channel Water levelSanduo Nansha Creek Water level Jan. 1st-31th, 2001Zidong Shunde Channel Water levelLanshi Dongping River Water level
Wudouqiao Pingzhou Waterway Water level Jun. lst-30th, 2001Lezhu Chencun Channel Water level
Fubiaochang Back Channel Water levelDashi Sanzhixiang Channel Water level Apr. 15th-May 5th,
Zhongda Front Channel Water level 1995Huangpu Huangpu Channel Water level
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Three periods (Jun. 23-30th in 2001, Apr. 15-23th in 1995 and Jan. 4-11th in 2001) are
selected to simulate continuously for 8 days, which represent the wet season, average seasonand dry season and include spring, moderate and neap tide periods.
The initial water level and discharge are set to be zero.
. Roughness Coefficient of River BedAccording to the existing research data, the river bed roughness of Pearl River Delta varies from0.016 to 0.0278, which is adopted by the model and the roughness coefficient is set afterdebugging.
. Hydrodynamic Model Validation
In GFP, 6 sections are selected for water level validation, 5 for velocity and flow direction.
Stream Xinan Creek Channel Foshan Waterway Dashi Channel Doping
* Validation ResultThe data of June, 2001 is selected to calibrate the model parameters, and then the parametersare applied to calculate the flow field of January, 2001.
Water Level Validation of Dry Season:(a) Observed and simulative water level at Zidong in Jan., 2001
1. 5
1 A~~~~~~
0. -A -Simulated
( ) 24 48 72 6 120 4 V 8 12 216B 0. 5
Time (h)
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 35
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OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX(b) Observed and simulative water level at Lanshi in Jan., 2001
1 . 5~_r~~~~~~~~~ --
I. 5> fAOb* OIserved-Simulated
2 48 2 6 12 4 ~~~ ~~~~~1~2 216
-1.5LTime (h)
(c) Observed and simulative water level at Wudouqiao in Jan., 2001
2
0.5
0--0. 56
-1. 5
Time (h)
(d) Observed and simulative water level at Zhongda in Jan. 2001
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
a 10.5 [Observed0 -Smltd
a 24 44 72 96 120 ~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~44 68 2 216-0.5
-1. 5
Time (h)
SOGREAH - LWN - N'-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 36
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OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX(e) Observed and simulative water level at Fubiaochang in Jan., 2001
The validation demonstrates that the simulation of the tide current and tide level in the study areais fairly successful. The velocity and flow direction at all the validation sections in dry seasonchanges nearly the same as the observed data. The simulations of water level changing atZidong and Lanshi in summer can successfully show a part of a flood event. No matter insummer or in dry season, the water level simulations at Zhongda, Fubiaochang and Dashi are in
good agreement with the observed process. However, there are differences between thesimulative and the observed velocity at all the sections in summer. The hydrodynamic simulationis quite successful on the whole, and provides an accurate flow field for the simulation of waterquality.
1-D Water Quality Model for Network and the ValidationCalculation Area of the water quality model is the same as the hydrodynamic model.
Based on the investigation and prediction of the existing water pollution sources, 59 control units
are set in GFP. Part of the discharge amount of different control units are combined according tothe location of the outlets, and finally 55 outlets are left for calculation. The annual discharges ofthe control units after combination are shown as follow.
Discharge Intensity of Control Units after Combination
Control Unit Name Discharge intensity in 2000(tla)NH3-N CODCr
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 41
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Gl Shenshan Creek 1984 14842
G2 Jianggao River 1254 8106
G3 Liuxi River 9761 57494
G4 Shijing River 2065.3 10386
G5 Aokou Creek 210.8 1294
G6 Liwan Creek 52 324.5
G7 Xihao Creek 650.4 4059
G8 Donghao Creek 2281.5 14008.4
G9 Shahe Creek 811 4785.3
G10 Liede Creek 493.7 4224.6
Gll Tangxia Creek 194 1097
G12 Chebei Creek 815 4885
G13 Xin Creek 355 2097
G14 Wen Creek 1717 8974G15 Saiba Creek 538.6 5337.5
G16 Huadi Creek 560 3362
G17 Dacongkou 23 161
G18 Sha Creek 68 466
G19 Donglang Creek 256 1543
G25 Fenjiang 836 4004
G20 Haizhu Creek 886 5873
G21 Yadun Creek 751 4980
G22 Huangpu Creek 476 2992
G23 Shixi Creek 572 3795
G24 Xinjiao 740 4620
Fl Biaobiandou 53 457
F2+N14 Guabu Creek 488 3594
F3 Xin Creek 28 243
F4 Shijiao Creek 454 2256
F5 Jiujiangji 120 585
F6 Nanbei Creek 1678 10919
F7 Haikou Creek 329 2141
F8 Qicha Creek 622 4061
N1+S2+S3 Shihu Creek, Farmland, Xinan Town 2817 21330
N2 Shishan Creek 662 4024
N3 Dalan Creek 381 2578
N4 Lubao Creek 59 415
N5 Gong Creek 111 805
N6 Nei Creek 30 247
N7 Lugang 68 494
N8 Heshunnan 175 1271
N9 Lishui Creek 518 3625
N10 Yayaoshui 765 5987
N1l Mi Creek 250 2135
N12 Huangqi Town 99 806
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 42
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N13 Yanbu Creek 426 3182
N15 Luocun Creek 772 4513
N16 Xiaotang 156 1278
N17 Jinsha Town 525 3565
N18 Nanzhuang 905 6344
N19 Jili 661 4272
N20 Foshan Creek 376 1770
N21 Pingzhou Town 494 3891
N22+N23 Linyue Creek, Sanshuigang 337 3080Si Leping Town 823 4723
Total 43533.4 281347.2
0 Water Quality ModelThe advection, transport and degradation for pollutants in 1-D channel can be formulated as:
* Difference SchemeThe numerical solution of the water quality equations is carried out by implicit upwind differencescheme. Considering the direction of the flow is uncertain in the river network, the flow directionregulation factor is introduced in the discrete equations.
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 43
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OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
Boundary Conditions and Initial ConditionsThe boundary conditions in the model are the given boundary concentrations. A boundarycondition is not needed when the flow at the boundary is outflow, but necessary when inflow.During model calculation, first should judge the flow direction of the channels with externalboundaries and then apply the boundary concentrations to the corresponding channel recurrenceequation.
The initial concentrations are set to be zero.
. Key Parameters of Water QualityIn the tidal rivers and networks, the value of 1-D longitudinal dispersion coefficient is relative tothe timescale of simulation, as well as the location in tidal river. The equation proposed byFishcer in 1975 is applied in the study:
K = 0.01 1-hu, (A5.4.9)
here:
h -the mean depth,
u. - the friction velocity,
J -the hydraulic gradient,
V -the mean velocity at across-section,
A -the cross-section area,B -the width of water surface.
The degradation coefficient of C°Dcr i5 specified to be 0.2 per day.
The degradation coefficient of NH3-N ranges from 0.02 to 0.1 per day referring to the "TheSeventh Five-Year Plan Science and Technological Key Project: Research on the Water QualityModel of the Guangzhou Reach of Pearl River", which is set by model calibration.
* Validation of Water Quality ModelThree sections are selected as the validation sections in the study:
Water Quality Validation Sections
Section No. 75 149 165
Name Heshun Shazhuanchang Pingzhou
Stream Xinan Creek Foshan Waterway Dongping River
The simulation result of the 8-day flow field on Jan. 4-11th in 2001 including spring, moderateand neap tide is calculated by the validated hydrodynamic model, and is applied to simulate thetemporal and spatial distribution of COD and NH3 -N. The results are shown below.
SOGREAH - LWN - NO-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 44
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(a)Observed and simulative COD concentration at Heshun in Jan., 2001
(b) Observed and simulative COD concentration at Shazhuanchang in Jan., 2001
r-65---.D-
5550-
E 45 a z + R\ 7 X r . Observed
3 ,5 \ggi tt , * Simulatedi 30
2520 - -------- --15 C - _ _ _ _ _
10
4- 1 Time(day)
(c) Observed and simulative COD concentration at Pingzhou in Jan., 2001
30
25
2 20
1510
5
0
SOGREAH - LWN - Nr-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 45
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(d)Observed and simulative NH3-N concentration at Heshun in Jan., 2001
7,6
E 4 _N/ ~_ _ * ObservedZ 3 * ..~ < -Simulated
n~ ~ .2 _ -*Time (day)
(e) Observed and simulative NH3-N concentration at Shazhuanchang in Jan., 2001
12 - _ _--
r h \ Bc<;i __-- +Observed3 __ _ __ __ _ _ _S i muIat ed
0
Time (day)
(f) Observed and simulative NH3-N concentration at Pingzhou in Jan., 2001
6
2 | - 6 Observed2 * SimulatedZ 1
Time (day)
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 46
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As can be seen from the comparison between the simulation and the observation, the simulationof COD at Heshun on Jan. 7-8th and 10-11th, and the simulation of COD and NH3-N at
Shazhuanchang on Jan. 4-5th, 7-8th and 10-11th are successful and reflect the trend of thepollutant concentration. However the result of NH3-N at Heshun on Jan. 4-5th is not so good withthe relative error above 50%, which may be caused by simple disposal of the pollutant at thepollution source and the uncontrollable boundary conditions. First, the hydrodynamic simulationis fairly successful as shown above, so it would not be the cause. Second, the type andconcentration of pollutant discharging vary from time to time actually, but the investigation ofpollution source is based on statistical data and what it shows is the annual mean load capacity.As a result, the presumption of continuous discharging has to be applied to the model calculation,which means the annual discharge amount is shared evenly by each time step. In other words,the source intensity adopted in the calculation is not the actual one at the calculation time, whichwill lead to errors between the result and the observation. Moreover, the setting of boundaryconditions has a direct effect on the modeled result. Since the study area is quite large withmultiple boundaries, it is unable to control all the boundaries with observed concentration.Instead, the mean monitoring data of water quality in dry season is applied. Thus, the changingof the concentration of external pollutant input can't be reflected during the simulation. Moreover,the data at the boundary sections with observed concentration process can not include thesimulation period with spring, moderate and neap tide process (8 day in total). So it is the error ofthe setting of boundary conditions in the water quality simulation that leads to the error ofcomputed results. However, the water quality model is reliable and feasible for practicalprediction calculation on the whole.
* 1-D Sediment Transport Model in Unsteady Flow for River Network* Continuity Equation for Suspended Sediment:
WK k o SK (percentage of graded sediment carrying capacity) (A5.4.14)
NS
CO= Y PK Kk=1 (mean sinking rate) (A5.4.15)
Here:
Ks, m - empirical values, referring to 'The Ninth Five-Year Plan' Science and Technological
Key Project of Department of Transport: Research on Water and Sediment and theMathematic Model of the River Network of Pearl River Delta. For the river network of
Pearl River Delta, they are: m =0.92, Ks =0.0012-0.0016,
g -the acceleration of gravity,
h - depth,
U -average flow velocity at cross-section,
PK -the percentage of particle class K,
NS -the number of particle class,
a -the recovery saturation coefficient, which is 1.0 in the case of scouring and 0.25 fordeposition.
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 48
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DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICESOVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
Boundary and Initial ConditionsWhether Shakou water gate and Shiken water gate are open depends on the inner and outerwater level difference. Hence, in a respect of pollutant transportation, Fenjiang and FoshanCreek are actually in the half closed state, that is pollutants can only be transported to thedownstream of Foshan Creek. For the lack of water level data of Shiken water gate and otherboundaries on the calculation area, first open Shiken gate, make Foshan Creek a branch which
connects Foshan Waterway and Dongping River, and get the discharge in Shiken water gate andwater level of other boundaries from the calculation of a larger area, then take Foshan Waterwayand Foshan Creek to be the calculation area, Shakou water gate and Shiken water gate as thedischarge boundary, fix 0 discharge during flood tide and full discharge during ebb tide.
Water level, discharge and pollutant concentration at each cross-section of the wholeGuangzhou-Foshan river network during dry season calculated from 1 D river net hydrodynamicmodel in GFP are adopted as boundary values in this assessment. Water level of all theboundary cross-sections is shown in the following figure.
While predicting the water quality after each Project, the concentration of pollutants at eachboundary cross-section are adopted from the average value calculated by 1D water qualitymodel from the whole Guangzhou-Foshan river network during dry season; during the process ofsediment dredging and river bank improvements, only the impacts produced by the constructionof the project are considered, so the concentration of all the different pollution including SS ateach boundary cross-section is set to be zero.
In order to simplify the calculation, the initial values of water level, discharge and pollutantsconcentration are all set to be zero.
The Concentration of Different Pollutions at Each Boundary section (mg/L)
Boundary section NO. 1 20 35 37 39 41 43
The average concentration of 9.992 10.001 21.485 23.087 29.132 27.919 43.955CODcr
The average concentration of 2.58 2.58 5.54 5.95 7.51 7.20 11.33BOD5,The average concentration of 0.32 0.32 1.87 1.95 2.04 2.04 4.23
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(b) Discharge of Shiken water gate (20# section)
1012
I _
CCC)~ ~ ~ ~~~~~d Wae ee f 7 eto
.~ 4
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
t ime (h)
(c) Water level of 359 section
1. 5
t ime (h)i
S 0.5 -A
0~t20 2 0 6 0 2
m-0.5 --
____ ~~~~~~~~~~time (h)
(e) Water level of 394 section
1. 5
0
-1.
time (h)
SOGREAH LWN -N-235 e)8 WAteR level oPAGE secio
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OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX(f Water level of 41 # section
1. 5
E~~0.5
0. 4~~~~120 X4 V !q I 0 ,T'-0.5
t ime (h)
(g) Water level of 43# section
1.5
E
t lime (h)
. Modl PaetThis assessment adopted the model parameters which are verified if GFP.
. Pollution Source generated during Sediment DredgingDuring sediment dredging, the pollutants such as suspended substance (SS), COD and NH3-Nare generated from the disturbance on sediment. And the leaching amount of heavy metal fromthe sediment of Foshan Waterway is small. Thus, the assessment will mainly concentrate on theprediction of the impact of SS, COD and NH3-N on the water environment.
The suspended sediment amount is set to be 5 kg/iM3, and the total SS generated from dredging
is 277.8g/s when the working intensity of the cutter suction dredger is set to be 200m3 /h.
Particle Size Distribution of Suspension and Pollution Source Intensity at each Dredging Point
Pollution Source of CODCr and NH3-N at Different Dredging Points (g/s)
Dredging Point Luosha Fuxi Luobianzha Shixi Shaweiqiao RenminqiaoDredging Point Si S5 S7 S8 59 510
CODcr 31.47 27.79 13.29 5.07 2.51 32.46
NH3-N 4.17 3.89 1.63 2.15 0.54 2.06
Wastewater generated during sediment dewatering is 6250m3 /d (446.43m3 /h, when assumingthe construction lasts 450d and 14h/d). The water can reach Guangdong provincial localstandard- class 2 after treatment. According to the sediment dewatering process, after sandremoving, flocculation and residue removing, the pollutants in the wastewater before furthertreatment and the up-to-standard discharge are shown in the following table.
Wastewater Amount and Pollutant Generation during Sediment Dewatering
* Pollution Source Generated during River Bank ImprovementsThe main pollutant is SS.
Referencing to 'Environmental Impact Assessment of Development Project at the West Shoal ofJitimen Estuary, Zhuhai', the pollution source intensity of SS adopted in this assessment is set tobe 3.72kg/s which is generated by construction of bank. Since the particle size of the suspensionmentioned above is quite large, the median diameter is set to be 0.1 mm.
* Pollution Source before the Construction* External Source
According to the investigation and assessment of the water pollution source in Foshan, andreferencing to 'The Investigation Report of the Industrial Pollution Sources along FoshanWaterway' written by Research Institute of Recourse and Environmental Science, FoshanUniversity and Foshan Environmental Protection Bureau in February, 2005, the location anddischarge amount of each outlet in the calculation area are obtained. Several discharge sourcesare combined to simplify the calculation, and the major outlets are emphasized. Thus, 23 majoroutlets are obtained on the calculation area.
* Internal SourceAccording to the experiment result and analogism about the pollutant release mechanism ofcontaminated sediment, and the investigation of sediment, the release rate (g.m-2%S-1 ) ofsediment at 13 points in Foshan Waterway are obtained, and the value of each section is gainedby linear interpolation, which means that each section is assumed as a pollution source. Hence,there are 86 calculation outlets except the boundary sections.
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OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
Total Source Intensity
Discharge Amount of Pollutants at each Outlet in Foshan Waterway (g/s)
Outlet Section Section CODcr BOD5 NH3-NNumber Number
1 4 AoDou 0.67 0.17 0.092 6 MaLangdou 4.27 1.10 0.183 8 LuoCun Creek Front 25.76 6.64 2.884 10 Beizha 108.92 28.07 8.195 13 Direct and centralized discharging point at the 2.06 0.53 0.04
north and south bank of Fenjiang River6 15 Jiujiang JiDou 17.16 4.42 0.257 16 FoShan Bridge 82.80 36.72 17.618 18 Outlet of the city sewer 245.06 63.16 28.939 25 Texitle wastewater treatment east station 6.74 1.74 0.0010 28 Zhen'an WWTP 137.71 35.49 16.2511 31 ZhenJi wastewater treatment plant 27.62 7.12 0.0012 33 Centralized discharging point at FoShan Creek 26.08 6.72 1.48
Front13 40 Eastern district 387.32 99.82 24.3514 46 Outlet of waste water of Dunhou District 17.72 4.57 1.1515 48 Huaqiao paper mill 12.47 3.21 0.0016 50 NanHai outfall 16.89 4.35 0.0017 51 HengJiao 73.15 18.85 15.7518 55 YueLisha Creek Front 71.09 18.32 18.4319 59 YanBu Creek 58.12 14.98 16.9620 66 WuSheng estuary 3.17 1.21 0.0921 67 Shi'an Creek Front 3.2 1.52 0.0922 73 SanZhou Creek Front 100.43 28.67 22.9023 75 ShaWei Bridge 61.59 21.61 15.43
Pollution Source after the Construction
The Removal Effect of Different Pollutants in each Plant (tld)
Plant Pollutant Before After Removal Cutting rate(%)treatment treatment quantity
Chengbei WWTP 20.8 6.5 14.3 69CODcr
12.5 3 9.5 76
Zhen'an WWTP BODs 6.5 1.5 5 77
NH3-N 1.25 0.75 0.5 40
Discharge Amount of Pollutants at each Outlet after each Component and the whole Project (g/s)
Discharge DischargeDischarge of CODcr of BOD5 of NH3-N
Outlet Section After Atr After Afternumber number Section After After Zhen'an Ater Zhen'an Zhen'an
sediment riverbank WANTPl the WWTP WWTPdredging improvements Phase III pwroject Phase III Phase III
Location of monitoring sections for predictions of water environment
5I
2;
3
(a)The discharge in a tidal cycle of Luocun Greek Front
Luocun Creek Front
30
202
10
0
21 40 60 80 10 1I 140 160 180 2 0-m-10 8
-20 l l_ -30
time (h)
(b) The discharge in a tidal cycle of Foshan Bridge
Foshan Bridge50
4030
320 -t
_ 10
0
-20 -
-30 _ _ _ _ _ _
-40 --- ____ _
-50
______________ ~~~time (h)
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(c) The discharge in a tidal cycle of Zhen'an WWTP
Zhen' an Sewage Treatment Plant
12 _-
e 6-
4
2
0 S0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
time(h)
(d) The discharge in a tidal cycle of Renmin Bridge
Renmin Bridge
8
-4
3
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200time(h)
(e) The discharge in a tidal cycle of Chengbei WWTP
Northern City Sewage Treatment Plant
60
40
20
-6040SR 60 80 100 2 180 2020
-40
-40
time (h)
SOGREAH - LWN - N'-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 57
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(f) The discharge in a tidal cycle of Hengjiao
llengjiao
60
40
E 20 --
0
-20__ ___ 0 6 0 10140 160 10 2
-40 0
-60
time (h)
(g) The discharge in a tidal cycle of Lubian Water Gate
Lubian water gate
80
40
.20
time (h)
(h)The discharge in a tidal cycle of Shixi
Shix i
160
100 _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _
50
0
CC 4 0 80 100 0 14 0 ~~~ ~~18 20a 50 _ _ _
-100
-150
time (h)
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(i) The discharge in a tidal cycle of Shawei Bridge
Shawei Bridge
150
100 ~ ~ ~ 0 8 10 1 1 8 2
er -5o-50
200r-ioo
time(h)
Impacts on the Water Environment during Sediment DredgingThe impact on water environment during Foshan Waterway sediment dredging is mainly caused
by pollutants discharged from the dredging and dewatering process. The impact projection is
described as below:
> The concentration increment of SS, NH3-N and CODCr at each monitoring section
caused during dredging process;> The concentration increment caused at each monitoring section when the wastewater
of sediment dewatering plant discharges in compliance with the standard;> The concentration increment caused at each monitoring section when the wastewater
of sediment dewatering plant discharges in accident condition.> In the assessment, projection of the integrated impact of dredging and discharge from
the dewatering plant on the water quality of Foshan waterway during construction at 6dredging points will be carried out respectively. The 6 dredging points are Luosha (Si),Fuxi (S5), Lubian Water Gate (S7), Shixi (S8), Shawei Bridge (S9) and Renmin Bridge
(S10). The monitoring sections of water quality are Luocun Creek, Foshan Bridge,Zhen'an WWPT, Renmin Bridge, Hengjiao, Chengbei WWTP, Xiedie Bridge, LubianWater Gate, Shixi and Shawei Bridge.
CONCENTRATION INCREMENT OF SS, CODCR AND NH3-N CAUSED BY DISCHARGE OF SEDIMENT DEWATERING WASTEWATER(MG/L)
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(b) Distribution of projection concentration increment of CODcr at Fuxi section
.; \~(
N,
_- -c
O I t((l '(101} 4(00 __
(c) Distribution of projection concentration increment of CODcr at Renmin Bridge section
N
_ -- ' '" -
* *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.... ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~t6-IAk U. 1l1
0l I ((3)00 2(M() -tOt)100_)
SOGREAH_-_LWN_-_N__ 2350087_APRIL_200_ Pi 67
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 _PAGE 67
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OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF SEDIMENT DREDGING AND DEWATERING DISCHARGE ON WATER ENVIRONMENT
SS CODcr NH 3 -N
The maximal average The maximal The maximal average The maximal The maximal average The maximalconcentration concentration concentration concentration concentration concentration
ation n to the ation n to the ation n to the ation n to the ation n to the ation n to theincremen standard incremen standard incremen standard incremen standard incremen standard incremen standard
t value t value t value t value t value t value(mg/L) (%) (mg/L) (%) (mg/L) (%) (mg/L) (%) (mg/L) (%) (mg/L) (%)
> In a short time and distance, the concentration of SS, CODCr and NH3-N caused by dredging at Renmin Bridge dredging point is 100mg/L, 20mg/L and lmg/L over the standard,respectively. The affected area with SS, CODcr and NH3-N concentration higher than 50mg/L, 20mg/L and 1 mg/L respectively includes the reach from Foshan Bridge to Hengjiao (FoshanWaterway) and the reach from Renmin Bridge to Wenqing Bridge (Foshan Creek)
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OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX> Standard value: SS adopts the strictest value (15Omg/L) of <Standards for irrigation water quality> (GB5084-92), CODcr and NH3-N adopt the Class V standard of < Environmental
quality standard for surface water > (GB3838-2002) , which are 40mg/L and 2mg/L, respectively.> The worst situation and the sum of maximal concentration increment caused by the most significant dredging point and concentration increment caused by dewatering
discharge under accident condition should be considered in the integrated impact of dredging and dewatering discharge on Shawei Bridge section.
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DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICESOVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
Impact of dewatering discharge on the water environment* Compliance discharge
The sediment dewatering plant locates in Pingzhou WWPT and the discharge outlet is about 2000mupstream of Shawei Bridge. The dewatering wastewater discharges in compliance with the Class IIofGuangdong discharge standard after treatment, the influenced area of which includes the reach fromHengjiao to Shawei Bridge. The maximal concentration increment of SS, CODCr and NH3-N is 0.04mg/L,0.72mg/L and 0.10mg/L respectively, which account for 0.03%, 1.8% and 5% of the standard value,respectively. The concentration increment of SS, CODcr and NH3-N will not change the current water qualityof Foshan Waterway, and the impact on water environment is acceptable.
* Accidental dischargeWhen malfunction happens to the wastewater treatment facilities, all the wastewater discharges directlywithout treatment, the influenced area of Foshan Waterway will include the reach from Fuxi to Shawei Bridge.The maximal concentration incremental of SS, CODC, and NH3-N is 0.06mg/L, 1.18mg/L and 0.18mg/Lrespectively, which account for 0.04%, 3% and 9% of the standard value, respectively. The concentrationincrement of SS and CODCr will not change the current water quality of Foshan Waterway, while of NH3 -N,the change is somewhat non-negligible. The NH3-N concentration in Foshan Waterway & PingzhouWaterway exceeds the standard, and the discharge quantity of dewatering plant is 6250 m3/d, so accidentsmust be stringently prevented.
* Integrated impact of sediment dredging and dewatering wastewater dischargeOwning to the simultaneity of sediment dredging and dewatering wastewater discharge, it is necessaryassess the impact of both situation..
When discharged in compliance with the standard, the integrated concentration increment of SS, CODcr andNH3-N on Shawei Bridge section is 9.96mg/L, 3.72mg/L and 0.34mg/L, which account for 6.6%, 9.3% and17% of the standard value, respectively.
In accidental discharge, the integrated concentration increment on of SS, CODCr and NH3 -N Shawei Bridgesection is 9.98mg/L, 4.2mg/L and 0.42mg/L, which account for 6.7%, 10.5% and 21 % of the standard value,respectively.
From the projection results, it is indicated that the impact on water quality around the dredging points ismainly caused by sediment dredging, while dewatering wastewater discharge has less impact on the waterenvironment than sediment dredging. Both operations have little contribution on SS increment in downstreamreaches, the SS increment on Shawei Bridge section is mainly caused by sediment dredging, while thecontribution on CODcr accounts for 9.3% (compliance discharge) and 10.5% (accidental discharge) of thestandard value, and the contribution on NH3-N accounts for 17% (compliance discharge) and 21%(accidental discharge) of the standard value. The impact of dewatering wastewater accounts for 29.4%(compliance discharge) and 42.8% (accidental discharge) of the integrated impact. Therefore, accidentaldischarge should be stringently prevented.
* Impact of Bank Improvement on Water Environment
(a) Variation of SS concentration increment in tidal cycle at Jiujiangjidou section (section 15#)
jiujiangji(15# section)25
= 20 _ _ _ _
15 - _
100_8KL -0 20 40 60 80 10 10 140 160 180 200
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DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICESOVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
(b) Variation of SS concentration increment in tidal cycle at Foshan Bridge (sectionl6#)
Foshan Bridge(16# section)40
3.5
30
25
15
0 20 40 60 80 1R90
(h) 120 140 160 180 200
(c) Variation of SS concentration increment in tidal cycle at section 17#
3.5 ~~~~~~~~~170 section3. 5
0.
2. 5
0 0.5 5 1
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
time (h)
(d) Variation of SS concentration increment in tidal cycle at sewer outlet section (section 18#)
Ert of the city sewr (18# section)0. 90. 8
0. 7 -- - - -0. 6
0. 5
0. 4
0. 3
0. 2
0. 1
00 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
time (h)
(a) Variation of SS concentration increment in tidal cycle at Fenjiang Bridge section (section 19#)
4E FenHiang B- dge198 section)
25 _ _ _ _ _ _
20
*- 15
1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~1
00 00 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
SOGREAH - LWN - N'-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 71
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(b) Variation of SS concentration increment in tidal cycle at Xidie Bridge section (section 45#)
Xiedie Bridge (45# section)45
40
~C 35e ~30
25C 25 ___ i ___
15
o 10
50
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
TIME (h)
(c) Variation of SS concentration increment in tidal cycle at Chengbei WWTP section (section 46#)
Norther city plant(46# section)
14 _ _ _ _
5- 12108
6 I
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
time (h)
(d) Variation of SS concentration increment in tidal cycle at Fuxi section (section 47#)
Fuxi (47# section)
1.
C 1. 6
1. 4
0.8
0.6-
0.4
0.2
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200time (h)
SOGREAH - LWN - N'-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 72
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Impact of dredging on water level and hydrodynamics of Foshan WaterwayAssume the depth of sediment dredging is 1 m. The variation of flow, water level and flow velocity in FoshanWaterway and Foshan Creek after dredging is shown as following.
Variation of flow(a) Difference of average flood-tide flow in tide cycle
40
-10
-30
-40
° 2U |- '° 30 U 40 ~~~~~each sction 8 90 0
(b) Difference of average ebb-tike flow in tide cycle
lo r._,
n 0 -- -- ---~~~~~~ 30 0 070g
D200
- 0--- -- -
-30each section
(c) Difference of average tidal flow in tide cycle
40
30
' 20
00I 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 00 90 1 1)
each section
Variation of water level(a) Comparison of water level before and after dredging in Luocun section
20
1.
0
time (h)
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 73
Variation of water level~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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(b) Comparison of water level before and after dredging in Zhen'an section
1.5 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
O U
-. 7 d1.3g-0.5
( 0. 3 bfterdredgiX g-0.1 50I 10 1520
-0. 3
-0. 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
(c) Comparison of water level before and after dredging in Hangeiao section
2
r -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~before1 f p/tMA dredginga 0. 5
0 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ -after
v V v ~~~~~~~~~dredging-0. 5 _ _ _ _
time (h)
(d) Comparison of water level before and after dredging in Shawei Bridge section
-before> 0.5 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~dredging
0.2-
-0. 5 v ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~dredging
time (h)
Variation of velocity(a) Comparison of flow velocity before and after dredging in Luocun section
0. 2
0. 15 before
0. 05
0 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~afterdredging
-0, ~ ~~~~~~time (h)
SOGREAH - LWN - N'-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 74
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(b) Comparison of flow velocity before and after dredging in Zhen'an section
0. 6
' 0. 40. 3 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~before
0. 2 dredgingo0.1
0 - - after
-0. 1I -0 150 *- 0 0 dredging-0. 2
time (h)
(c) Comparison of flow velocity before and after dredging in Hengjiao section
0. 4
0. 3
0.2
0 1 u -before_0. I 0 dredging-0. 2 -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~after
__ _ _ __ _ _ _dredging
X _~_L time (h)
(d) Comparison of flow velocity before and after dredging in Shawei Bridge section
0. 8
0. 6Aa -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~before
M 0.2 dredging1Luc-0. 216.85afos-0. 4 dre ging
-1 ----- - ~~~time (h)
Improvement on Water Quality after Sediment Dredging
AVERAGE TIDAL CONCENTRATION OF CODCR AT EACH MONITORING SECTION BEFORE AND AFTER SEDIMENT DREDGING (mG/L)
Monitoring section Before sediment dredging After sediment dredging
Luocun 16.85 29.33Foshan Bridge 55.65 51.75
Zhen'an Plant 60.16 58.44
Renmin Bndge 72.14 55.79
Chengbei WWTP 72.72 54.65Hengjiao 70.16 51.18
Lubian Water Gate 62.31 42.32
Shixi 56.34 38.64Shawei Bridge 42.88 33.59
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 75
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Distribution of average tidal concentration of CODcr at each section after dredging
N
.W [-E, -. T-.M
,~~~~ ~vrg tia cocnrto of CDc at each sectio
91 1 -b 14
0 90
'o80t~~~~~~~~ W 0 ' J Q <~ ~ 2 0_ _ _ -m7|Ir.
0 0
Vrainaverage tidal concentration of CODcr at each mntrn section
6 0
, n
50
o 80c f 60 -7- l d
2c0 nlI- ._ -_
> 50
=-30 '- , [I'_
,, O S-- -. 20 4 0 60 80 100
sect ion
Variation average tidal concentration of CODcr at each monitoring section
80 - - - A 2006 PAGE -
70
o60 ------ before
4 0
030
20 -dredgi
I0
Luocun Foshan Zhen' an Rettmin Northerni lerngjiao Lubian Shixi Shaweia ~~~~~Bridge Plant Bridge City Plant Water Gate Bridge
SOGREAH - LWN - N0-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 76
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It is indicated that water quality at each section improves significantly after dredging, and the improvement isespecially significant in the reaches where sediment is seriously polluted and the release rate is very high.The average tidal concentration of CODCr at each section from Foshan Bridge to Shawei Bridge in FoshanWaterway and Foshan Creek decreases by 10-20mg/L. The average tidal concentration of CODCr fromFenjiang Bridge to Lubian water gate downstream Foshan Waterway decreases more than 20mg/L and thedecreasing rate reaches more than 30%.
The flow and velocity of the water entering Foshan Waterway increase after dredging, and pollutantstransport to upstream, consequently, pollutant concentration of upstream of Fen River in Foshan Waterwaypresents a trend of increase instead of decrease. The average tidal concentration of CODCr at Luocun Creeksection increases from 16.85mg/L before dredging to 29.33mg/L and the increasing rate reaches more than74%. At each time, CODCr concentration in a tidal cycle at Luocun section after dredging is higher than thatbefore dredging no matter in ebb-tide or flood-tide period. However, CODCr concentration after dredging atFoshan Bridge section in flood-tide period exceeds that before dredging. Although average tidalconcentration of CODCr at Zhen'an WWPT section decreases from 60.16mg/L to 58.44mg/L, CODcrconcentration after dredging still exceeds that before dredging in a tidal cycle.
Although sediment dredging decreases CODcr concentration in the river to a certain extent, because theamount of pollutants discharged into water body greatly exceeds the water environmental capacity of FoshanWaterway, it still remains rather high in the water body and water quality of many sections remains worsethan Class V after sediment dredging. Therefore, bank improvement and Zhen'an WWTP phase IIIexpansion should be carried out.
a Impact on Foshan Waterway after Bank Improvement
AVERAGE TIDAL CONCENTRATION OF CODCR AT EACH MONrTORING SECTION BEFORE AND AFTER BANK IMPROVEMENT (MGIL)
Monitoring section Before improvement After improvement Accidental discharge
Luocun 16.60 13.54 13.58
Foshan Bridge 55.31 43.39 46.42
Zhen'an WWTP 58.32 58.32 58.32
Renmin Bridge 70.40 70.38 70.42
Chengbei WWTP 72.03 62.38 74.38
Hengjiao 69.49 59.58 69.43
Lubian Water Gate 61.57 54.54 61.85
Shixi 55.50 50.18 55.73
Shawei Bridge 41.75 39.31 41.84
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 77
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DESIGN REVIEW AND ADVISORY SERVICESOVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT--APPENDIX
Average tidal concentration of CODcr at each section
80
70A_ _ _ _ _ __._ _
60
E 11 ! ,, ,. .! .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~tion~ 50
°40 I - -_ < ) _ .; | ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~tion
20 I /lntato 1 I _ J 4 . 1s,rge
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
section
Variation of average tidal concentration of CODcr at each monitoring section80 … - --- - - --
o 70
0 After
o 30
20 U ccdent.ldischarge
Luocun Foshan Zhen' an Renmin Northern Hengjiao Lubian Shixi ShaweiBridge Plant Bridge City Plant Water Gate Bridge
Impact of the Accidental Discharge of Chengbei WWTP on Foshan Waterwayand Foshan Creek
Accidental discharge hardly influences the sections in the upstream of Fenjiang River because pollutants willnormally transport to upstream. Only in flood-tide period when pollutants are transported downstream bytidewater, such sections as Fenjiang Bridge and Foshan Bridge will be affected. Accidental discharge has amore significant impact on Foshan Waterway from the FuXi section to ShiXi section than compliancedischarge, with average tidal concentration of COD,r increasing 10-15mg/L. Bank improvements decreasethe average tidal concentration of COD, in the upstream of Fenjiang Bridge, while concentration changeslittle in the downstream of HengJiao section. This is because the absolute quantities of pollutants underaccidental discharge and before bank improvement are the same, and the removal of the pollutants is mostlycarried out by transport of the flow, not the decomposition of the organism itself. Therefore, the average tidalconcentration of CODcr under accidental discharge and before the regulation from ShiXi to ShaWei Bridgehas a little change, except for the section of Chengbei WWTP where concentration slightly increases.
* Impact on the Water Environment after Phase HIexpansion of Zhen'an WWTP
AVERAGE TIDAL CONCENTRATION OF CODCR, BOD5 AND NH3-N AT EACH MONITORING SECTION BEFORE AND AFTER THE EXPANSION
CODcr BOD 5 NH3 -N
Monitoringsection Before After Accidental Before After Accidental Before After Accidental
10l V * mS X - WE - g- accidentalI I I I I I I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~discharge
,a Bdg Bdg C P G Bridge
Average tidal concentration of NH3-N at each section of Foshan Waterway
12
SOGEA - W- °2507ARL 20 AE8
r t
q,aliter
SOGRAH LW -- N-23007 ARIe206 AGE8
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Variation of average tidal concentration of NH3-N at each monitoring section
312
, 8 ' ----- �------- ------ U befo°retln
I 0~~~I
LCU Fsha H m H enWr
r LuQcn Foshan Zheo an R.n.i. North-r Hi,ngjiao Lubian Water shixi s h-wiB,,dg P B GdCi P1-t B gP g
Impact of Phase 1fExpansion on Dongping RiverShakou Water Gate and Shiken Water Gate only open in ebb-tide period, so the pollutants from FoshanWaterway can only transport into Pingzhou Waterway through Shawei Bridge during ebb-tide period, but notthrough Shakou Water Gate or Shiken Water Gate. As a result, the Phase III Expansion of Zhen'an WWTPhas hardly any impact on Dongping River.
* Improvement on Water Quality of Foshan Waterway after Phase Li7ExpansionOwning to the expansion of Zhen'an WWTP, the total amount of pollutants discharged into FoshanWaterway is reduced after the industrial wastewater and domestic sewage from Chancheng District iscollected and treated in Zhen'an WWTP, which may improve the water quality of downstream FoshanWaterway to a certain extent.
The average tidal concentration of CODc, of some sections is reduced by 10-15mg/L, for example, CODcrconcentration of Chengbei WWTP section is reduced by 18%, from 72.72mg/L to 59.66mg/L afterwastewater interception, of HengJiao section, it is reduced by 19%, from 70.16mg/L to 56.70mg/L, and ofLubian water gate section, it is reduced by 20%, from 56.34mg/L to 49.72mg/L.
The average tidal concentration of BOD5 of some sections is reduced by 3-6mg/L, for example, CODcrconcentration of Chengbei WWTP section is reduced by 20%, from 18.72mg/L to 15.01 mg/L afterwastewater interception, of HengJiao section, it is reduced by 18%, from 16.73mg/L to 13.71mg/L, and ofLubian water gate section, it is reduced by 15%, from 13.73mg/L to 11.63mg/L.
The Phase III Expansion of Zhen'an WWTP has a notable impact on the water quality of the reach fromFoshan Bridge to Lubian Gate, but not so notable on the upstream reach of Foshan Bridge. The averagetidal concentration of CODCr before and after the expansion is 16.85mg/L and 16.11mg/L respectively, theaverage tidal concentration of BOD5 is 4.02mg/L and 3.97mg/L respectively, which demonstrates that thevariation of concentration is not notable.
Due to wastewater interception, discharge quantity of NH3-N is up to 5.13tVd, while the amount reduced byphase III expansion is only 0.5Vtd, therefore, the expansion has no notable improvement on NH3-N discharge.The variation of NH3-N concentration before and after wastewater interception is small in all the reachesexcept the one from Foshan Bridge to Fenjiang Bridge where the NH3-N concentration has a small reduction.
* Impact of Phase 1lfExpansion on Foshan CreekDue to the large discharge quantity of pollutants in the former phase of Zhen'an WWTP, flow of FoshanCreek is only several m /s, consequently, though the increment of average tidal concentration of eachpollutant is small after the Phase III expansion, the concentration in water body is still quite high.
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 83C
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Discharge quantity of CODcr in the former phase of Zhen'an WWTP is up to 11.79Vd, and will be up to14.79t/d after Phase III expansion. Though the average tidal concentration of CODC, in the reach fromZhen'an WWTP to Renmin Bridge only increases by 6-7mg/L, it is already close to 70mg/L.
Discharge quantity of BOD5 in the former phase of Zhen'an WWTP is up to 3.06t/d, and will be up to 4.56t/dafter Phase III expansion. The average tidal concentration of BOD5 in the reach from Zhen'an WWTP toRenmin Bridge increases only 5-6mg/L, but is already up to 20mg/L.
The increment of NH3-N concentration after the expansion is quite large, for example, the average tidalconcentration of NH3 -N before and after the expansion is 5.83mg/L and 8.84mg/L respectively, the incrementis up to 3mg/L.
Impact of the Accidental discharge of Zhen'an WWTP on Foshan Waterway andFoshan Creek
Accidental discharge of Zhen'an WWTP has great impact on Foshan Creek. During accidental discharge, theaverage tidal concentration of CODCr, BOD5 and NH3-N at Zhen'an WWTP section is 105.57mg/L,40.11mg/L and 10.84mg/L respectively, with the increment of 45.41mglL, 25.86mg/L and 5.01mg/Lcompared with the concentration before the expansion, which is 3-5 times higher than the water qualitystandard.
Accidental discharge also has significant impact on the reach from Foshan Bridge to Shawei Bridge atFoshan Waterway. After the wastewater interception, the average tidal concentration of CODcr at FoshanWaterway reduces a little, while that of BOD5 and NH3-N make some increment.
The accidental discharge of Zhen'an WWTP has little impact on the upstream reach of Foshan Bridgesection. The average tidal concentration of CODcr at Luocun Creek Front before expansion, after expansionand under accidental discharge is 16.85mg/L, 16.11mg/L and 16.21 mg/L respectively, while that of BOD5 is4.02mg/L, 3.97mg/L and 4.02mg/L respectively, which demonstrates a small change in concentration.
Though the impact on Foshan Creek during accidental discharge of Zhen'an WWTP is quite significant, theconcentration increment during normal discharge is much less, so it's feasible to take Foshan Creek as thereceiving water body for Zhen'an WWTP phase III expansion.
The calculation result shows that Foshan Waterway is seriously polluted and the water quality can notcomply with standard. Zhen'an WWTP phase III expansion can make some improvement on the waterquality, however, water quality of most reaches is still not compliant with the standard, and other measures tocontrol the water pollution are still in need.
. Impact on the Water Environment after the whole Project
AVERAGE TIDAL CONCENTRATION OF CODCR BEFORE AND AFTER THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WHOLE PROJECT ( MGIL)
Monitoring section Before project After project Accidentaldischarge
Luocun 16.85 20.93 24.00
Foshan Bridge 55.65 34.46 46.69
Zhen'an WWTP 60.16 70.63 110.46
Renmin Bridge 72.14 56.39 83.35
Chengbei WWTP 72.72 38.85 56.02
Hengjiao 70.16 36.56 50.38
Lubian Water Gate 62.31 33.45 42.70
Shixi 56.34 32.16 38.99
Shawei Bridge 42.88 29.99 33.86
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 84
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Distribution of average tidal concentrations of CODcr at each section after the whole project
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Average tidal concentration of CODcr at each section
c 120 - before the
U 100 '____________________ -________I_______-________-- -______ _ project
O 80 -' - after theCOO ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~project
acc den ta l40,._ 40 . j.I| < dischorge
P' I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ctwater
o taodard, 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
section
Variation of average tidal concentrations of CODcr at each monitoring section
120
- o 1 before theproject
I after the6 80 , ' ^> E t _ * project
20 * discharge
Luocun Foshan Zhen' an Reomin Northern Hengjiao Lubian Water Shixi ShoweiBridge Plant Bridge City Plant Gate Bridge
Improvement on water quality of Foshan Waterway by the whole projectAs shown in the tables and figures, the concentration of CODcr of each section is reduced significantly afterthe whole project. In Foshan Waterway it is cut by 20-40mg/L at each section from Foshan Bridge to ShaWeiBridge and Foshan Creek Front. The maximal decrement is in Fenjiang Bridge, where the concentration ischanged from 76mg/L to 36mg/L after the project, with the reduction rate of 53%. Generally the reductionrates of the average tidal concentration of CODcr are above 40% at each cross-section from Foshan Bridgeto ShiXi Bridge. Water in most cross-sections of Foshan Waterway has reached class V water qualitystandard, except for the cross-section from Zhen'an WWTP of JunQiao Creek to People's Bridge with theconcentration over 40mg/L.
The average tidal concentration of CODcr from Shakou Gate to LuoCun Creek increases slightly with theeffect of project because the flow runoff and velocity increase in Foshan Waterway after the dredging, whichmakes the pollutant transfer upstream. Meanwhile, the concentration at HuaDi Creek section increases asthe flow decreases, but the increment is not very significant.
The water environment of Foshan Waterway improves rather significantly with the effect of the threecomponents. The sediment dredging not only makes the average tidal concentration of CODcr decrease ateach cross-section, but also changes the hydrodynamic condition of Foshan Waterway and increase thewater runoff and velocity, which will dilute pollutants and decrease the residence time of pollutants. Riverbank improvements and Zhen'an WWTP Phase III Expansion Components are crucial for the improvementbecause they make the absolute quantity of pollutants decrease. The average tidal concentration of CODcris less than 40mg/L after the whole project and can meet the water quality requirement of Foshan Waterway.
SOGREAH - LWN - N°-2350087 APRIL 2006 PAGE 86
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Impact of the accidental discharge of the Chengbei WWTP and Zhen'an WWTPon Foshan Waterway and Foshan Creek
The accidental discharge of Zhen'an WWTP and Chenbei WWTP has great impact on Foshan Creek. Duringaccidental discharge, the average tidal concentration of CODCr at Zhen'an WWTP section is 110.46mg/L,50.8mg/L more than the concentration before the whole project, and 39.8mg/L more than that during normaldischarge, which is 2.7 times higher than the water quality standard. The CODcr concentration increment atthe reach from Zhen'an WWTP section to Renmin Bridge section at Foshan Creek is 25mg/L-40mg/Lcompared with the normal discharge, but CODcr concentration increment in the upstream of Zhen'an WWTPsection is very little.
Accidental discharge of the two plants also has some impact on Foshan Waterway. The CODcrconcentration increment at the reach from Foshan Bridge section to Lubian Water Gate section is 10mg/L-15mg/L, and that from Lubian Water Gate section to Shawei Bridge section and the at reach from LuocunCreek Front section to Foshan Bridge section is 5mg/L'1Omg/L
Sediment dredging greatly reduces CODCr concentration of water body and increases the flow runoff andvelocity, so the concentration increment of CODcr is generated only in the downstream of Zhen'an WWTPsection at Foshan Creek and the upstream reach of Luocun Creek Front section.