World Bank Green Freight Transport Initiative for Brazil ... · sector to drive efficiency, competitiveness, and growth 2. Um setor de transporte mais limpo ou “verde” The “Green”

World BankGreen Freight Transport Initiative for Brazil

Transporte de Carga de Baixo Carbono

June 15, 2011

Georges Darido, Transport [email protected]

World Bank - Green Freight Transport for Brazil

Convergência de agendas – green freight

1. Logística: eficiência, competitividade e crescimentoSupporting improvements in the freight and logistics sector to drive efficiency, competitiveness, and growth

2. Um setor de transporte mais limpo ou “verde”The “Green” agenda:

• Promoting climate change mitigation by supporting steps to reduce the carbon intensity of the freight sector

• Supporting governments dealing with local air pollution• Finding synergies and co-benefits, such as congestion

management in urban areas and energy independence

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Tendência crescente de emissões no setor

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Ministério do Meio Ambiente, 1º inventário Nacional de Emissões Atmosféricas Por Veículos Automotores Rodoviários, Janeiro 2011.


Peso do combustível no custo operacional

• Fuel is a very important part of truck operating costs (excluding maintenance and depreciation costs)

• Approximate share of total operating costs in Brazil:

• In China, fuel can be as much as 59% of operating costs

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Fuel, 40%

Wages, 30%

Insurance, 20%

Tolls, 10%


Papel do Banco Mundial

• Apoiar o setor público na definição de estratégias e complementação de planos existentes– Plano Nacional de Mudanças Climáticas para o setor de transporte:

• Qual e o potencial de cada estratégia no Brasil?• O que se pode fazer no curto prazo e com pouco recurso?

• Reduzir barreiras como falta de financiamento ou informação, e riscos de inovação– Empréstimos e assistência técnica ao setor público para

transporte de baixo carbono– Induzir investimentos inovadores, por exemplo: avaliar testes

pilotos e criar um “revolving fund”– Carbon finance e MDL (mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo)

Objetivo: Acelerar o processo de modernização no setor de transporte

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Estratégias para Transporte de Baixo Carbono

Infrastructure• Improving condition of existing roadways to reduce operating

costs• Expanding rail/waterway network to induce mode shifts

Logistics (reducing empty truck kms)• Network optimization with communications equipment and new

facilities (terminals, etc.)

Behavior and maintenance• Driver training (eco-driving) and incentives• Financing and capacity building for small operators• Better regulations and enforcement

Technologies for Energy Efficiency• Oldest trucks: scrappage programs• Trucks in operations: incremental technology improvements,

incentives for experimenting and adopting• New trucks: standards, smart incentives (tax) and regulations• Public-Private Partnerships and voluntary programs

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Atividades do Banco Mundial

• Infraestrutura: (equilíbrio modal e eficiência)– Apoiando o PNLT na transferência modal– Financiamento para novas rodovias estratégias, restauração e

manutenção, condição da malha e pavimentação– Estudos: hidrovias, ferroanel em SP, esquema PPP para corredores

multimodais• Logística: (reduzir circulação de veículos vazios)

– Primeira pesquisa OD de carga urbana em SP– Estudos para instalações intermodais, plataformas logísticas

• Comportamento e manutenção: (fator humano):– Teste piloto e avaliação de boas praticas operacionais, treinamento, e

sistemas de incentivos• Tecnologias de melhor eficiência energética

– Teste piloto e avaliação de tecnologias pouco conhecidas ou com um grande potencial de difusão (payback <3 anos)

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Logística e Carga Urbana em São Paulo

• World Bank/GEF funded effort in SP to develop:– First freight origin-destination

study (freight flow survey)– Technical lead: CET-SP– Administration: ANTP

• Objective: Urban freight transportmodel to test/refine policies:• Area and time restrictions for trucks– Urban Freight Vehicle (VUC): size

and performance standards– Distribution hubs, logistics platforms,

and mini terminals– Exclusive corridors and bypasses:

ring road and rail– Tolling/pricing?


Perfil da frota de caminhões no Brasil

• 2009 profile of trucks fleet in Brazil (>1.3 million) by engine/emissions technology and type of ownership:

9

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

P1 a

nd

Old

er

P2

(Eur

o 0)

P3

(E

URO

I)

P4

(E

URO

II) P5

(EU

RO

III)

597,219

48,755 71,668 98,18924,478

125,834

30,31663,171

186,592

108,075

2,159

392524

1,182

606

Cooperatives

Companies

Independent Owners

>20 yrs 6-20 yrs

ANTT 2010 Registry

Estratégias de curto prazo• Tecnologias para veículos pesados

– Velhos: programa para sucateamento (scrappage)• Experiência internacional

– Em operação: melhorias incrementais (retrofit) e incentivos para eficiência energética

• Teste piloto: avaliação de tecnologias como pneus verdes e defletores

– Novos: normas, políticas de imposto, e incentivos para financiamento

• Experiência internacional

• Comportamento e manutenção– Teste pilote: treinamento, incentivos, parametrização e

telemetria• Modelos de parcerias voluntarias

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CASE 1: ESTADOS UNIDOS

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Modelo de parceria nos EUA: SmartWay

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TechnologyVendor

Banker Financer

Shipperembarcador

CarrierTransportador

FacilitatorCoordenador

Partnership

Data

Dat

a

VerificationData

Part

ners

hip

Facilitation

Economia Combustível

Reduzir Emissões

ConsumersGreen Marketing

Informed choices


“SmartWay Partnership” results in the US

>2,700 Partners:– Drive approximately 650,000 trucks (10% of industry)– Travel over 60 billion miles per year (30% of industry)– Consume over 12 billion gallons of fuel (32% of industry)– In addition, encompasses - rail operators, freight shippers,

logistics companies, technology manufacturers, trucks stops, ports, banks, vehicle and equipment dealer and service centers

Since 2004, SmartWay Partners saved:– 14.7 million metric tons of CO2 – 1.5 billion gallons of diesel fuel– 3.6 billion dollars in fuel costs– Equivalent to taking about 3 million cars off the road for 1

year

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Why is SmartWay successful in the US?

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Shippers:– Top of the supply chain, drive

marketplace demand– Give preferred status to

SmartWay Carrier Partners– Get better data to improve their

own shipping operations – Modify logistics operations to

improve efficiency & reduce emissions, for example:

• Inter-modal Shipping• Full Truck Loads• Warehouse Improvements• Idle-Reduction at facilities

– Get recognition and PR value with SmartWay brand

Carriers:– Gain competitive advantage:

• Preferred status, plus• Fuel efficiency, savings

– Reduce emissions– Integrate fuel saving

technologies and strategies into fleets, such as:

• Idle Reduction• Improved Aerodynamics• Efficient Tire Systems• Driver Training• Renewable Fuels• Advanced Lubricants

– Get recognition and PR value with SmartWay brand


Leque de tecnologias econômicas

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CASE 2: CHINA

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Sector situation in China• Tire pressure

– Most drivers only use hammer to check tire pressure– 14% of drivers check pressure less than once per week

• Truck loads– Empty of partially empty trucks are common– Overloading is common

• Many cost-effective technologies available but not yet widely applied– Low rolling resistance tires– Aluminum wheels– Automatic tire pressure monitoring– Aerodynamics: e.g. skirts or nosecone

• Introduction of Euro IV fuel makes emission reduction technologies possible

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Pilot Testing in Guangzhou, China

• Carried out 2008-2009– Technology testing on 14 trucks in three truck fleets

• Tire systems• Aerodynamics

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Pilot Testing: Tire equipment (a)

• Dual low rolling resistance tires: reduces rolling resistance

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Load and Inflation • 830 kPa• 5,000 kg

455/50R 22.5

RULE: For every 70 kPa under inflation is 1% penalty in fuel economy


Pilot Testing: Tire equipment (b)

• Aluminum wheels: reduces weight of wheel

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Pilot Testing: Tire equipment (c)

• Automatic tire pressure monitoring system: keeps tire pressure more constant

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Pilot Testing: Aerodynamics (a)

• Skirts: reduce wind underneath the trailer

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HDPE plastic will last life of trailer


Pilot Testing: Aerodynamics (b)

• Nosecone: reduces turbulence

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Pilot Testing: Aerodynamics (c)

• Gap fairing: reduces the tractor-trailer gap

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Distance between back of cab and front of trailer Trailer GapWill make difference in % of savings

Green Trucks Pilot Project GuangzhouResults of Test on 3 Fleets + Driver Training:• XingBang Co. – Tires & Monitoring, [local & Long Haul]

~1.8% fuel efficiency improvement• Star of City Logistics Co. – Tires, Monitoring, nose cone,

Trailer Skirts, [Long Haul] ~ 3.5% improvement• Baiyun Municipal Garbage – Tires, Monitoring, [Local]

up to 18% improvement


Guangdong Demonstration Proj (1)

• Technology Demonstration– Energy Efficiency truck technologies demonstration

• 1500-1800 trucks– Pilot testing of logistics operation technologies:

• Pilot Advanced Brokerage Information System• Pilot “Drop-and-Hook” freight operations

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• Innovative Finance– Green Freight technology rebate

• based on the prevailing down payment rate for a truck loan– performance-based payments

• based on the prevailing interest rate of a truck loan– better access for SMEs to commercial finance

• creating quality pipeline projects for commercial banks• sharing information between banks and SMEs

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• Large-scale Capacity Building– Policy research– Training for installation and operation of technologies– Training for government officials and enterprise managers– Marketing and branding – Awareness raising and information dissemination– “Green Freight Trade Fairs” and “Green Freight Summits”– Driving market demand for green freight service providers– Enhanced Carbon Accounting and Supply Chain Efficiency

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Brazil “Green Trucks” Project, Phase I:

• Ongoing activities:– Study and market surveys to understand the sector– Seeking partners to conduct pilot tests of:

• Innovative, energy-efficiency technologies• Improved behavior and maintenance practices• Improved logistics

• Potential activities:– Technical assistance to design/evaluate pilot tests– Facilitate policy dialog– Technical site visits for officials– Workshop(s) to collect and disseminate findings

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Technology pilot test in Brazil• Truck fleet (partners: NTC, companies)• Proposed technologies to be tested:

– Aerodynamic deflectors, gap fairings, and trailer skirts– Low rolling resistance tires– Tracking and dispatch systems– Training – Others

• Experimental design• Evaluation and auditing (World Bank)• Dissemination

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Obrigado pela atenção

• Georges DaridoTel: [email protected]

• Shomik Mehndiratta• Ricardo Marar

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mailto:[email protected]�

World Bank Green Freight Transport Initiative for Brazil ... · sector to drive efficiency, competitiveness, and growth 2. Um setor de transporte mais limpo ou “verde” The “Green”

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