World Bank Document · 2016. 7. 11. · Final Report Volume 2: Environmental Baseline Report Bureau of Research, Testing and Consultation (BRTC) ... From discussions held with Petrobangla

Power Cell, Power Division Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources

Government of Bangladesh

Environmental Assessment of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant

at Siddhirganj

Final Report Volume 2: Environmental Baseline Report

Bureau of Research, Testing and Consultation (BRTC)

Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET), Dhaka

March, 2@ &.QO%

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Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhirqani

1 .O INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project Background

In order to increase the capacity of electricity production, the Ministry of Power, Energy and IWineral Resources, GOB has planned to establish a 2x150 lWW Gas Turbine Peaking Power Plant at Siddhirganj with the financial assistance of the World Bank. The project site is a highly congested industrial area situated beside the Shitalakhaya River. Moreover there exists a number of other Power Generation Complexes in the vicinity of the project site. The proposed project is therefore likely to have significant impacts on the surrounding environment, which has already undergone significant degradation due to the ongoing industrial and other anthropogenic activities.

According to the Bangladesh Environment Conservation Rules 1997 (GOB, 1997), a power plant project falls under the "red category", for which carrying out an environmental assessment (EA) is mandatory for getting environmental clearance from the Department of Environment (DOE). According to the World Bank (1 99913) operational policy OP 4.01, this project is classified as an environmental category B project, on account of its location in an industrial area with numerous sources of pollution.

The Power Division of the Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources, GOB approached the Bureau of Research Testing and Consultation (BRTC), BUET for carrying out environmental assessment of the construction and operation of the proposed power plant project. In accordance with the agreement with the Power Division of the ministry, an Environmental Assessment (EA) of the proposed power plant project will be carried out, prior to which is to develop a Baseline Study.

1.2 Objective of the Study

An environmental assessment (EA) will be carried out for the proposed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant, which will be constructed within the Siddhirgapj Power Plant Complex. The overall objective of the EA is to identify and evaluate impacts of the project activities, both during construction and operation phases, on the surrounding environment and to recommend appropriate mitigation and management measures to reduce or eliminate negative impacts and to enhance positive impacts.

A detailed environmental baseline survey has been carried out as part of the EA. The primary objectives of this baseline survey are to gather information on the existing physical environment, biological environment, and socio-economic environment of areas in and around the project site. The possible environmental impacts of the project activities will be evaluated against these baseline environmental conditions. The baseline survey covers an area of about 5 km radius around the project site at Siddhirganj Power Plant complex, as suggested in the EIA guidelines of DOE (GOB, 1997).

Environmental Baseline Study of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhimani

Specific objective of environmental baseline survey are:

To gather information on the existing physical environment, biological environment, and socio-economic environment of areas in and around the project site.

To gather and assess peoples' perception on different aspects of proposed project and possible impacts of project activities on the socio-economic and physical environment in and around the project area.

To identify environmental and socio-economic issues and concerns in and around the project area.

1.3 Scope of Works

This baseline study identifies the significant environmental issues due to the proj~ect and also prepares a baseline status to outline of the suggestions of effective measures to mitigate the adverse impacts and enhance the positive environment potential.

Carrying out environmental baseline study covering areas in and around the project site, which includes collection and assessment of information on the following:

Physical environment

Biological environment (fisheries, flora and fauna)

Air quality and noise level

Surface and groundwater quality

Availability of water from Shitalakhaya River, especially during the dry season

Flood level in and around the project site

Demographic and socio-economic information

Peoples' perception through public discussion meetings and interview with key informants

1.4 Study Area

Study area means an identified map area, which encompasses the geographic extent of significant environmental and socio-economic impacts resulting from implemen,tation of the proposed project. The Siddhirganj power generation complex is located on the western bank of Shitalakhaya River, just outside and to the east of metropolitan Dhaka, and north of Narayanganj (Figure-1 .I). The entire complex is completely enclosed, covers an area of about 88 acres and is owned by the Power Development Board (PDB). The location of the Siddhirganj power generation complex, including the location of the proposed 2x 150 MW peaking plarit is shown in Figure-1.2.

Environmental Baseline Sfudv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhimani

Source: Banglapedia

Figure-I .I : Study area showing project location

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhimani

Source: BCA 2005

Figure-1.2: Administrative units of the study area

Ennronmental Basekrie Study of Norld Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Srddhrman[

1.5 Site Description

Power Plant complex is located in Siddhirganj pouroshova under Narayanganj Sadar Upazilla within Latitude 23"41114" to 23'40'45'' North and Longitude 90°30'50" to 90°31'47" East. The study area covering 78.55 sq. km. (5.0 km radius from the proposed plant location) includes parts of 4 thanas under Narayanganj District namely Naraynganj Sadar, Bandar, Sonargaon, Rupganj and also some part of Demra thana under Dhaka District . The 1 km radius of the proposed plant only covers the administrative jurisdiction of Siddhirganj Union (recently declared as municipality) and Sumil Para Union. Table-1.1 shows the administrative units of the study area.

Table-1.1: Administrative units of the study area

Thana District Area in Unionward MauzalMahallah Village Sa.Km Bandar Narayanganj 55.84 9 127 156 Narayanganj Sadar Narayanganj 100.74 22 135 132 Sonargaon Narayanganj 171.66 1 1 355 485 Rupganj Narayanganj 247.97 9 145 286 Demra Dhaka 31 .I 10 38 47 Source: BBS 2001

The existing infrastructures within the Siddhirganj complex include:

A 210 MW steam turbine power plant: It produces 180-200 lVlW of electricity. The plant currently produceg 44,60,400 KWHr electricity per day.

A 50 MW stream turbine power plant: It is the oldest production unit currently producing about 30MW of electricity. The Government has already planned to dismantle the plant and replace it with 2x 120 MW Gas Turbine Plant with ADB financing. The project is in the final stage of approval.

Two 132 KV Sub-stations,

Gas reducing main station,

A water treatment plant,

Residential complex for almost 3000 people,

A school located close to the site of the proposed 2x 150 MW plant,

A mosque,

A hospital, and

Shops and some other common facilities that can be expected in a small township.

There are plans to establish the following power generation facilities within the Siddhirganj complex:

1) WB funded 2 x 150 MW gas turbine (GT) power plant will be established in the area adjacent to the main road on the west side of the complex.

2) The ADB funded 2 x 120 MW gas turbine (GT) power plant will be established in place of the old 50 MW steam turbine (ST) plant (which will be dismantled) near the Sitalakhya river on the east side of the complex.

3) There are plans to add 2 x 2 10 MW STs next to an existing 210 MW ST plant to east side of the complex.

Environmental 19aseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhirsani

The WB and ADB financed projects are likely to be constructed and become operational at about the same time, and will be managed and maintained by the same entity.

1.5.1 Access to the Site

Major access to the site is by the Dhaka to Chittagong Highway. Demra to Naryanganj Regional highway connect the power plant site to the national highway. It is anticipated that the building, plant and equipment and concrete parts will be disposed off by river barge. The items will be reduced to a size and weight for easy handling.

During construction heavy loads can be transported to site, (preferably during flootling periods) by low draft barge that can gain access to the eastern side of the Site. Equipment can be off loaded onto a temporary jetty by the side of the Site. The heavy equipment could be skidded off on to the jetty and from there to the site by the handling contractors conventional method. This is the least cost option. As similar heavy loads have already been transported to the new 210 MW steam station, which is further from the river than the peaking plant, transportation is not consider to be a problem.

Handling contractors with the practical experience of transporting and handling similar type of loads and equipment are available in Bangladesh and preliminary discussions to1 confirm the method of handling have been reviewed with two different contractors.

For normal light loads and personnel access, roads are already existing in the complex to the site area.

1.5.2 Electrical Connection

The peaking plant output will be exported by means of connection to a new 132 kV, 1' 12 breaker sub-station presently under construction as a replacement for the existing 132 k,V substation which is shortly to be demolished. The new substation has two unequippetl switchgear diameters' (each diameter containing accommodation for two circuits). The new substation is presently undergoing commissioning and should be available when required for the peaking power plant connections. It is intended that the two power plant circuits be connected to the new substation by means of underground 132 kV cables, connected to each side of a new switchgear diameter constructed on the north end of the existing substation. Associated control and protection equipment will be mounted in the existing control building where sufficient space exists to house the new control and protection equipment.

1.5.3 Gas Interconnections

From discussions held with Petrobangla and Titas Gas it would appear that the gas supply required for the Peaking Plant gas turbines (and for other planned generation projects at this site) is dependant on both planned increase in national gas production and improvements in the gas transmission pipeline system being given governmental approval and receiving appropriate finance. At present the Siddhirganij power station site is served by two gas pipelines, these being

Environmental Baseline Study of Wodd Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhrmanl

1) A 14" diameter gas pipeline from Demra. This line is fairly old (circa 1960) and has no spare capacity,

2) A 20" diameter High Pressure gas pipeline from Narsingdi to the Titas Gas Compound.

Provided sufficient gas supplies are made available a separate suitably sized, metered and pressure regulated gas connection will be arranged in the existing Titas Gas Station at the Siddhirganj Power Station complex for the new Peaking Plant.

Present Bangladesh Regulations dictate that the maximum gas pressure allowed for this supply will be 150 psig. This will necessitate the provision of gas compressors to raise, the gas pressure to that required by the Peaking Plant gas turbines. The gas compressors will be situated within the boundaries of the Peaking Power Plant site.

From an agreed terminal point within the Titas gas compound the gas supply pipe will be routed via existing pipe racks to the Peaking Power plant. The selected EPC Contractor will be responsible for the supply, erection, support, cleaning and commissioning of the interconnecting gas pipeline.

Fuel for the gas turbine unit of the proposed peaking power plant is natural gas to be supplied by the Titas Gas Transmission and Distribution Co. Titas is the only distributor of gas in the project area, a state run company that sells gas to BPDB at price dictated by the Government. The tariff is subject to change from time to time, the current price being Tk. 70 per MCF. No standby fuel for the proposed power station is contemplated.

Table-1.2: The typical analysis data of the natural gas

Components % Wt Nitroaen 0.785 ~arbgn-di-oxide 0.275 Methane 90.882 Ethane 3.380 Propane 0.657 i-Butane 0.394 n-Butane 0.340 i-Pentane 0.127 n-Pentane 0.053 Hexane 0.200 Heptane 2.407 Total 100.000

As shown above, the natural gas is relatively high in quality with the methane content in excess of 90%. The remainder of the gas mostly consists of longer chain hydrocarbons.

At present there is a 20-inch gas transmission line from Bakhrabad to Dernra. Then there is a 14 inch dia Tee-off line from Dewanbagh which provides fuel gas to Haripur 100 MW GT power station. For the proposed Siddhirganj Power Plant Project as well as for BPDB 360 MW Haripur Combined Cycle Power Plant project, Titas Gas Transmission Co. Ltd (GTCL) is planning to construct a 30 inch dia 1000 psi transmission line from Bakhrabad to Siddhirgarij. A new 16-inch dia I 000-psi branch line is proposed to be constructed upto Titas's Valve Station (VS) near the

P f Won'd Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhimani

Haripur Power Plant Complex. Titas proposes to construct a 20 inch dia 350 psi branch line to provide fuel gas to the 360 MW Haripur Combined Cycle Power Plant Project on payment by BPDB. They have committed to build this by 2009. A sketch (Figure-1.3) shows the existing gas well and its planned gas piping system.

1.6 Study Methodology

The baseline study has been conducted based on all possible secondary information and from primary sources through questionnaire survey and small-scale public consultation.

During this process, the following steps were followed:

Review of the previously conducted environmental studies in the project area;

Collection and review of pertinent reports and other references;

Detail understanding of the scope of the assignment, activities involved, intervention locationslareas and their surrounding environment;

Reconnaissance survey to get an impression of the groundwater source, natural khals and rivers as well as drainage system;

Engage resource personslfield staff keeping in mind the limited time available for the assignment, arrange mobilization and necessary orientation;

Collected all possible data on the environmental and natural resource components and parameters of necessity;

Developed and utilized different information gathering tools, as necessary or felt appropriate;

Undertaken field visits and field surveys, as necessary, to different intervention sites, which were representatives of different geographical coverage, different ecosystems and communities and also potential environmental and social problem areas;

Conducted noise level survey within the power plant complex and its 1.0 km radius including noise level exposure information at proposed location of power plant near school;

Conducted air quality sample survey at the proposed location of the power plant;

Consulted people through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) at 10 locations in and around the project site to get the people's perception about the project;

Carried out Key Informants Interview (KII) with 9 important and renowned persons of various occupations; and

Consultants had undertaken review of all necessary literature including studies accomplished by different organizations pertinent to the project area. Attempts were made to gather data from all relevant places, including the DCC, DAE, IUCN, BWDB, SRDI, DOE, DTCB, BUET, BBS etc.

The data related to the existing environmental condition of the project area was collected from different Government offices, private companies, Non Government Organizatiorls and other secondary sources.

The important environmental and social issues identified in the EIA (ECOMAC-EGCB 2004) and those gathered from sample questionnaire survey has been reviewed and addressed in this study.

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhinrani

1.7 Baseline Study Team

Name Position Qualification

Khaled Abdullah Environmental Engineer B.Sc. Engineering (Team Leader)

Dr. Rafiqul Islam Ecologist (Fishery) Ph.D.

Zafar Imam Socio-Economist M.A.

Mohiuddin Patowari Sociologist B.A.

A K M Enamul Huqe GIs Specialist M.Sc. (Geography)

Nurul Alam Siddique Jr. Environmental Engineer B. Sc. Engineering

Asif Masud Jr. Environmental Engineer B. Sc. Engineering

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhiruani

2.0 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT

2.1 Introduction

Baseline data on environment is important to understand existing physical environmental characteristics. This information forms the basis to analyze the probable impacts of the project activities. Mainly there are two principal objectives in examining and defining the existing environment.

To recognize potential environmental risks of the project and enable mitigation measures to be identified.

To provide a baseline against which environmental conditions in the future project may be measured, and to document conditions which were either existing or developing before the introduction of the project and not due to the project.

2.2 Topography and Land Use

2.2.1 Topography

The proposed power plant is located on the east bank of river Shitalakhaya about 20km to the south-east of Dhaka City. The site is situated on the Brahmaputra flood plain, extending from the Brahmaputra Meghna intersection northeast towards the Sylhet depression. Figure-2.1 shows the major physiographic units with project location.

The general project area is a vast, low-lying alluvial plain, sloping gently to the south and southeast. A depression extends northeast from the Dhaka area following the Meghna floodplain and broadens out in the Sylhet depression. Within this area, elevations are less than 5m above mean sea level (WARPO).

2.2.2 Land Use

The proposed power plant site is located at the west bank of the river Shitalakhaya at Narayangaj Sadar in Narayanganj District of Dhaka Division. The site is located in the industrial belt along the river Shitalakhaya. Commercial shops and Katchpur bus stands are on the north-east corner and about 800 meter away from the proposed site. The area on the west side of the river is mainly used as stone breaking yard. There are some cement storage godowns and industries at the north of on the west side of the river.

Agricultural land extended to the west of the plant site for about 1 km. Dhaka-Chittagong highway and Katchpur Bridge lies about 1.5 km to the north of the project site. Proposed site has direct access to the Demra-Narayanganj Sadar regional highway at the west.

The land use pattern in the area is of mixed type having industrial, commercial and residential uses. Erratic development of housing and industries, imprudent alignment of roads and


commercial places and some pockets of good agricultural land are common features of the existing topography surrounding the project area.

2.2.3 Industrial Use

The proposed site is located within the existing Siddhirganj power plant complex on the west bank of the river Shitalakhaya. On the est side of the river there exits BPDB's Haripur 100 MW gas turbine power station and DESA's 132133kv sub-station. The 3 (three) gas turbine generators currently operate in open cycle mode. It is planned that other power projects will be established in the area. These include the proposed power plant of 360 MW combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) plant adjacent to Haripur 100MW power plant.

110 MW barge mounted power plant built by NEPC located on the left bank of the river Shitalakhaya lies to the north of Haripur gas turbine power plant. There is a possibility that 2x120 MW and ADB funded 2xI20MW peaking power plants will be built within the power plant complex.

To the south of BPDB's Haripur 100 MW gas turbine power plant lies the Star Particle Board factory. To the further south lies Globeeq's 360MW Power Plant.

On the west bank of the river Shitalakhaya the principal land users consist of the Pidamjee EPZ (former Adamjee Jute Mill), a food silo, scattered human settlements, agricultural land and a number of small industrial units under construction. Table-4.11 presents the list of large and medium scale industries with personnel, turnover and discharge, which are also shown in Figure- 4.2 (Chapter-4).

2.3 Geology and Soils

Geology of Bangladesh is generally dominated by poorly consolidated sediments deposit over the past 10,000 to 15,000 years (Holocene age). The geology of the study area consists of Quaternary deltaic sediments, which have been strongly influenced by tectonic movements on deep-seated faults. The area lies on a tectonic block, which has been uplifted relative to the surrounding areas. Tile soil profile of the study area consists of about 12m thick clay deposit followed by sand, clay and progressively coarser sand as depth increases. Figure-;!.2 shows the lithology of a bore log at Godnail, Narayangani in terms of crop production, the soils of Bangladesh can be categorized into three main classes, floodplain, terrace and hill soils. The proposed site is on a floodplain or alluvial soils. This type of soil mainly comprises sandy barns and sandy clay barns and tends to be gray to dark gray in poorly drained basins and brown on higher and better drained land.

With specific reference to the proposed power plant project site, the soil is light to medium gray, fine sandy to clayey silt. It is poorly stratified, of average grain size which decreases while moving away from the main river channel.

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhimanj

in ChiEqong Coastal Piain plain [js? Northern and E;astern Piedmont Plain

i:Wj Wadhupur Tracb Xppera Surface The low Hill Ranges

Source: Banglapedia

Figure-2.1: Physiographic units of study area

Env~ronmental Rasel~ne Studv of World Bank Flnanced 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at S~ddh~manl

I?C3RE I.Fri C31~1i13E3Xi'LL1, SJXB~.A?',%SG,%F;J

Figure-2.2: The lithology of a borelog at Godnail, Narayanganj

Environmental Baseline Studv of Wodd Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhiqani

2.4 Climate

The region has a tropical climate with three main seasons - the hot and humid summer, the rainy season and the mild and relatively dry winter. The climate of Bangladesh exhibits pronounced seasonal variability associated with monsoon winds - predominantly from the south west during summer, from the northeast durirlg winter and light and variable during spring and autumn. Bangladesh can be divided into seven climatic zones as shown in Box-2.1. Study area falls under south-central zone subjected by moderate rainfall and temperature.

As there is no meteorological station available near the site, spatial climatic analysis has been done to assess climatic condition of the study area. Different meteorological data like rainfall, temperature, relative humidity and wind speeds are described in the following sub-sections.

Box-2.1 Climatic Zones of Bangladesh

I) Northern part of the northern zone - this is an area of extreme with mean maximum summer temperature of about 3 2 ' ~ and the mean winter temperature of 1 0 ' ~ . The summer is dry and the rainy season is very wet.

II) North-western zone - extremes are less than zone 1 and the rainfall is lower.

Ill) Western dry zone - comprised of Rajshahi and parts of adjacent districts. The driest part of the country with mean annual rainfall below 1524 mm.

IV) South-western zone - Similar to zone 2 except mean rainfall between 1524 and 1778 mm. V) South-central zone - Rainfall is above 1900 mm and temperature range is milder.

VI) North-eastern zone - Rainfall is the highest in this region with the range of 4000 to 5000 mm per year. It rain in the winter and fog is also common in the early morning. Maximum summer temperature usually stays below 32 C.

VII) South-eastern zone - Similar to zone 6 with mean annual rainfall between 2500 to 3500 mm.

2.4. I Rainfall

The general pattern of precipitation (which consists entirely of rain) follows the monsoon pattern with the cooler, drier months of November to March, increasing rains in April and May and highest rainfall in the summer months of June to September when the prevailing wind direction from the southwest brings moisture laden air from Bay of Bengal. Average monthly rainfall values for Dhaka are given in Table-2.1 and Figure-2.3.

Table-2.1: Rainfall characteristics of the study area, 1990-2005

Annual Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Total

Average rainfall lmml

7 23 54 129 273 402 440 361 279 163 38 7 2174

Average rainy day per month

2 2 5 9 1 4 1 8 2 3 2 1 17 9 3 0

Source: BCA 2005, Bangladesh Water Development Board


Climatic Chart for the Study Area

T 40

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

, amrage Prec~p~lat~on [mm] - - average max lemp - - -average mln temp a v e r a g e mean temp 1

Source: BCA 2005

Figure-2.3: Monthly average temperature (mean, max, min) and average rainfall

The cool season in Bangladesh coincides with the period of lowest precipitation, where highest precipitation occurs in the wet season. As a result of the greater cloud cover during the wet season, average hours of sunshine are least between June to September at about 5 hours a day. This higher incidence of cloud cover has great significance for the stability of the atrriosphere and hence dispersion of atmospheric pollutants.

Annual precipitation of below recurrence: P = 5 % 2440 mm P = 1 0 % 2310 mm P = 9 0 % 1450 mm P = 95% 1350 mm

- maximum daily observed precipitation 325 mm - maximum rate of precipitation lasting 20 minutes of annual recurrence 310 11s ha.

Vaporization from ground surface - mean annual 1085 mm

2.4.2 Ambient Air Temperature

The temperature of the country has the relationship with the period of rainfall. In general, cool seasons coincide with the period of lowest rainfall. Table-2.2 shows the monthly average mean, maximum and minimum temperature of the project area. Maximum average temperature of 28.7"C was observed in May and minimum average temperature was 18.7"C in January. Figure- 2.3 shows monthly average mean temperature, minimum temperature and maximum1 temperature for the project area.

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhimanj

Table-2.2: Temperature, Humidity, Rainfall and others for project area

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Avg.

MeanTernp("C) 18.7 21.4 25.9 28.3 28.7 28.6 28.3 28.5 28.5 27.4 23.9 19.9 25.7

Min Temp ("C) 12.1 14.8 19.7 23.2 24.5 25.5 25.6 25.8 25.5 23.6 18.6 13.6 21.0

Humidity (%) 73.8 68.4 69.9 73.9 79.1 84.6 86.2 85.2 94.8 81.4 77.0 75.5 79.1

Average Wind 45.6 58.4 99.8 159.5 146.4 150.6 146.4 130.6 94.8 55.0 40.4 37.4 97.1

Speed (krnlday)

Max Wind Speed (krnldavl

222 534 445 623 623 845 533 801 623 1157 712 489 633.9 - ,

Min Wind Speed (krnlday)

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Solar Radiation 14.7 17.2 19.3 20.9 19.8 16.3 15.7 16.3 15.9 16.5 15.2 13.9 16.8

(M Jlm2ld)

Evaporation 2.4 3.0 4.2 4.9 4.7 3.9 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.5 2.9 2.4 3.6

(mmld) Altitude: 8 meter(s) above MSL. Source: BCA 2005

2.4.3 Relative Humidity

As would be expected, humidity during the wet season is significantly higher, as shown in Table- 2.2 than those occurring at other times of the year. Maximum relative humidity for the project area is found as 94.8% in the month of September, whereas minimum relative humidity is 68.4% in the month of February.

2.4.4 Wind Speeds and Direction

Average of observation data of wind speeds made is presented in Table-2.2. The predominant wind directions at the project site are from the south and southeast. From November to February the wind directions are from north to northeast and from March to October it is from south to southeast. It can be observed from Table-2.2 that the maximum wind speed prevails during the month of September, which is 1157 kmlday.

The elements average number of days per year with: Thunderstorms 5 0

Fog 36.6 Hail 1.6 Wind gusts 2.0

2.5 Ambient Air Quality

Air quality in the Dhaka City and its neighbourhoods is deteriorating both from natural and manmade causes. It is one of the most dangerous and common kind of environmental pollution that is reported in most industrial towns and metropolitan city Bangladesh. Major atmospheric

Environmental Basel~ne Studv of Wodd Bgnk Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhimani

pollution is caused by man induced activities like burning fossil fuels, industrial processors, construction works and agriculture, transportation industry. In the rural areas Iiowever the ambient air quality is relatively good. Although much baseline information is lacking it is assumed that excepting the small areas near the urban growth centre air quality in the most of the area would be far below the Environmental Quality Standards of Bangladesh. Secondary information of air quality data collected by the Department of Environment at the proposed plant site is given in Table-2.3. It shows that the ambient air quality in terms of major three ambient air quality indicators SPM, NOx and SOz, is considered to quite good and still has reasonable buffer/assimilation capacity to adsorb air pollutants to a certain extent. These are within the prescribed limit of the National Air quality Standards. Air quality data collected in February, 1998 and 2006 at Haripur which is near to the project site also shows that the air quality in the project area and its vicinity (Table-2.3) is below the national standard.

Table-2.3: Air quality of the proposed plant site

Location Date Air quality

Conc. in p-gmlcu-meter

Siddhirganj 2x150 MW power plant, Narayanganj. SPM NOx so2

Plant gate about 100 meter west from the plant 23.04.04 361.72 28.00 ND

PDB gate about 500 meter west from the plant 23.04.04 370.62 36.52 12.40

Sukkur Super Market about 1000 meter west from the plant 23.04.04 385 45.24 18.20

Standard as per ECR 1997 in Bangladesh for Industrial and Mixed Area 500.00 100.00 120.00

Note : 1. SPM - Suspended Particulate Metter. 2. NOx - Oxides of Nitrogen. 3. SO2 - Sulphur-di-Oxide. 4. ND - Not detectable. Source: ECOMAC-EGCB 2004

Table-2.4: Secondary air quality of the nearby area at Haripur.

Location Date Air quality

Conc. in p-gmlcu-meter

PMlo SPM NOx SO2 CO

About 30 m south side of Haripur Power plant 04.02.98 257.58 24.20 28.78

About 130 m north side of Haripur Power Plant 04.02.98 223.73 16.08 :?O.OO

West-north corner of Haripur 360 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant near Coventa Operating main gate

22.03.06 100 217 37.10 !51.41 121.41

West-north corner of Haripur 360 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant near Kutubpur village

22.03.06 119 262 54.47 :37.42 97.49

Note : 5. PMlo - Reparable Dust Content 6. CO - Carbon Mono-oxide Source: BRTC 1998, Aflandta-BPDB 2006


2.6 Noise

Noise pollution in the urban area is also a serious threat to the quality of man's environment. High-intensity sound, such as that emitted by machines used for excavating earth and wielding pipes for long period of time is disturbing to nearby human population and the wildlife. When continued for long period of time it also permanently damages the hearing of the workers engaged in the area. While 50db creates severe discomfort in the community life 85db usually considered as the critical level for ear damage. The Environmental Quality Standards for Bangladesh (DOE, 1991) have set noise guidelines for industrial sites in Bangladesh. According this standard noise level should not exceed 75db in the daytime and 70db at night.

Existing ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the proposed power plant has been measured using a noise meter. The monitoring has been carried out both day and night time on 9-Sep-2006 (Saturday) and 12-Sep-2006 (Tuesday) considering off-day and working-day respectively (Table- 2.5). The table shows that inside the power plant complex where existing steam turbine power plant was in operation, the noise level exceeded the standard level.

Figure-2.4 shows the maximum noise level data at sampling location in and around the project area.

Noise level monitoring has also been conducted on 11-Sep-2006 during the daytime from 8:00 hours to 14:OO hours at selected position (Location 30) near the proposed power plant location inside the Siddhirganj Power Plant Complex to assess the noise level exposure. Table-2.6 shows the noise level exposure information at proposed power plant location.

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhiraani

Table-2.5: Noise data at different location in the study SL Feature type Location Nosie Level in dBA

Day Night 1 Ghat Kuripara Gudara Ghat 71.86 66.64 2 Bazar Gokuldasher Bag,Joints of four road 73.07 68.07 3 Health center Health & Family wellfare 26.27 15.99 4 Tubewell Golbag Jame Mosque 59.37 54.36 5 Saw mill Vhuiya&sons Saw mill 60.83 51.93 6 Primary School Chapatoli Govt.High School 28.93 23.46 7 K.M Post In between Syedpur & Modonpur 76.57 67.33 8 Mosque Gokuldashar Bag, Modunpur 64.06 56.54 9 Large lnfrastructer Horipur 72.87 66.15 10 School Kuripara, Th:Bondar, Un:Dhamgoar 66.00 56.20 11 Culvert Vandarir pul, Godnail 92.70 87.35 12 Cinema hall Munlight High School, Shimul para 64.07 57.66 13 Residential area Navana vhuiya city. 66.93 59.07 14 Grave yard Kadamtali Gorastan. 70.30 64.36 15 School M.W. High school. 63.30 52.92 16 College Govt. Adamji Nogar M.W. college 62.80 52.51 17 Bus stand Adamji bus stand 86.93 77.78 18 EPZ garment gate Korim market, Adamji nagar. NG 76.03 70.04 19 Power plant Siddhirgong Power station 75.00 68.30 20 Brick field Brick field 64.70 55.31 21 Industry New Laki Textail. 60.37 50.87 22 Silo Narayngong Silo 75.30 69.42 23 School Siddhirgong 69.37 60.48 24 Garments & Brickfield Siddhirgong pul. 79.50 70.75 25 Joints of Four roads Chittagong Road 89.63 83.12 26 Location 1 Inside Power Plant Complex 73.66 68.79 27 Location 2 Inside Power Plant Complex 62.63 56.04 28 Location 3 Inside Power Plant Complex 87.00 52.06 29 Location 4 Inside Power Plant Complex 73.66 63.48 30 Location 5 Inside Power Plant Complex 90.23 84.03 31 Location 6 Inside Power Plant Complex 67.06 62.69 32 Location 7 Inside Power Plant Complex 84.70 80.56 33 Location 8 Inside Power Plant Complex 74.53 69.21 34 Location 9 Inside Power Plant Complex 86.50 82.23 35 Location 10 Inside Power Plant Complex 81.16 76.96 36 Location 11 Inside Power Plant Complex 112.63 92.16 37 Location 12 Inside Power Plant Complex 117.70 95.04 38 Location 13 Inside Power Plant Complex 88.13 82.16 39 Location 14 Inside Power Plant Complex 90.16 90.26 40 Location I 5 Inside Power Plant Complex 87.00 81.96 41 Location 16 Inside Power Plant Complex 89.03 80.69 42 Location 17 Inside Power Plant Complex 92.66 83.48 43 Location 18 Inside Power Plant Complex 95.20 89.21 44 Location 19 Inside Power Plant Complex 106.33 91.36 45 Location 20 Inside Power Plant Complex 91 .OO 84.16 46 Location 21 Inside Power Plant Complex 129.63 98.14 47 Location 22 Inside Power Plant Complex 114.10 91.01 48 Location 23 Inside Power Plant Complex 115.53 94.33 49 Location 24 Inside Power Plant Complex 11 9.63 96.66 50 Location 25 Inside Power Plant Complex 130+ 130+ 51 Location 26 Inside Power Plant Complex 92.50 82.29 52 Location 27 Inside Power Plant Complex 73.86 67.56 53 Location 28 Inside Power Plant Complex 74.36 64.49 54 Location 29 Inside Power Plant Complex 64.10 61.02 55 Location 30 Inside Power Plant Complex 71.03 68.53 56 Location 31 Inside Power Plant Complex 74.50 69.79 57 Location 32 Inside Power Plant Complex 77.73 71.33 58 Location 33 Inside Power Plant Complex 75.33 70.1 1 59 Location 34 Inside Power Plant Complex 89.10 86.50 60 Location 35 Inside Power Plant Complex 88.80 81.90 61 Location 36 Inside Power Plant Complex 87.96 78.60 62 Location 37 Inside Power Plant Complex 93.56 84.60 63 Location 38 Inside Power Plant Complex 86.16 82.40

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhirqanj

Figure-2.4: Noise level data in and around the project area

Table-2.6: Noise level exposure at proposed power plant location

Hours N (dBA) Hours N (dBA) Hours N (dBA) Hours N (dBA) Hours N (dBA)

2.7 Surface Water Hydrology

The source of process water supply for the proposed SPPP is the Shitalakhaya River on whose bank project site. The Shitalakhaya River has no independent catchment area; it is a tributary of the Old Brahmaputra and flows into the Daleswary (the new river bed of the Brahmaputra) downstream of the city of Narayanganj. The Shitalakhaya River is 109 km long. The area adjoining the Shitalakhaya River valley is a part of the delta plane of the Ganges and Brahmaputra and features extremely flat lands. Where the water intake is to be designed, width of the river is about 300 m.

2.7.1 River Water Level

The site is adjacent to the Shitalakhaya River, and data on maximum and minimum River levels recorded over a period of 42 years very close to the site are provided. Water level data of the

Environmen!al3aseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhirsani

river for the period 1988-2005 is given in Table-2.7. The maximum levels at high tide and low tide level is found as 6.93m and 6.90m respectively in the year 1998 whereas maximum water levels at high and low tide periods are 0.92m and 0.63m respectively as found in 1995. The data shows that the water levels of the river are not influenced much by tidal effect and also indicates wide variation between water level in monsoon and dry season. There is rise in water level with the commencement of monsoon rainfall from MayIJune till SeptemberIOctober. Tidal influence reduces with monsoon flooding.

Table-2.7: Water level at Shitalakhaya River, 1988-2005

Year Maximum level (m) Minimum level (m) Mean level (m) 1988 4.38 (430) 1.22 (0.83) 3.265 (2.99) 1989 4.92 (4.92) 1.22 (0.85) 3.376 (3.128) 1990 5.34 (5.30) 1.11 (0.79) 3.064 (2.788) 1991 5.28 (5.26) 1.13 (0.73) 3.122 (2.841) 1992 5.82 (5. 6) 1.2 (0.85) 3.276 ( (3.02) 1993 5.36 (4.47) 1.27 (0.84) 2.819 (2.493) 1994 5.80 (5.74) 1.25 (0.73) 3.262 (2.95) 1995 5.07 (4.99) 0.92 (0.63) 12.907 (2.48) 1996 5.75 (5.64) 2.07 (2.61) 4.21 (4.13) 1997 5.59 (5.39) 1.59 (1.36) 3.59 (3.37) 1998 6.93 (6.90) 1.73 (1.29) 4.33 (4.09) 1999 5.74 (5.67) 1.57 (0.99) 3.65 (3.33) 2000 5.92 (5.89) 1.71 (1.31) 3.81 (3.6) 2001 5.41 (5.25) 1.65 (1.15) 3.53 (3.20) 2002 5.81 (5.75) 1.90 (1.18) 3.86 (3.47) 2003 6.42 (6.39) 1.85 (1.20) 4.14 (3.40) 2004 6.75 (6.71) 1.52 (1.14) 4.14 (3.92) 2005 5.71 (5.85) 1.64 (1.27) 3,68 (3.43)

*Numbers in the parenthesis indicate value at low tide period. Source: B WDB 2005

2.7.2 River Water Flow

The discharge of the Shitalakhaya River, as part of the Brahmaputra basin, is formed by tropical monsoons and by the thawing of snow and ice caps high in the mountains. It is possible to identify two periods in the river water regime: a period of high stable floods n June to October and a period of low-low water level in the dry season from November to May. What is characteristic for the river water regime is the impact of high- and low tides of the Bay of Bengal. The tides have a semi-diurnal cycle.

The flow of Shitalakhaya River at HaripurIDemra is affected by tides. The maximum discharge of 2742.2m3/sec was measured on 9-Sep-1998, whereas the minimum discharge of 1(35.528m3/sec was recorded on 10-June-2002. The water flow data collected from BWDB for the period from 1996 to 2004 is attached in Table-2.8.

2.7.3 River Water Abstraction

As the availability of fresh water at the site is adequate, it is intended that water for cooling purposes will be abstracted from the Shitalakhaya River via intake structure at surface level to be located up stream of the proposed plant. As the water abstracted for cooling purposes will be discharged to the river, no permanent withdrawal of water from the river will take place.

Environmental Baseline Study of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhirqanj

Table-2.8: Flow at Shitalakhaya River, 1983-2004

Year Maximum (cu-mlsec) Minimum (cu-mlsec) 1983 1900 867 1984 2260 791 1985 2070 92 1 1986 1670 924 1987 2090 771

-. .- .

2004 1214 682 Source: B WDB 2005

2.7.4 River Water Abstraction

As the availability of fresh water at the site is adequate, it is intended that water for cooling purposes will be abstracted from the Shitalakhaya River via intake structure at surface level to be located up stream of the proposed plant. As the water abstracted for cooling purposes will be discharged to the river, no permanent withdrawal of water from the river will take place.

2.7.5 River Water Temperature

River water temperature has been collected at four selected locations at Om and 3m water level on 8-Sep-2006. Data shows that water temperature at discharge point of existing Siddhirganj power plant rose upto 40,2"C,whereas as 32.1 at intake point (Table-2.9).

Table-2.9: Water temperature of Shitalakhaya River by water level

X4 (1 00m south (ft).l

X2(100m No*! X3 (Discharge Point) from dischar No Distance X I (Intake Point) dischar

Height + 3.0m O.Om 3.0m O.Om 3.0m O.Om 3.0m O.Om Date: 8 Sep 2006 Start Time: 09:25 am End Time: 10:30 am 1 0 31.7 31.6 32.7 33.1 33.5 36.6 32.3 32.2 2 30 31.5 31.4 32.7 33.3 34.9 35.8 32.3 32.2 3 60 31.5 31.4 32.6 32.5 34.4 33.5 32.0 31.9 4 90 31.4 31.3 32.3 32.5 32.5 32.4 31.8 31.8 5 120 31.5 31.4 32.6 32.7 32.3 32.2 32.0 32.0 6 180 31.4 31.3 32.5 32.6 32.7 32.7 31.9 32.0

Date: 8 Sep 2006 Start Time: 10:30 am End Time: 1 1 :35 am 7 0 31.9 32.1 32.7 32.9 37.2 40.2 33.8 34.0 8 30 31.7 31.6 32.4 32.3 36.2 37.4 33.6 33.5 9 60 31.7 31.8 32.4 32.2 33.9 35.1 33.0 32.9 10 90 31.8 31.6 32.4 32.3 32.9 33.9 32.6 33.0 11 120 31.9 31.9 32.3 32.3 32.9 33.3 32.2 32.1 12 180 32.0 32.0 32.2 32.3 33.0 33.2 32.3 32.1

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Powerplant at Siddhiruani

2.7.6 Water Turbidity

According to the observed data on the Shitalakhaya River for the dry season of 1983 (January, November, December), the prevailing water turbidity in the Shitalakhaya River was 25-40 g/m3. In the 1983 season of monsoons, prevailing turbidity was 100-260 g/m3, though, occasion ally, the value went up to 3400 g/m3. According to the 1975 (July-September) observations, water turbidity near the surface was 168-487 g/m3, near the fiver bed layer - from 393 to 3860 g/m3; prevailing turbidity ranged from 500 to 1200 g/m3.

2.7.7 River Water Quality

The existing water quality of the Shitalakhaya river is relatively (in respect to other major rivers except Buriganga near Dhaka) poor (Table-2.10). Because the Shitalakhaya River receives discharges from all the industries situated on the upstream and down stream which include, fertilizers, textiles, jute mills, soap factory, pulp and paper mill etc. Industrial pollution often creates very severe localized environmental problems, which can affect human health, aesthetic and local ecosystems.

The Shitalakhaya River also receives hot water discharge from the existing power plants on its bank namely, Siddhirganj steam power plant, Ghorasal steam power plant, Globeleq CC power plant etc. Besides, the industrial pollution, the urban centers (Ghorasal, Rupgonj, Demra, Siddhirganj, Adamjeenagar and Narayangorij) on either sides of the river also discharges their untreated domestic wastes into the river. In addition to the point sources, the discharge from non-point sources include those from engine boats, shipping (oil and grease) and run off from agricultural activities containing pesticides and chemical fertilizer residues are also drained into the river. Water quality data for some parameters are presented in Table-2.10. It may be pointed out that the cooling water discharge shall be similar in composition to that of the water abstracted from the Shitalakhaya River.

Table-2.10: Water quality of the Shitalakhaya River

SI No Parameters Unit Results Bangladesh Standard 01 DH 7.25 6.0-9.0 - . .. . .

02 Suspended Solid mgll 46 100 03 Total Dissolved Solid mgll 320 2100 04 BOD5 mgll 44 50 05 COD mgll 115 200 06 NO3 mgll 1.8 10 07 Chloride mgll 78 600 08 Electric Conductivity p-Siemenslcm 345 1200 09 so4 mgll 10 10 l ron mgll 1.5 0.3-1 .O 11 Manganese m gll Nil 5 12 SiOz (Silica) mgll 45 13 Phosphate mgll 5.0

15 Turbidity JTU 34 16 Avg. temp at different depth (low tide) "C 27 40 17 Avg Avg. temp at different depth (High tide) "C 25 40 Sampling Date: 29-Marcj-2006; Location: Near proposed Haripur 360MW CCPP, Haripur Bandar, Narayanganj

Source: ATLANTA-BPDB 2006

Environmental Baseline Study of World Bank Financed 2x 150 MW Gas Turb~ne Power Plant at Siddh~mani

2.7.8 Drainage pattern

Drainage system of the study area is shown in Figure-2.5. It is seen from the figure that west side of the DND canal within the study area is poorly drained and early flushed. The east part of the study area are commonly poorly drained with early and late flushed.

2.8 Groundwater Hydrology

2.8.1 Groundwater Level

Groundwater hydrological conditions are established by availability of developed groundwater horizon everywhere, adapted to dust foams and sand lenses. Groundwater depth, discovered wells in July-November 1996 was 0.6-9.0 m from surface. The waters are closely connected with the Shitalakhaya River and during flooding practically are occurred on surface. Maximum groundwater level is corresponded to the Shitalakhaya river level and equals to 6.55 m (in GTS system), ( I % of occurrence).

Groundwater table in major portion of Bangladesh exists at a shallow to moderate (Generally below 3.0m) depth with confined, semi-confined and unconfined aquifers which is being recharged by major river systems and by infiltration of rain water. The groundwater table fluctuate with seasons approaching near ground surface (within 1.Om) over most of the country during wet seasons (July-September).

Like other parts of the country, groundwater is a stable source of water for various activities including irrigation (both shallow and deep tube wells), domestic purposes (hand pumps) and industrial applications (deep wells) in the project area. The fluctuation of groundwater in the area in the dry season is lowered to about 6.0m below the ground level. However, groundwater levels return their original position before the end of monsoon. This condition is referred to as an 'aquifer full' response, where ground levels are controlled by rivers or other forms of surface drainage.

Groundwater in the project area is present in regular sequence as discussed above, with the upper layer to the main aquifer being in continuity, and is functioning as a semi-confined storage system. Hydraulic continuity also exists with the surface water, but its principal movement in the area is v6rtical due to a low hydraulic -gradient.

Under natural condition the groundwater level reflects the wet and dry season as noticed in all the water level stations. The levels are lowest in late April or early May and rise to field capacity during the rainy season. The field capacity is then maintained to the end of the rainy season till the dry season recession conveniences. In general, dry season use of ground water is extensive in most of the project area.

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MWGas Turbine PowerPlant at Siddhiqani

Natural Drainage System Mixed Imperfectly DR & Poorly DR-Early

Shitalakhaya River ixed Well-DR &Poorly DR-Early

National Highway ostly Poorly OR-Late WS Poorly DR-Early

Regional Highway ostly Poorly drained-Early

Mostly Poorly drained-Late

Source: BCA 2005

Figure-2.5: Drainage pattern of the study area


2.8.2 A quifer

The aquifer system of the project area is defined by the delineation of zones having similar hydrological characteristics, which are attributable to particular litholigical features. The zones defined in the project area based on (Challan beel are) are as follows:

a) Upper clay and silt zone:

A semi confined low permeability layer to the system providing water to hand tube wells and to some shallow tube wells from their sandy layer.

b) Compsiter aquifer:

The upper most significant and. recognized aquifer with moderate potentialities providing water to lower capacity (8-12 IitresISec) shallow tubewells from fine sandy layers with occasional interception of medium fine sand.

c) Main aquifer:

Consists of medium to coarse sand is the principal water bearing aquifer of the project area. The aquifer allows high capacity wells (56 literslsec) and above

d) Deep aquifer:

Usually deeper and varies between 100m - 150m. This aquifer is usually separated by a clayey layer. However this is beyond the normal obstruction zone and therefore is of little interest.

2.8.3 Groundwater Quality

Groundwater quality data obtained from the national survey is presented in Table-2.11. Groundwater quality data indicates generally a low total dissolved solid and is suitable for drinking and irrigation use. The analytical data shows that pH values for both shallow and deep strata remain in the neutral to alkaline range, EC values show in the range of 1000 micro Slcm. Hardness and chloride contents are found to higher for shallow strata than those of deeper one. But hardness shows the reverse scenario which indicates that the mineral content in deep aquifer is more than those of shallow aquifer. Apart from hardness and relatively high level of chloride content, the quality of ground water is still good. Irrigation in the vicinity is being done through extraction of ground water by shallow tube wells and there is no complain heard against the water quality.


Table-2.1 I : Groundwater quality at two tubewells near project site

Water Quality Parameters Unit Godnail Siddhirganj

Total Alkalinity mgll 262 170 Total hardness mgll 180 N03-N mgll 2 1 so4 mgll 4 0 <50 As mgll 0.001 0.006 Al mgll c0.04 c0.04 B mgll 0.03 0.03 Ba mgll 0.1 0.31 Ca mgll 30.8 83.4

-

Cr mgll ~ 0 . 0 2 <0.02 C u mgll c.008 <0.008 Fe mgll 2.12 2.5 K mgll 1.4 1.6 Mg mgll 12.8 35.3 M n mgll 0.21 8.39 N a mgll 40.6 52.2 P mgll ~ 0 . 2 0.4 S i mgll 27.1 22.7 Zn mgll 0.022 0.008 Source: ECOMAC-EGCB 2004

2.9 Natural Hazards

Bangladesh can be regarded as susceptible to natural calamities. This is due to its unique combination of physiographic, morphological and other natural features which have lead to the direct loss of life and physical property on a massive scale. The natural calamities are floods, cyclones and storm surges, and earthquakes. Each of these natural hazards is discussed below.

2.9.1 Flooding

Flood is a common phenomenon in Bangladesh. Every year certain area of Bangladesh is subjected to flooding. The major cause of flood is monsoon rainfall runoff from upstream catchments More than 90 percent of runoff is from outside Bangladesh. Historical coverage for the flood occurred in 1998 shows in Figure -2.6.

It has been observed that the land used by the existing Siddhirganj power plant anti its electrical distribution system have never been exposed to flood water. The land based project buildings will be located at the same approximate elevation as the existing electrical distribution System.

2.9.2 Cyclones

Bangladesh is also cyclone prone. The country experiences, at times, catastrophic cyclones that cause immense loss of life and property. However, cyclones usually decay rapidly after coming into contact with land and such losses are largely confined to coastal regions. Since the project area is far from the coastal belt, the likely impact of cyclones will be relatively small and it will not be necessary to implement specific contingencies for such an event.


way ' : Flooded

Source: BCA 2005

Figure-2.6: Flood coverage of the study area, 1998

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhirsani

2.9.3 Earthquakes

Bangladesh and northeast Indian states have long been one of the seismically active regions of the World, and they have experienced numerous large earthquakes during the past 200 years at an average rate of one in every 30 years.

The catastrophic earthquakes of 1762 and 1782 are believed to have been partially responsible for the diversion of the Old Brahmaputra River from the west of Mymensingh to the present Jamuna Channel and the diversion of the Ganges River from its main Arial Khan clistributary to the present Padma channel. Since 1860 over 20 shallow and intermediate major earthquake epicentres have been recorded in Bangladesh and surrounding area.

Bangladesh has been classified as failing into three seismic zones with zone-Ill (0.25) the most severe and zone-l (Z = 0.075) the least, where Z is called zone coefficient. The project area falls into Zone-ll. As a result, the land buildings and land based structures for this project should be designed to withstand maximum lateral load of 10% of gravity load.

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhirqanj

3.0 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Introduction

Bangladesh is mainly a deltic region ofthe three big rivers, the Ganges, the Brahmaputra and the Meghna, and their tributaries. Fisheries resources occupy a key position in the agro-based economy of Bangladesh. About 80% of the animal protein in the diet comes from fish. In the past there were plenty of fish in water bodies like rivers, floodplains, natural depressions, oxbow and lake with people obtaining their fish requirements through fishing these water bodies. The natural freshwater fish production of Bangladesh was reported to show a declining trend. This decline is caused by a decrease in open water due to flood control and drainage programs and increasing population. Other major cause of this decline is due to discharge of untreated pollutants from the industries and agrochemicals.

3.2 Objectives

To identify the water quality in different point including discharge area of Siddirganj power station.

To asses fauna and flora of the river

To identify causes of declining fisheries resource

To recommend how to reduce the hazard effect which is acceptable and environmental impact of proposed power plant on ecology.

3.3 Limitations of the Study

There were some limitations of the study. In order to get a complete picture about the nature and magnitude of fluctuations of water quality parameters it was necessary to cover a whole year under different socio-economic and geographical settings in different seasons. This has not been possible in the present study as it had to very restricted time limit. Hence it does not reflect the total picture or the seasonal variations of physico-chemical properties of the river.

3.4 Materials and Methods

The primary data were collected from fishermen engaged in fishing in the river by interview to obtain information relating to the different species of fishes and other aquatic organism harvest by them. A questionnaire was prepared for the purpose but open ended question were posed.

Samples of water from intake and discharge point of industry were collected for water quality analysis. Water of some other points was also analyzed for the following parameters in situ by using a water analytical kit box.

Macrophytes present or not.

Temperature

DO (Dissolved Oxygen)

Secchi disc transparency

Environmental Baseline Study of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhirqanj

Total alkalinity

NH4 concentration

NO3 concentration etc.

3.5 Aquatic Ecosystem

The two main types of aquatic ecosystems are marine ecosystem and freshwater ecosystem. There are three basic types of freshwater ecosystems:

Lentic: slow-moving water, including pools, ponds, and lakes.

Lotic: rapidly-moving water, for example streams and rivers.

Wetlands: areas where the soil is saturated or inundated for at least part of the time.

The major zones in river ecosystems are determined by the river bed's gradient or by the velocity of the current. Faster moving turbulent water typically contains greater concentrations of dissolved oxygen, which supports greater biodiversity than the slow moving water of pools. The food base of streams within riparian forests is mostly derived from the trees, but wider streams and those that lack a canopy derive the majority of their food base from algae. Anadromas fish are also an important source of nutrients. Environmental threats to rivers include loss of water, dams, chemical pollution and introduced species.

Aquatic ecosystems perform many important environmental functions. For example, theyrecycle nutrients, purify water, attenuate floods, recharge ground water and provide habitats for wildlife. Aquatic ecosystems are also used for human recreation, and are very important to thetourism industry, especially in coastal regions.

The health of an aquatic ecosystem is degraded when the ecosystem's ability to absorb a stress has been exceeded. A stress on an aquatic ecosystem can be a result of physical, chemical of biological alterations of the environment. Physical alterations include changes in water temperature, water flow and light availability. Chemical alterations include changes in the loading rates of biostimulatory nutrients, oxygen consuming materials, and toxins. Biological alterations include the introduction of exotic species. Human populations can impose excessive stresses on aquatic ecosystems.

An ecosystem is composed of biotic communities and abiotic environmental factors, which form a self-regulating and self-sustaining unit. Abiotic environmental factors of aquatic ecosystems include temperature, salinity, and flow. The amount of dissolved oxygen in a water body is frequently the key substance in determining the extent and kinds of organic life in the water body. Fish need dissolved oxygen to survive. Conversely, oxygen is fatal to many kinds of anerobic bacteria.

3.5. I The Shitalakshya River

It originates from the Old Brahmaputra and bifurcates into two courses at Toke in Gazipur district. One of the courses named the Banar flows southwest and at Lakpur is renamed as the Shitalakshya. It then flows east of Narayanganj town. The Shitalakshya falls into the Dhaleswari near Kalagachhiya. The length of the river is about 110 km and the width near Narayanganj is

- 32 -


about 300 m but reduces to about 100 m in the upper reach. Its highest discharge has been measured at 2,600 cumec at Demra. The river is navigable throughout the year and shows little erosional tendency.

In the past, the famous muslin industry of the country flourished along the Shitalakshya. At present, a number of heavy industries stand on the banks of Shitalakshya. There are three thermal powerhouses located at Palash, north of Ghorashal, and one at Siddhirganj, on the bank of the river. The important river port of Narayanganj is also situated on its bank. The river was once famous for its clear and cool water. The river goes under tidal effect for about five months of the year but never overflows its banks.

Water quality

Water quality includes physical, chemical and biological variables affects fish production. Fish growth is not only dependant on water and food availability but also to a great extent on the favorable water quality. Water quality of the river Shitalakhaya was found suitable for fish growth in study area. Macrophytes were present in some places near shoreline. Major was water hyasinth (Kochuripana). According to fishermen at present water quality is ok but at dry season water level is low and due to industrial effluent especially from dying industry resulted deterioration of the ecosystem and water quality rapidly. Ahmed, 1988 reported that industries in five industrial zones round Dhaka discharge about 49 mt of untreated effluent daily into the adjacent rivers prominent among the are Shitalakhaya, Buringanga and the Balu river.

Temperature

Fish are poikilothermous with growth, reproduction and other biological activities influenced by the temperature of the external environment. Water temperature closely follows air temperature but in a tropical climate during both dry and wet season, the water temperature is high enough for good growth of fish (Boyd, 1990). Temperature of the river varied from 280C to 310C except discharged point where temperature found was 100C. Temperature of the discharged point is not suitable for fish growth, it may be more hazardous during winter season. but this temperature was present in small area. 500 meter far from the point temperature was around 280C.

Dissolved Oxygen

Dissolved Oxygen is a critical factor in fish production. Success or failure in fish farming often dependent upon the ability of the farer to avoid low Dissolved Oxygen. Prolonged exposure to sub lethal low concentration of Dissolved Oxygen is harmful to fish (Boyd, 1990). Dissolved Oxygen varied from 5.4 to 7.4 mg/L, which is suitable for fish growth.

pH indicates the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration. It expresses whether water and soil are acidic or not. the main sources of hydrogen ion within natural waters is H2C03 its various forms. Fish cannot survive in waters below pH 4 and above pH 1 I for very long periods. The optimum pH for fish is between 6.5 to 9. pH of the study area varied from 6.4 to 6.8.


Transparency

Transparency, inversely related to turbidity is measured by Secchi disk to indicate light penetration into water. Turbidity refers to how clear the water is. The greater the amount of total suspended solids (TSS) in the water, the higher the measured turbidity. The major source of turbidity in the open water zone is typically phytoplankton, but closer to shore, particulates may also be clays and silts from shoreline erosion, and organic detritus from stream and/or wastewater discharges. Dredging operations, channelization, increased flow rates, floods increase the cloudiness of the water. Very high levels of turbidity for a short period of time may not be significant and may even be less of a problem than a lower level that persists longer. Transparency ranged from 5 to 7 cm., that is not apposite for bottom dweller fishes such as Mrigel, Kalbasu etc.

Total alkalinity

Total alkalinity of water is its acid-neutralizing capacity and is mainly caused by carbonate, bicarbonate and hydroxide. hydroxide alkalinity generally only occurs in polluted waters (Rahman, 1991). Most productive water bodies have 200-500 mg/L total alkalinity (Jhingran, 1988). Alkalinity of study area varied from 180-240 (mg/L).

Nitrogen

The gaseous form is the most abundant Nitrogen fraction in water. Other inorganic form present is nitrite, nitrate, ammonia and ammonium. The proportion of ammonia and amm~onium varies with pH. Nitrogen is also present in soluble organic compounds and as a consistent of living and dead particulate organic matter. Ammonia has toxic effects on fish. The European Inland Fisheries Advisory Commission (1973) stated that toxic concentration of NH3 fresh water fish for short term exposure are between 0.7 and 2.4 mg/L as NH4.

Ranges of physicochemical factors are shown in Table-3.1

Table-3.1: Physicochemical factors for ecology

Factors Range

Temperature (OC) 28 to 31

DO (mglL) 5.4 to 7.4

pH 6.4 to 6.8

Transparency (crn) 5 to 7

Alkalinity (mglL) 180 to 240

3.52 Present aquatic resources in the Shitalakshya River

Aquatic environments and ecosystem quality, closely linked with atmospheric and terrestrial systems, are increasingly subject to human-induced change. According to fishermen basically there is no fish in the river Stialakhya. Now, during the rainy season several species of small fishes are caught by them but there is no big fish like Rui, Katla, Mrigel, Kalbasu etc. During the


winter season the river become fishless and fishermen become helpless. Some of them go to the river Meghna for fishing or they do another job like in the agriculture field, labor etc. Small fishes found into river are shown in the Table-3.2.

Table-3.2: Small fishes found in the river Shitalakhaya

Common Name Scientific name

Darkina Esomus danricus

Puti Punctius chola

Mola Amblypharyongodon mola

Dhela Rohtee cotio

Tengra Mystus tengaera

Gussha

Chapila

Mystus cavasius

Gadusia chapra

Chanda Chanda nama

Kachki

Bacha

Corica soboma

Eutropiichthys vcha

Chela Salmostoma phulo

Foli

Kajuli

Gaura

Tara Bain

Notopterus notopterus

Alia koila

Clupisoma garua

Macrognathus aculatus

Gutum Lepidocephalus guntea

Khalisha Colisa fasciatus

About 12 years back there was abundant large fishes like Carp fishes, Cat fishes and also carnivorous fishes in the river. Fishes of previous, not found present are listed in Table-3.3.

Table-3.3: Fishes previously found in the river Shitalakhaya

Common Name Scientific Name

Rui Labeo rohita

Katal Katla katla

Mrigel Cirrhinus mrigala

Kalbaus Labeo calbasu

Boal Wallago atu

Shol Channa striatas

Gazar Channa marulius

Chital Notopterus chitala

Pangus Pangius pangius

Air Sperata aor

Baghair Bagarius bagarius

Bele Glossogobius giuris

Environmental Baseline Study of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine PowerPlant at Siddhimani

Other aquatic resources in the Shitalakhaya river at present are as follows:

Susuk

Guisap

Snake

Joke

Samuk

Jhinuk

Kakra etc.

In previous days large number of Kchim, frog, kuicha and also Kumir were found in this river but now these species are not found at all.

3.5.3 Causes of declining of aquatic resources

A range of different issues has already been highlighted. However, according to upazila and District fisheries officer and fishermen the following problems are found:

Effluent from dying mill

Black water from Hazaribag through the river Buringanga

Discharge from fertilizer factory

River siltation

Barrage and dam

Hot or cold water from different Industries

Chemicals, solid waste and other particles from industries

Pressure of land use and intensification of agriculture represents a particular impacts

urbanization and the filing up of water bodies.

Most of the fishermen mentioned that discharge of toxic water from the industries in to the river is responsible for decline of fishes. Excluding these, District fisheries officer opined 'that closer of rivers and channels due to embankment is equally responsible for declining fishes in the river.

It is very difficult at this stage to develop a comprehensive perspective on the overall impact of the proposed power plant. To do so will require a far more integrated approach to data-collection and representation linked with very variable conditions of hydrology, soils and land-use.

During the baseline survey it is found and according to comments from interviewed group, Siddirganj power plant is not harmful for fisheries.

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhirgani

3.6 Terrestrial Ecosystem

In general terms an ecological system can be thought of as an assemblage of organisms (plant, animal and other liviug organisms-also referred to as a biotic community or biocoenosis) living together with their environment (or biotope), functioning as a loose unit. That is, a dynamic and complex whole, interacting as an "ecological unit." Ecosystems are functional units of interacting abiotic, biotic, and cultural (anthropogenic) components. All natural ecosystems are open systems where energy and matter are transferred in and out through the complex interactions of energy, water, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and other cycles. Unfortunately, many scientists contend, we humans have disrupted the balance of transfers across ecosystem boundaries.

Practically there is no natural vegetation in the proposed project area. It is a preurban area and there is no forested area within the project impact area. Still appropriate mitigation program should take not to affect potential homestead vegetation due to gaseous emissions from the proposed plants. Homestead plants and vegetation are listed below in Table3.4.

Table-3.4: List of plants in the study area


Aa m

Jam

Kathal

Bel

Ta l

Gab

Tetul

Koroi

Kadam

Superi

Neem

Shimul

Bans

Madar

Bot

Jarul

Raintree

Syzgium fructjcosa

Artocrpus hethrophyllus

Aegel mamelos

Borassus flabellifer

Diospyros perigrina

Temarinalia cumini

Albizia procera

Anthocephalus chinensis

Areca catechu

Azadirachta indica

Bombax ceiba

Bambusa sp.

Erithrina varigata

Ficus benghalensis

Lagerstromia speciosa

Samanea saman

3.7 Rare and Endangered Species

The red lists of plants and animals, all over the world are an inventory of threatened species whose numbers are declining due to various reasons. Globally the species are usually categorized under different levels of threat towards extinction, Vulnerable, Endangered and Critically Endangered and so on. However, some endangered fishes are listed below in Table- 3.5.

Environmental Baseline Study of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhiruani

Table-3.5: Endangered Species identified in the study area


Kalbaus Labeo kalbasu

Bata I Bhagna Labeo bata

Goina Labeo gonius

Chital

Foli

Khoksa I Tila

Kalabata

Dhela I Mawa

Notopterus chitala

Notopterus notopterus

Barillus vagra

Crossochelius latius

Osteobrama cotio

Bhol Raiamas bola

Botya I Rani Botia dario

Guizza Ayer Aorichthys seenghala

Pabda Ompok pabo

Modhu Pabda

Shilong

Bacha

Pangus

Ompok pabda

Silonia silondia

Eutropinhthys Vacha

Pangius pangius

Baghair Bagarius bagarius

Cheua Sisor rhabdophorus

Besides several aquatic reptiles like susuk, commercially important guisap, ood (Beaver) etc. are endangered species.

3.8 Recommendations

The following recommendations are suggested:

Fish friendly structures (free movements of fish facilities with bridges, culverts, sluice gates etc) should be constructed along with embankments, highways, feeder roads connected with rivers and other water bodies enabling fish migration thus increasing fish produci:ion.

The national surface water pollution control program should be strongly implemlented so that to enhance fish production and enable more catch of fisheries by the poor fishermen.

The toxic and poisonous effluent from the industry should be stored in a reservoir for a certain period time depends on treatment and recycling process.

Further development of the major river systems may have significant effect on water flows, with suggestions of steadily increased capture of upstream flows, and a declining ability to flush salts from seasonally inundated soils, move and disperse silts in lower river systems and replenish groundwater resources.

Competed laws should enforce to industrialists to maintain and restore water quality and aquatic ecosystem.


List of Fishermen who interviewed:

Name Age Village

1. Kalidas Barman 44 Godnail

2. Parimal Barman

3. Naresah Barman

4. Prodip Kumar Barman

5. Sridham Barman

6. Bipul Chandra

7. Kalidas Barman

8. Shama charan

9. Haradhan Das

10. Mantu Barman

11. Badal Barman

12. Sitesh Saha

13. Subash Saha

14. Debendranath

Godnail

Godnail

Godnail

Godnail

Godnail

Godnail

Godnail

Kanchpur

Kanchpur

Kanchpur

Kanchpur

Kanchpur

Kanchpur

Environmental Basekne Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhimanl

4.0 BASELINE SOCIO-ECONOIVIIC ENVIRONMENT

4.1 Introduction

The Socio-economic environment of the project catchment area has been analyzed in this section. The informationldata have been collected from secondary sources. Sources of secondary data are different official records and published reports of Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) like population Census Reports, Banglapedia published by the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh and also reports of other organizations.

4.2 Demography

The best source of the population and demographic profile is the population census (2001& 1991) reports of the BBS. The key features of the population and demographic profile of the study area has been presented in Table-4.1.

Tahle-4.la : Base year household and population by Upazilla, 1991 and 2001

Thana Total Area Population 1991 Population 2001

in Sq.Km. Total HH Both Sex Male Female Total HH Both Sex Male Female

Bandar 55.84 38985 212572 111539 101033 52500 250360 128840 121520

Narayanganj Sadar 100.74 1 13635 604561 337884 266677 188400 886600 485980 400620

Sonargaon 171.66 44405 261881 136472 125409 60800 305640 157660 147980

Rupganj 247.97 64902 375935 199240 176695 79640 400000 214560 185440

Demra 31.10 67506 342376 193172 149204 91780 421 540 2371 80 184360

Total 607.31 329433 1797325 978307 81901 8 4731 20 22641 40 1224220 1039920

Table-4.1 b : Projected household and population of the study area, 2006

Thana Study Area Population Projected as in 2006 Population of study area projected as in 2006

in Sq.Km.Total HH Both Sex Male Female Total HH Both Sex IMale Female

Bandar 21.43 60924 271703 139823 131879 23381 104273 5:3661 50612

Narayanganj Sadar 35.68 242586 1073672 588521 485150 8591 9 380272 208442 171 830

Sonargaon 11.80 71144 330190 170324 159866 4890 22697 11708 10989

Rupganj 4.59 88220 412604 221321 191283 1633 7637 ,4097 3541

Dernra 5.06 107016 467742 263176 204566 17412 76102 4:2819 33283

Total 78.56 569891 255591 1 1383165 1172746 133235 590982 320727 270255

Note: Study area calculated considering 5 km buffer from plant location using GIs

Source: 56.5 2001, 6 6 s 1991

Environmental Baseline Stbdv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Tbrbine Power Plant at Siddhirqanl

Household and population statistics in the study area within 5 km radius of the proposed plant location has been estimated and project for 2006 taking census of 1991 and 2001 as base year and has been applied for individual thana. Total annual population growth rate has been found 2.33 in the study area. Total household and population for 2006 is 133235 and 590982 with average household size 4.4, which is lower than the national average of 5.4. Overall sex ratio (Male 1 Female x 100) of the area is 118, which is higher than the national average sex ratio of 106 as per 2001 population census report of BBS.

Table-4.2 shows the population and household of the approximately 1 km impact area of the proposed plant location, which covers part of Siddhirganj and Sumil Para Union under Narayanganj Sadar Upazilla. Total households and population, which will have the direct and indirect influence of the proposed project, will be 40693 and 164036.

Table-4.2 : Population distribution of the project area, 1991

Union Area in Population 1991 Population projected as 2006

IMauzalLocality acres Total HH Both Sex Male Female Total HH Both Sex Male Female

**Siddirganj Union

*Ati *Azibpur

*Siddirgan,j (part) Power Station

Painadi

Baten Para

Kadamtali Naya Para

Siddirganj

Miimizi

**Sumil Para Union 658 9736 45184 30925 14259 20784 80245 43985 19875

*Siddiraani (part) 658 9736 45184 30925 14259 20784 80245 43985 19875

Total 2751 19062 92365 56713 35652 40693 164036 89914 40629

Source: BBS 1991

4.3 Religious Composition

Most of the population are Muslims; Hindus are the second largest community, but way below in terms of percentage. There are very few members of other religious beliefs. Information on religion of the thanas in the study area has been presented in Table-4.3.

Table-4.3: Religious composition of the study area

Thana Muslim Hindu Christian Buddhist Others

Bandar 95.49 4.47 0.04

Naravanaani Sadar 91.98 7.93 0.09

Sonargaon 95.24 4.19 0.57

Rupganj 87.30 8.79 3.64 0.08 0.19

Demra 97.38 1.94 0.68

Source: Banglapedia, 2003

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Tuhine Power Plant at Siddhimani

4.4 Education

The educational status of study area is summarized in Table-4.4.

Table-4.4: Educational status of study area

Thana Literacy rate (%)

Average Male Female Educational institutions

- college 3, government primary school 62, non-government primary school

Bandar 44.1 51.2 36.2 11, high school 14, madrasa 13. The important institutions are Bandar B M Union High School (1900), lbrahim Alam Chan High School (1947)

Narayanganj college 6, government high school 2, non-government high school 33,

Sadar 48.6 55.4 41.8 government primary school 104, non-government primary sc:hool30, madrasa 14. The important institution is Narayanganj High School college 4, secondary school 6, community school 26, satellite school 9,

Sonargaon government primary school 82, madrasa 10. Noted educational institutions: 27'5 42.0 I 3 ' O Mograpara HGGS Smriti Biddayatan (1934), Sonargaon GR Institution

(1900)~ college 4, government primary school 82, non-government primary school

Rupganj 25.2 44.9 30.8 29, high school 29, madrasa 29. Murapara Degree College, Kanchan- Bharat High School are the important

Demra 52.3 58.2 44.2 college 4, high school 16, madrasa 12 and primary school 50


Table-4.5 below clearly depicts the present situation with regard to tile education1 level of the area. Out of tile total population, population below 7 years' age is only 7.15 Literacy rate is almost 80% in the project area. As the area is urban and industrialised, enrolment and education rate is high from the point of view of the national figure. In the primary level, education rate is 17.93% while in the secondary level tile rate is 28.49%. In the SSC level, the rate is 9.95%

Table-4.5: Educational status of study area

Level of education Male ( O h ) Female (%) % of Total (N)

Below 7 years (No education yet) 59.42 40.58 7.15

Illiterate 45.99 54.01 14.20

Can Read 44.68 51.06 4.87

Can Read &Write 45.90 54.10 6.32

Primary (I-V) 49.13 50.87 17.93

Secondary (Class V1-X) 52.36 47.64 28.50

SSClEauivalent 62.50 37.50 9.95

HSCIEquivalent 82.69 17.31 5.39

Umer HSC 56.25 43.75 1.66

Graduate 82.14 17.86 2.90

Masters 55.56 44.44 0.93

N=965

Source: Atlanta-PDB, 2006

4.5 Main Occupation

Main occupations of the Study area are summarized in Table-4.6.

Environmental Baseline Stud of World Bank Financed ,2150 MW Gas ~urb ine Power Plant at SiddhiJan[

Table-4.6 : Occupations of the household members of the study area

Occupation (%) Bandar Narayanganj Sadar Sonargaon Rupganj Dem ra

Agriculture 4.0 2.4 17.9 25.2 1.1

Agricultural labourer 7.1 3.1 17.6 10.7 1.5 Wage labourer 4.0 2.9 2.7 3.3 2.2

Industry 4.9 2.8 2.0 2.9 2.3

Service 34.3 34.0 17.6 18.7 33.9

Commerce 19.7 25.2 20.6 15.1 24.3

Construction 1.9 2.5 3.0

Transport 4.5 6.6 2.2 3.3 14.9

House rental 1.9

Hawker 1 .I Weavinglhandloom 3.6 6.3

Fishing 3.0 1.2 Others 19.7 20.5 12.7 13.4 13.8 Source: Banglapedia, 2003

4.6 Health

Table-4.7 provides information on the health service facilities (i.e., government hospitals, fam~ly planning centers, family welfare centers, private clinics, satellite clinics) of the thanas in the study area.

Table-4.7: Health facilities in the study area

Thanas Health centers

Bandar Upazila health complex 1, satellite clinic and family planning centre 4

Narayanganj Government hospital 2, private clinic 12, union family planning centre 12, family planning kalyan Sadar centre 6, satellite clinic 1

Sonargaon Upazila health complex 1, family planning centre 11, satellite clinic 3

Rupganj Upazila health complex 1, family planning centre 3

Demra Health centre 1, maternity 1 and family planning centre 7.


Health awareness and regular visit to the doctor is a key to maintain good health. Table-4.8 below illustrates the access of the population to the health facilities in the project area. One may have multiple practices.

Table-4.8: Access to health facilities

Source % of Total (N-multiple)

Government Hospital 1.95

Union Clinic 30.95

Good Doctor

Private Clinic

NGO Clinic 15.96

Good Pharmacy Shop 13.03

N (Multiple) 307, N=185

Source: Atlanta-PDB, 2006

Environmental Baseline Studv of Wotfd Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhimani

4.7 Industrial Activities and Business

Table-4.9 shows the number of manufactories and cottage industries in the study area

Table4.9: Industrial activities of the study area

Thanas Manufactories Cottage industries

Bandar Baoa Jute Mill (the first Pakistani jute mill, Weaving 25, carpenter 25, bamboo and cane etd.1951), Sonakanda Dockyard, Ahmed Jutex works 7, blacksmith 12, potter 13 Mill, Bangladesh Textile Mill, Haripur Electricity Supply Centre, Haripur floating electricity generation centre, Star Particle Board Mill, Vegetable Oil Mill, Sonali News Print Mill, lntercon Fabrics, etc.

Narayanganj Hosiery 1500, garments 176, dying mill 135, flour Goldsmith 958, welding 73, wood work 250, Sadar mill 80, steel rolling mill 30, vegetable oil 10, tailoring 500, bidi factory 1, chira mill 10

aluminum factory 20, textile mill 29, jute mill 3, paper mill 2. Adamjee EPZ (previous Adamjee Jute Mill) is located in this upazila.

Sonargaon Cement factory 3, paper mill 2, oil mill 1, textile mill Weaving 948 (including jamdani), goldsmith 25, re-rolling steel mill 4 32, blacksmith 42, wood work 172 and bamboo

& cane work 154.

Rupganj Jute mill 12, cotton yarn mill 7, paper mill 2, weaving, specially Jamdani garments factory 1

Demra Large and medium size manufactories 551 Goldsmith 25, wood work 77 and tailoring 185


Name of the important growth centers like markets, bazaars, shopping centers and fairs are shown in Table-4.1 0 and Figure-4.1.

Table4.10: Growth centers of the study area

Thana Main markets, bazars, shopping centers and fairs

Bandar Total number of hats and bazars are 14, fairs 6; Sonakanda Hat, Langalbanda Hat, IMadanganj Bazar. Fairs; Kadam Rasul Dargah and Kalagachia are notable

Narayanganj Hats and bazars are 70, fair 10, most noted of which are Fatulla cattle market, Pagla and Raktabali Sadar Hat, Deovogh Lakshminarayan Akhra Mela and Fatulla Baishakhi Mela.

Sonargaon Hats and bazars are 26, fairs 4; notable hats and bazars are Ananda Bazar, Kaikartek Bazar; noted fairs are Luknath Brahmachari Mela, Pagla Mela at Hamchadi

Rupganj Hats and bazars are 28, fair 2, most noted of which are Kanchan Hat, Golakandhail Hat and Murapara Hat.

Demra Total number of hats and bazars are 13, most noted of which are Sarulia Hat and Ji~trabari Bazar.


The project area is semi urban industrial area and there are some industries found which cause major source of environmental pollution. An individual industrial survey has been conducted as a part of the baseline survey to extract information of the major industries around the proposed plant specially those discharge effluent to the Shitalakhaya River. Table-4.1 1 and Figure-4.2 shows the major industries in and around the project site.

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank F~nanced 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at S~ddh~manl

Table-4.11: List of industries with personnel, turnover and discharge

SI No Name TY pe Effluent LabourlStaff ProductionlHP Current Status Dischar

1 Naraynganj Silo Godown 388 50,000 M.Ton Running No discharge

2 Amber paper mills Writing and printing 168 20 tonlday Running River

3 RMOilMills Oil refinery 16 Close

4 Monwar Jute Mills Jute Industry Close (1991) - 5 Shohrab Oil Mill Oil refinery 10 Close

6 MIS Badhsa Limes Lime factory 40 16 tonlweek Running No discharae

7 Comilla Dyeing Dyeing 100 2500 pcslday Running River by canal

8 Rangdhanu Cinema Hall Film 25 Running No discharge

g Bangladesh Pad and plastic refinery Plastic Industry 6 300 kglday River by canal

10 National Laboratory Pharmaceutical 30 New

11 Papilon Knit Apparals Garments 250 6000 pscldav Running Sell in market

12 lqbal Group Garments Ltd Garments Running Sell in market

13 lqbal Re-Rolling Mills Re-Rolling Mills Close 14 lqbal Steel Mills Steel Close 15 RBM Bricks Brick field Running Air 16 MKB Bricks Brick field Running Air 17 Ahsan garments Garments 380 - Running Sell in market 18 Firoza textile Cotton 120 Running River by canal 19 Shahparan Bricks Brick field Running Air 20 HK Steel Mills Steel 40 5 tonlday Running Abundant land

Dyeing 8 tonlday 21 Rakhi textile & Dyeing Dyeing &fabrics 600 Fabrics 3 lakh Running Sell in market

meterlday

22 Kwuntong Apparels Garments 400 - Running Sell in market (Jacket)

23 Hy-Lan Sweater Garments (Sweater) 200 1000 pcslday Running Sell in market

24 DNV Clothing Ltd Oven garments 1100 8000 pcslday Running Sell in market 25 Akota Steel Mill Steel 150 15 tonlday Running Abundant land 26 Sonder Ali Lime Factory Lime factory 25 10 tonlweek Running No discharge

29 NEPC Power Station Power Station Running River

30 Huq Cold Storage Cold Storage 18 Running No discharge

31 Olvm~ic b a t t e ~ Battery Prod. 75 Running Land

32 Lafarge Cement Terminal Godown 15 Running No discharge

33 Nokon Chemical Chemical Close

34 Mamtaz Spinning Mill Spinning 60 600 bobbinlday Running Sell in market

35 Dhaka Konik paper Mills Refine paper 400 - Running River by canal

36 Katch~ur R. S~innina Mill S~innina New

37 Azmeri Oil Mill Oil refinery 22 650 tonlday Running River by canal

38 Bhai Bhai Lime Factory Lime factory Running Canal


1

Source: LGED

Figure-4.1: Location of hat bazaar and growth centers around the project site


0 Union HQ

National Highway

GodownlCold Storage - - - - - % Regional Highway

Siddhirganj Power Plan

Figure4.2: Location of major industries around the project site

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhrrqani

4.8 Others

4.8.1 Land use and land control

Table-4.12: Land use statistics of the study area

Thana Land use Land control Value of land (Tk per 0.01 hectare1

Bandar Total cultivable land 1774.99 hectares, fallow land 25% are landless, 3808.98 hectares; single crop 18.94%, double crop 38% small, 31% 61.44% and treble crop 19.62%. Cultivable land under medium and 6% rich irrigation 1887.49 hectares

Narayanganj Cultivable land 4548.77 hectares, low land 222.58 30% are small, 50% Sadar hectares marginal, 20% rich 25000

Sonargaon 27% are landless, Total agricultural land 14154.2 hectares, fallow land 60% small, 11% 999.6 hectares; single crop 14%, double crop 60% medium and 2% rich; 12000 and treble crop land 26%. Land under irrigation 38% cultivable land per

head is 0.1 5 hectare Rupganj 36% are landless,

26% marginal, 26% 10000 small and 12% rich

Demra Total land 4977.18 hectares; agricultural land 66.04%, 40% are landless, fallow land 14.08%, industry and commerce 0.66%, 30% small, 28% residential 13.49%, khas land 2.48% and vested intermediate and 2% property 3,25%; cultivable land 2869.93 hectares; rich; cultivable land 124000

single crop 54.07%, double crop 37.38% and treble per head 0.007 crop land 8.85% hectare


Agricultural land use of the study area is shown in Figure-4.3. HYV Boro is the principal crop in the area. Figure-4.4, Figure-4.5 and Figure-4.6 shows the soil characteristics of the iarea.

4.8.2 Main Crops, Extinct or Nearly Extinct Crops, Main Fruits

Table-4.13: Main crops, extinct or nearly extinct crops, main fruits of the study area

Thana Main crops Extinct or nearly extinct crops Main fruits

Bandar Potato, paddy, mustard seed, Sugarcane, jute, betel leaf, sweet Mango, banana, papaya wheat, karalla, chichinaa, potato, kaun - . barbati, onions, chill

Narayanganj Paddy, potato and patal Sugarcane, sugar potato, ti/, Mango, banana and Sadar kaun papaya Sonargaon Paddy, potato, brinjal, patal, Kaun, sesame, jute, mustard

cauliflower, sugarcane and mula seed, indigo (radish)

Rupganj Paddy, jute, wheat, sugarcane Kaun, barley, dhunda and china Mango, jackfruit, litchi, and mustard seed banana, papaya, black

berry and guava Demra Paddy, wheat, potato, Jute, sesame, linseed, varieties Mango, jackfruit, papaya,

cauliflower, cabbage and of pulse guava, boroi and banana vegetables



Source: BCA 2005

Figure-4.3: Agricultural land use of the study area


- National Highway Organic Content Regional Highway

Mainly medium &low with some very lo

Shitalakhaya River

Source: BCA 2005

Figure-4.4: Organic content in the soil of the study area


National Highway Nutrient Status

RegionalHighway =High

Mixed High & Low

Shitalakhaya River

Source: BCA 2005

Figure4.5: Nutrient status in the soil of the study area


Source: BCA 2005

Figure-4.6: Soil permeability of the study area


4.8.3 Transportation

Road Traffic volume information of the study area has been collected from Road Maintenance and Management System of Roads and Highways Department. Siddhirganj Power Plant Complex is accessed through a regional highway (R110). Figure-4.7 shows the roads and highways network of the study area and Table-4.21 shows the traffic flow in vehicle per day.

The Siddirganj Power Plant site is also located on the bank of the Shitalakhya river, which constitutes an important transport route for commercial activities in Dhaka city. Because of low water flow during dry season, movement of other vessels may be restricted while transporting heavy equipments for the proposed establishment. Riverine traffic data has been collected in the Shitalakhaya River and presented in Table-4.14.

Table-4.14: Water traffic volume in the Shitalakhhya River

Water vessel type Direction Traffic per hour

With Sand Towards North 48 Towards South 0

Without Sand Towards North 0 Towards South 78

Steamer Towards North 0 Towards South 6

Boat Towards North 4 Towards South 14

Total 144 Date: 9-Sep-2006

4.8.4 Dairies, Fisheries and Pooltries

Table-4.15: Dairies, fisheries and poultries of the study area

Thana Dairies, fisheries and poultries

Bandar Dairv 6. fisherv 4. ~oultrv 22

Narayanganj Sadar Dairy 320, fishery 969, poultry 170

Sonargaon Fishery 7, poultry 776, hatchery 2

Rupganj Dairy 125, poultry 197

Demra Poultry 189, fishery 108 and dairy 512


4.8.5 Main exports, NGO Activities and Media

Table-4.16: Main exports of the study area

Thanas Main exports

Bandar Industrial products and agricultural surpluses

Narayanganj Sadar Jute and jute products, garments products

Sonargaon Industrial products, sari, cotton fabrics, vegetables

Rupganj Jute and jute products, Sari, cotton fabrics, vegetables

Demra Fabrics, egg and flour


Environmental Baseline Studv of Wodd Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhimani

Table-4.17: NGO activities and newspapers of the study area

Thana NGO activities Newspapers

Bandar ASA. BRAC. Proshika. SIDA. Seba Parisad - thava. Khaborer Pata: weeklv: Dailies: Shitalal. , , ASA, BRAC, Proshika, ManObik Unnayan ~~i~ H ~ ~ ~ ~ . Extinct: weekly Sakal Ba;ta, Nara~angani Sadar centre, prodimon

Ganarlak -

Sonargaon BRAC, ASA, Proshika, VARC, POSD

Rupganj BRAC, CARITAS, Grameen Bank, ASA, Socio- - Economic Development Society

Demra BRAC, Proshika, Asa, Jubak, Kakali Sangsad - Source: Banglapedia, 2003

4.8.6 Religious and Cultural Sites

Table-4.18: Religious and cultural sites of the study area

Thana Religious institutions Cultural organizations

Bandar Mosque 212, temple 10, sacred place 2, tomb 5. Club 22, library 1, cinema hall 3, pliayground 17

Narayanganj Mosque 662, temple 19, church 2, tomb 12, Public library 14, club 12, theatre group 5, cinema Sadar monastery 1. Notable religious institutions are hall 14, play ground 30, literary society 3. Rifle

Fakirtola Jami Mosque, Amlapara Jami Mosque, club Narayanganj Sadhupal Church, Dhakeshwari Mandir, Nagbari Mandir and Dargah of Hazrat Shah Fatehullah Bogdadi

Sonargaon Mosque 450, temple 35, tomb 10 Museum 1 Sonargaon Folk Arts Museum, rural club 26, cinema hall 6, theatre group 5, women's organisation 1, playground 19

Rupganj Mosque 327, temple 11, tomb 5, prayer place 2. Club 20, cinema hall 6, women organasation 1 Bandar Shahi Mosque (1481), Baba Saleh Mosaue and tomb (1 504) are notable

Demra Mosque 165, temple 8. Club 12, public library 3, cinema hall 5, playground 4


4.8.7 Archaeological Heritage and Relics

Table-4.19: Archaeological heritage and relics of the study area

Thana Archaeological heritage and relics

Bandar Bandar Shahi Mosque (1481 AD), Baba Saleh Mosque and tomb (1504 AD), Nabigalnj Kadam Rasul Shrine (1 580), Dewanbagh Mosque, Sonakanda Fort and Mosque.

NarayanganJ Isa Khan's fort at Hajiganj and tomb of Bibi Mariam Sadar Jalaluddin Fath Shah (1489 AD), single dome mosque built by Alauddin Husain Shah (1522),

'Onargaon tomb of Sultan Ghiyasuddin Azam Shah (1410 AD), tomb of Shah Langar (1422).

Rupganj Residence of Murarpara Zamindar

Demra



4.8.8 Administrative History and Major Events

Table-4.20: Administrative history and major events of the study area -

Thana Administrative history and major events Bandar thana, now an upazila, was established in 1964. Bandar was a scene of battles

Bandar between the Mughal invaders and the defending Pathan rulers Musa Khan, Abdullah Khan and daud khan karrani and others. During the War of Liberation the Pak army in collaboration with their local agents killed more than one hundred city people. Established in 1986. Pakistan army raided the village of Raktabali of Fatulla area on 29

Narayanganj Sadar November 1971 and indiscriminately killed many people. They also killed many people inside ~ ~~

Jamuna Oil Depot located at Fatulla. Was turned into a upazila in 1983. Sonargaon was some times a capital of Bengal and some

Sonargaon times administrative head quarters of the eastern region of Bengal. World traveler Ibn Batuta of Morocco visited Sonargaon in 1346 AD.

Ru~aani Was turned into an u~azi la in 1983.

Demra Was established in 1973.


Environmental Basekne Sludv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Slddhiqani

Source: RMMS, Roads & Highways Department

Figure-4.7: Roads and highways network of the study area

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Environmental Baseline Study of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhirqani

5.0 PEOPLE'S PERCEPTION

5.1 Introduction

Public involvement is a fundamental principle of any environmental assessment study. The inclusion of the views of the affected and interested public helps to ensure the decision making process is equitable and fair and leads to more informed choice and better environmental outcomes.

During the baseline study local community were consulted about the proposed programme. Generally people were not concerned with the present activities of the existing power plant but would like to know about the proposed project activity. Consulted people generally welcomed the project 2x150 peaking power plant at Siddhirganj.

5.2 Approach and Methods

Within the framework of the present study, public consultation process has been init:iated with an explicit objective to ensure people's participation more specifically this was aimed at improving the study, taking into account opinions from the people of the study area.

Formal and informal meetings in terms of Focus Group Discussion with different groups and interviews with key informants of the area were held with the primary objective to understand the people's perceptions regarding relevant issues. Discussion mainly centred on problems of the area relevant to the proposed programme and suggested solutions.

The study takes into consideration the findings of questionnaire survey carried out in the earlier conducted EIA at other power plants (positive and negative impacts), the socio-economic and political situation, land acquisition procedures, and peoples' perception on the project.

Consultation was undertaken at early stages of the EIA study so that potentially affected groups/people could provide meaningful input to the EIA. The dialogue, both formal and informal, was continued throughout the period. All consultation and meetings were briefly documented including responses to the questionnaires.

5.2.1 Focus Group Discussion

Group discussions in a randomly selected given locality with interest groups and their representatives, representatives of Union Parishad, fishing communities, workers at power plants both male and female, mixed groups of farmers, businessmen, labours, shop keepers, rickshaw pullers, van drivers, unemployed youths, different women's groups, students etc were conducted.

Interviews were structured, though varied to meet the level of knowledge and expected interest of the individuals and groups. The format of the questionnaire is presented in Annex-C.


In order to facilitate the discussions, tools like information on the project, certain socio-economic survey information, and illustrative maps and diagrams were used.

A total of 10 group discussions were conducted. General level of participation was above 10 people and reached as high as 15. The summary of all the FGDs with photographs has been presented in Annex-A. Table-5.1 shows the list of FGDs and locations are shown in Figure-5.1.

TableQ.l : List of Focus Group Discussion

FGD No. Category Location Number of Date Participants

1 Businessmen Gukul Das Bazar, Lal Kha Bag, Damghar, Bandar 8.09.2006 14

2 Shopkeepers, Haji Abedali Super Market, Adamjeenagar, Siddhirganj, local traders Narayanganj Sadar 8.09.2006 8

3 Male workers Siddhirganj Power Plant, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj Sadar 16.09.2006 15

4 Female workers Siddhirganj Power Plant, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj Sadar 16.09.2006 11

5 Shopkeepers, Mijrniji East Para, Hossainia Jami Mosque Market, Siddhirganj, 17,09,2006 local traders Narayanganj Sadar 11

~ - -

6 Farmer Batan Para (Mijrniji), Moddhyo Para, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj 17,09,2006 Sadar 12

7 Mixed Bepari Para (Silo gate), Siddhirganj, Narayanganj Sadar 17.09.2006 10

8 Mixed Kadarntali Moddhoyo Para, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj Sadar 18.09.2006 1 1

9 Mixed Kadarntali Uttar Para, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj Sadar 18.09.2006 11

10 Mixed Painari Gram, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj Sadar 19.09.2006 10

5.2.2 Individual interviews with key informants

Information was collected from different key informants about the impacts of existirlg landfill site and possible effects of the proposed project. Within the study area 9 key informants were interviewed who expressed their views and opinions on different aspects with particular focus on their subject area. It was intended to do so by the consultation team. For example while talking to Fisheries People, fish related discussion was given priority, similarly during an interview with a doctor, health issues were focused. List of Key Informants interviewed is shown in Table-5.2 and their opinion on possible impacts of the proposed project is summaries inTable-5.2. Details of the Key lnformant Interview are presented in Annex-B.

Table-5.2 : Details of Key lnformant Interview

KII No. Name Profession Sex Date

1 Md. Tajul Islam Chairman, Dharnghar Union Parishad, Bandar M 8.09.2006

2 Md. Moniruzzarnan Head Master, PDB Secondary School, Siddhirganj Power House M 16.09.2006

3 Dr. Md. Muksudur Rahrnan Medical Officer, Siddhirganj Power Plant, Siddhirganj M 16.09.2006

4 Md. Mantazuddin Village Doctor, Mijrniji Para, Siddhirganj M 17.09.2006

5 Md. Jahangir Alarn Chairman, Haji Sonarnia Market, Adamjee Nagar, Siddhirganj M 18.09.2006

6 Ms. Rabeya Sirai Female Ward Commissioner, Ward-5, Siddhirganj F 19.09.2006

7 Ms. Rabeya Akhter ~hanarn~ssistant Professor, MW College, Adarnjee Nagar, Siddhirganj F 19.09.2006

8 Alhaj Abdul Matin Prdahan Municipality Administrator, Siddhirganj M 19.09.2006

9 Md. Salirn Sarkar Sub-Assistant Engineer, Siddhirganj Power Plant, Siddhirhganj M 20.09.2006

Environmental Baseline Studv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW Gas Turbine Powerplant at Siddhiraani

Impact Area (1 km radii) . District HQ

Siddhirganj Power Plant 0 Upazila HQ

0 Union HQ

z b

k k

0 0.1250.25 0.5 0.75 1 Kilometers

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Source (Base Map): Google Earth

Figure-5.1 : Location of Focus Group Discussion

- -1


Table-5.3 : Summary of Key lnformant Interview

Issues Key Informant Interview No

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Aware of the project Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes Yes

Aware of the project activities Yes No No No No No No Yes Yes

Impact on surrounding environment i + Impact on riverlkhal 0 0 0 0 0

Impact on fisheries 0 0 0 0

Impact on crops, soil 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Impact on vegetation 0 0 0 0 0 0

Impact on livestock 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Impact on income + + + + + + + 0

Impact on mobility 0 0 0

Impact on people 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Impact on Industry 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Will support the project Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

( - ) : Negative lmpact ( + ) : Positive lmpact ( 0 ) : No lmpact

Env~ronmental Baseline Sludv of World Bank Financed 2x150 MW G3s Turbine Power Plsnt at S~ddh~ruani

FGD-03; Male workers; Siddhirganj Power Plant, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj Sadar; 16.09.2006

FGD-04; Female workers; Siddhirganj Power Plant, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj Sadar; 16.09.2006

FGD-05; Shopkeepers, local traders; Mijmiji East Para, Hossainia Market, Siddhirganj, 17.09.2006


FGD-06; Farmer Group; Batan Para (Mijmiji), Moddhyo Para, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj Sadar; 17.09.2006

FGD-07; Mixed Group; Bepari Para (Silo gate), Siddhirganj, Narayanganj Sadar; 17.09.2006

FGD-08; Mixed Group; Kadarntali Moddhoyo Para, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj Sadar; 18.09.2006


FGD-09; Mixed Group; Kadamtali Uttar Para, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj Sadar; 18.09.2006

FGD-10; Mixed Group; Painari Gram, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj Sadar; 19.09.2006


lnterview with Municipality Administrator, Siddhirganj, 19.09.2006

lnterview with Head Master, PDB Secondary School, Siddhirganj Power House, 19.09.2006

Environmental Baseline Studv of Wodd Bank Financed 2x 150 MW Gas Turbine Power Plant at Siddhirsanl

REFERENCES/BIBLIOGRA PHY

Atlanta-BPDB (2006), 'Report on EIA and SIA for Haripur 360 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant Project, Haripur, Narayanganj', Atlanta Enter Prise Ltd., Uttara, Dhaka-1230

Bangladesh, Volume One and Two', Bangladesh Center for Advanced Studies

Banglapedia (2003), 'Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Volume 1 to lo)', Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

BAPA (2002), 'Bangladesh Environment 2002, Volume I and II', Bangladesh Poribesh Andolon, Dhaka, Bangladesh

BBS (1985), 'Small Area Atlas of Bangladesh: Mouzas and Mahallas of Dhaka District', Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

BBS (1 993), 'Bangladesh Population Census 1991, Community Series, Dhaka District', Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.

BBS (1994), 'Bangladesh Population Census 1991', Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

BBS (1997), 'Census of Slum and Floating Population', Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

BBS (1999), 'The Statistical Yearbook of Bangladesh', Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

BBS (2000),'Statistical Pocket Book, 20001, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

BBS (2001), 'Population Census 2001 Preliminary Report', Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

BBS (2003), 'Population Census 2001. National Report (Provisional)', Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

BCA (2005), Bangladesh Country Almanac, CD published in 2005.

BCECOM French Engineering Consultants (1992), Dhaka City Emergency Water Supply Project, Feasibility Study, Main Report, Dhaka WASA, Dhaka

BMD (2005), Data Sheet, Bangladesh Meteorological Department, Agargaon, Sher-E- Bangla Nagar, Dhaka

Brammer, H. (1996), 'The geography of the soils of Bangladesh', University Press Ltd. Dhaka, Bangladesh

BWDB (2004, 2005), Database, Bangladesh Water Development Board, Dhaka

DCC (2006), The Official Website of Dhaka City Corporation [http://www.dhakacity.org]

DOE (1997), 'EIA Guidelines for Industries', Department of Environment, Dhaka, Bangladesh.


DOE-IUCN (2000), 'The 1998 Flood: Impact on Environment of Dhaka City, An Assessment of Environmental Impacts of Flood 1998 on Dhaka City', Published by Department of Environment (DOE) with Cooperation from IUCN Bangladesh.

DWASSA (1 999), 'Consultancy Services for Improved Sanitation Services', Dhaka water Supply and Sewerage Authority

ECOMAC-EGCB (2004), 'Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of Siddhirganj 2x150 MW Peaking Power Plant', Volume 1, Main Report.

FEJB (2001), 'Bangladesh State of Environment Report 20001, Forum of Environmental Journalists of Bangladesh', Dhaka, Bangladesh

Google Earth (2007), Satellite Image of Google Earth.

Islam S et al (2003), 'Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Volume 1 to lo)', Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Islam, M.S. and Chowdhury, J.U. (1996), Estimation of Available River Water and Drought Risk for Dhaka City Water Supply, Report, IFCDR, BUET, Dhaka.

IUCN (1996), 'An Inventory on lnternational Conventions, Treaties and Protocols related to environment and the Bangladesh Context', IUCN- Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

JlCA (1987), 'Study on Storm Water Drainage System Improvement Project in Dhaka City', Japan lnternational Cooperation Agency

JlCA (1990), 'Updating Study on Storm Water Drainage System Project in Dhaka City', Japan lnternational Cooperation Agency

JlCA (1998), 'The Study on Sewerage System in North Dhaka in Govt. of Bangladesh', Japan lnternational Cooperation Agency

JICA-BETS (2004), Water Quality Analysis in the Landfill Sites of Dhaka City, Rainy and Dry Season, Final Report, Dhaka City Corporation.

Annex-A Summary of Focus Group Discussion

PROJECT: ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF WORLD BANK FINANCED 2x150 MW GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT AT SlDDHlRGANJ

FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION MEETING (MEETING SL NO. 1)

Location : Gukul Das Bazar, Vill: Lal Kha Bag, Union: Damghar, Thana: Bandar (Narayanganj)

Category : Businessmen

Date : 8-Sep-2006 Time : 10:26 am

SI. No. Name of the Participants Sex Age Present Occupation Previous Occupation

1 Mitazul Islam M 45 Business Sewice

2 Shahjalal Member M 43 Business Sewice

3 Md. Nuruzzaman Chowdhury M 40 Sewice Sewice

4 Dr. Md. Amir Hossain M 30 Sewice Sewice

5 Amir Hamza M 45 Business Sewice

6 Mujibor Rahman Member M 60 Agricultural Sewice

7 Kaji Md. Ali Hossain M 40 Business Student

8 Md. Jewel Hossain M 30 Business Student

9 Md. Motalib M 38 Business Student

10 Abdul Mannan M 38 Business Sewice

11 Md. Hosain (Sana) M 36 Business Sewice

12 Delwar Hossain M 46 Business Sewice

13 Md. Amzad Hossain M 40 Business Business

14 Md. Mohiuddin (Mohin) M 45 Business Sewice

Issues and concerns raised (project related):

River or canal water can be affected by the discharged water of the proposed plant.

Fish resources of the nearby Shitalakhaya River can be partially affected.

Used hot water of the proposed plant can be discharged into the drainlcanal far from the outlet point of the river.

Vegetation, agricultural activity, livestock, transportation, industries etc will not be affected by the proposed project.

Employment opportunity will be increased.

Industrial development in the country will be accelerated.

Issues and concerns raised (existing environment related):

River, canal and water bodies are in good condition

Noise pollution occurs as complained by the some attendees

Fishes on the Shitalakhaya River has become in extinction

Unemployment is one of the problem in the area as raised in the discussion

People suffers for interrupted and insufficient loading of electricity

Comments o f the Interviewer:

It can be stated from the discussion that people has no such complain about the project and the environmental condition of the area is not bad.

PROJECT: ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF WORLD BANK FINANCED 2x150 MW GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT AT SIDDHIRGANJ


Location : Haji Abedali Super Market, Adamjeenagar, Pauroshova: Siddhirganj, Thana: Narayanganj Sadar

Category : Shopkeepers, local traders

Date : 8-Sep-2006 Time : 04:40 pm


1 Md. Monir Hossain M 45 Business Business

2 Zulhash Uddin M 55 Retired Service

3 Favez Ahmed M 37 Business Business

4 Raniit Thakur M 35 Business Student

5 Jamal Hossain M 30 Service

6 Not willing to publish name M



Note: Three attendees were not willing to sign their name and demographic details.


River and canal water will not be affected by the project

Fish resources will be severely affected if hot water generated from the proposed plant is discharged into the river

Crops, vegetation and soil quality will not be affected

During the construction stage traffic movement along the road may be hampered if proper measure is not taken


River, canal and ponds are in good condition

At some indefinite or unstated time when the existing plant released steamlgas sound level becomes intolerable and because of this children specially infants in the area suffers most during night time

There is hardly any fish found the Shitalakhaya at present time

Income of the people is not good after Adamjee Jute Mill shut down

There no mentionable industry in the area as discussed

Overall health of the people of the area and health system is not good

Insufficient electricity and loadshading is the common problem of the area

There no waste management system. Existing wastes are dumped and discharged into the river

Only severe flooding creates problem in the area

Comments of the Interviewer:

In overall project has the beneficial effect to the country although it will create some negative impact like sound pollution. People in area are suffering from unemployment after the closure of Adamjee Jute Mill. Local business, trading and markets are also affected for this. They wish that the situation will be improved when Adamjee EPA will function fully.


FOCUS GROLIP DISCUSSION MEETING (MEETING SL NO. 3)

Location : Siddhirganj Power Plant, Pauroshova: Siddhirganj, Thana: Narayanganj Sadar Category : Male workers in the power plant Date : 16-Sep-2006 Time : 11:lO am

SI. No. Name of the Participants Sex Age Present Occupation Secondary Occupation - 1 Md. Feroze Miah M 54 Service Service 2 Md. lshaque Khan M 40 Service Service 3 Anwar Hossain M 38 Service (GM) Service 4 Md. Kabir Hossain Khan M 40 Service Service 5 Dewan Jasirn Uddin M 35 Service Service 6 Md. Nurul Islam M 33 Service Service 7 Md. Abdus Salarn Miah M 44 Service Service 8 Md. Nazrul Islam M 37 Service Service 9 Sddique Ahmed M 38 Service Service 10 Kazi Nazrul Islam M 36 Service Service 11 Abdul Halim M 40 Service Service 12 Md. Mahbubul Alam M 42 Service Service 13 S. M. Shafiqul Islam M 41 Service Service 14 Md. Ali Miah M 37 Service Service 15 Md. Rafiqul Huq M 52 Service Service

Note: Three attendees were not willing to sign their name and demographic details.

Issues and concerns raised (project related): Air pollution may occur if new project will be implemented without proper mitigation measure There will be no adverse impact on nearby river, canal and crops, vegetation and soil Local traffic movement may be hampered during construction phase Alternate service road is advised to be constructed and used for power plant Residential facility of the power plant employee should be increased and improved There should provision for gas, water supply and health service for the employee of the power plant More school should be build for the power plant residents Safety and security of the local people will be merely affected by the proposed project New project will definitely increase the employment opportunity Authority should take the responsibility of the safety aspects Industrial activity will be benefited as successful implementation of the proposed project add more power in the national power grid

Issues and concerns raised (existing environment related): River depth is very low Air temperature is higher than the normal inside the power plant Noise level reaches higher than the standard level is some specific location inside the power plant Health service is not up to the standard Water supply is not adequate and quality of the drinking water is not good Waste management system is systematic and dustbin is used inside the power plant 'There is no storm water drainage system inside the power plant Residential houses often submerge during excessive rainfall


People said that existing Russian power plant was not working smoothly at present time. The whole plant should be removed and replaced by German or Japanese machinery.



Location : Siddhirganj Power Plant, Pauroshova: Siddhirganj, Thana: Narayanganj Sadar

Category : Female workers in the power plant Date : 16-Sep-2006 Time : 01 :00 pm


1 Afroza Parvin F 36 Service Service 2 Khondokar Nilufar Sharmin F 29 Service Service 3 Nasrin Akhter F 31 Service Service 4 Nurunnahar F 42 Service Service 5 Asia begum F 50 Service Service 6 Tahmina Sultana F 37 Service Service 7 Amena Khatun F 45 Service Service 8 Aleva Beaum F 45 Service Service - - 9 Rabeya Khatun F 55 Service Service 10 Setara Begum F 50 Service Service 11 Rowshan Ara Begum F 48 Service Service

Issues and concerns raised (project related): Workers in the power plant will be affected by the excessive exposure of the intolerable noise They complained that there was scarcity of living accommodations for the workers of the power plant and this will be severe when new power plant will be in operation Safety and security inside the power plant complex should be taken care of In overall power crisis of the country will be manage for certain percentage New project will engage more manpower Workers will achieve some level of technical experience River and canal water will not be affected Riverine fish resource will be adversely affected due to the hot water discharge of the proposed power plant There will be no negative impact on the crops, soil, terrestrial flora and domestic anirnal due to the proposed project Job opportunity will be increased if the new power plant operates as a limited company Traffic and pedestrian movement inside the existing power plant complex will be hampered if vehicle used for construction is accessed through the complex During the construction stage noise pollution will occur in some extent Existing industrial rule should be followed during construction and operation stage

Issues and concerns raised (existing environment related): Sedimentation occurs and results reducing river depth Air temperature inside the plant complex is higher than the normal Harmful noise exposure inside the complex is higher than other places Fishes in the Shitalakhaya River is rarely available now a days Transport service in the area is not good as condition of the bus, truck, utility vehicles are very poor Quality of education is good but people feel the absence of university in Narayanganj district Solid waste management system is up to the standard inside the power plant complex Workers residents has been affected during excessive rainfall.

Comments of the Interviewer: Student capacity of the school is less than the number of children of the officers and labours of power plant. The location of the proposed project is very near to the residential complex and the school. Female workers opined that windows of the school and houses should be replaced by sound proof window if proposed power plant is installed in this location.

- i v -



Location : Mijmiji East Para, Hossainia Jami Mosque Market, Pauroshova: Siddhirganj,

Thana: Narayanganj Sadar

Category : Shopkeepers, local traders

Date : 17-Sep-2006 Time : 10:30 am


1 Md. Akhter Hossain M 49 Business Service

2 Md. Motiur Rahman M 28 Business Business

3 Golam Hossain M 48 Business Business

4 Siddique Miah M 66 Retd.

5 Akkas Ali M 60 Retd. Business

6 Salahuddin M 30 Business

7 Akkas Ali Pradhan M 40 Business Business

8 Md. Mantaz Uddin M 45 Business Business

9 Md. Motalib M 40 Day Labourer Business

10 Ebayedullah M 48 Business Business

11 Md. Abu Miah M 65 Agricultural

Issues and concerns raised (project related): River water will be polluted and this will have severe negative impact on the aquatic resources of the river Vegetation, large plants and livestock may be affected by air pollution caused by the proposed power plant if no mitigation measures taken Traffic movement will be hampered during constitution stage Capacity of accessible road and highway near the power plant should be increased Polluted water should be discharged in to the river Alternative measures should be taken care to mitigate possible noise hazard

Successful installation and operation of the proposed power plant will increase income level of the general people Surrounding area of the power plant will be developed due to the power plant

Issues and concerns raised (existing environment related): Water logging problems exists in drainage and canal Noise pollution occurs due to the re-rolling mills

Aquatic resources like fishes People feels the absence of good hospital in the area Health and higher education facilities is not adequate in the area

8 Lack of proper drainage system results overflow in the area

Comments of the Interviewer: People were helpful to answer all the questions and discussed about the baseline environmental and socio-economic status of the area.



Location : Batan Para (Mijmiji), Moddhyo Para, Pauroshova: Siddhirganj, Thana: Narayanganj Sadar Category : Farmer group

Date : 17-Sep-2006 Time : 12:OO pm


1 Md. Mobarak Ali M 50 Farmer Service

2 Md. Hashem M 57 Farmer Service

3 Md. Tazul Islam M 33 Farmer Business

4 Md. Suruz Miah M 55 Farmer Service

5 Md. Abdul Ali M 60 Farmer Service

6 Md. Anwar Hossain M 30 Farmer Farmer

7 Md. Abdul Hakim M 80 Farmer Service

8 Md. Abu Miah M 65 Farmer Farmer

9 Md. Abul Kashem M 38 Farmer Farmer

10 Md. Abdul Jalil M 55 Farmer Farmer

11 Md. Nawab Miah M 56 Farmer Business

12 Md. Abul Hossain M 46 Farmer Farmer


There will be no impact on the river, canal, fish resources, other flora and fauna of the area due to the proposed power plant Income, mobility, public health and industrial activity will not be affected by the project

There will be some adverse impact on the local traffic movement due to project's traffic The project has the beneficial impact globally as it will add power in national grid

Issues and concerns raised (existing environment related): At present river, canal and other water bodies are encroached and filler up by sand and waste for housing estate and developers Fishery resources are affected by wastes sources from adjacent poultry firm Irrigation system is not effective. Waste water from other canal is abstracted by the pump to the agricultural field and disfigures the quality of soil. Pump should be used to abstract water directly from DND canal. Agricultural production is not as much as previous because of insufficient water for irrigation after the closure of DND canal Soil quality reduces by discharged water from industries specially from dyeing industries. Farmers suffers from itchiness while working in the field Fertilizers are not available and distributed in time because of the interfere of middlemen (retailers etc.) and local politics The proposed power plant will definitely have no impact on agriculture and farming activity.

Comments of the Interviewer: Farmers of the area are well concern about the intervention of the proposed power plant. They discussed about the existing environmental and socio-economic condition of the area.



Location : Bepari Para (Silo gate), Pauroshova: Siddhirganj, Thana: Narayanganj Sadar

Category : Mixed Group

Date : 17-Sep-2006 Time : 02:30 pm


1 Md. Ali Ashraf M 50 Service Service

2 Abdul Awal M 54 Service Service

3 Serajuddin M 50 Service Service

4 Md. Nasiruddin M 42 Driver Driver

5 Delwar Hossain M 30 Unemployed Abroad

6 Abdul Wahab M 72 Retd. Business

7 Khorshed Alam M 35 Business Abroad

8 Md. Hossain M 42 Retd. Business

9 Md. Ali Azgarh M 43 Household Business

10 Md. Jamal Hossain M 45 Daily labour


Existing power plant (Russian) is very old and it should be replaced by advanced technology

Air and noise pollution will take place during the operation stage of the new power plant

Unemployment problem will be reduced in local stage

River water will be polluted if wastes are discharged into the river directly

Hot water discharged from the plant will have negative impact on riverine ecology

Air pollution sourced from the power plant will be harmful for large plant and vegetation

Existing 210 MW power plant generates intolerable noise when plant operators emits excess gaslsteam stored in the chamber. It generally happens during the night time once in two weeks and lasts for 30 to 45 minutes. Local people specially children are very disturbed by this unscheduled extreme noise.

Used water of the plant should be allowed to discharge in the river after cooling.


Present situation of river, canal and water bodies is poor

Ambient air is contaminated with dust and temperature is higher than the normal

There exists annoying and potentially harmful environmental noise

Major industries are not in operation which affects in the income of the people generally workers, labours and traders

There no government health service or hospital exists in the vicinity of the area

Groundwater level has been reduced due to the abstraction for irrigation

There is no waste management system in area


Local people desired to work in the new project.



Location : Kadamtali Moddhoyo Para, Pauroshova: Siddhirganj, Thana: Narayanganj Sadar


Date : 18-Sep-2006 Time : 11:OOam


1 Md. Abul Hashern M 80 Retd. Service

2 Md. Sharnsul Huq M 70 Retd. Service

3 Md. Abul Bashar M 60 Retd. Service

4 Md. Abu Taleb M 38 Business Business

5 Md. Erndadul Huq M 30 Business Business

6 Md. Shaheb Ali M 72 Retd. Farmer

7 Md. Shamsuuaman M 45 Business Business

8 Md. lsrnail M 35 Business Business

9 Abdul Khaleq M 65 Business Business

10 Md. Jewel Master M 35 Teacher

11 Ali Ahmed M 62 Retd. Service


Air and noise pollution will take place in different stage of the project activity

More industries will be established if power generates

There will be no adverse impact on river an canal, fish and ecology, business and income, industrial and agricultural activity due to the proposed project if proper mitigation measures has been taken


Canal water stagnant during the dry season creates nuisance to public health

Noise pollution becomes severe sometimes because of the hydraulic horn of the heavy vehicle and small industrial activity

General people abide by the absence of government hospital and public university in the area

Deep water aquifer is hard to access in the area

There is no adequate waste water and drainage system in the area


People were concern about the degradation of the environment.

- viii -


FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION IVlEETlNG (MEETING SL NO. 9)

Location : Kadamtali Uttar Para, Pauroshova: Siddhirganj, Thana: Narayanganj Sadar




1 Md. Jahangir Alam M 46 Business Business

2 Moin Master M 51 Business Service

3 Ali Hossain Miah M 75 Retd. Service

4 Akhteruzzaman M 42 Service Abroad

5 Shahbuddin M 43 Daily labour Labour

6 Md. Nuruzzaman M 27 Business Unemployed

7 Md. Jamshed M 24 Business Student

8 Md. Hasan Ali M 45 Business Student

9 Md. Kanchan M 55 Daily labour Student

10 Md. Jasimuddin M 22 Daily labour Student

11 Md. Jahangir M 2 1 Business Student


a There will be no adverse impact on river an canal, fish and ecology, business and income, industrial and agricultural activity due to the proposed project if proper mitigation measures has been taken

a Area will be developed, people will come for business and employment opportunity will be increased

a Alternate road should be built for the new traffic that will be generated from the project


a People raised their concerns about exiting sound pollution

a Income level of the people is comparatively lower than previous distinctively after the closure of Adamjee Jute Mill

There is no government hospital and public university in the area

There is no sufficient waste disposal and drainage system in the area

a DND canal overilows during excessive rainfall


People were generous and assisted with all kind of information they have



Location : Painari Gram, Pauroshova: Siddhirganj, Thana: Narayanganj Sadar




1 Md. harhad Hossain M 50 Business Business

2 Md. Rafique M 55 Business Business

3 Nur Moharnrnad M 55 Business Business

4 Md. Joynal Abedin M 50 Business Business

5 Md. Sohrab Miah M 40 Service Service

6 Md. Awal M 45 Business

7 Md. Nizarnuddin M 30 Business Service

8 Md. Harun M 35 Business

9 Md. Razzaq Sardar M 50 Business

10 Abdul Hakim Molla M 70 Retd. Dailv Labour


There will be no adverse impact on river an canal, fish and ecology, business and income, industrial and agricultural activity due to the proposed project if proper mitigation measures has been taken

People who live inside the power plant complex will be affected during the construction stage of the project

Much attention should be given to the school going children during the project implemen~tation period

There should be provision of employment for the local people


Water logged in the canallkhal in the area specially during the dry season

Discharge form the dying industries contaminated nearby fisheries, water bodies and canal

There is no drainage system in the area

Electricity is not available 8-10 hours daily

Local transport facility is not in good condition

Water supple facility is not sufficient

Heavy rainfall creates severe water logging due to insufficient drainage facility and also due to khal encroachment

Comments o f the Interviewer:

People requested to take action to reduce water logging problem in the area

An nex-B Summary of Key Informant Interview


KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEW (INTERVIEW SL NO. 1)

Informant's Details : Md. Tajul Islam Chairman, Dhamghar Union Parishad, Bandar, Narayanganj

Date : 8-Sep-2006 Time : 12:20 pm

Summary Q.No Questionlissues raised Informant's response 1 Aware of the new project Not aware 2 Knowledge about project Involved in the Haripur Power Plant project as a public representative

activity 3 Impact on surrounding Local environment will be affected by the project which is negligible in

environment broad aspects considering the benefits of the country 4 Negative impact on specific

environmental features a) Riverlkhal - No negative impact. Other plants are linked with the river b) Fish resource - Riverine fish extinct now a days c) Crops, soil - Will not be affected d) Vegetation - WIII not be affected e) Livestock - No adverse impact 4 Income - Will not be affected g) Mobility - Will have some negative impact during construction stage h) People - No impact i) Industry - No impact

5 Proposed mitigation Project activities should be followed by appropriate design using measures modern technology

6 Beneficial impact Considered significant project for the country Remove a certain level unemployment as overall development enhanced Power generation will be increased Local people may be employed in the project

7 Be helpful in the project People in the area are be ready to lend a hand in the project if require 8 Baseline Condition

a) RiverlCanallPond b) Air Quality c) Noise Pollution d) Fish Resources e) CroplSoil f) Vegetation g) Livestock h) IncomeIEmployment i) Transportation j) Industry k) Health Facility I) Educational Facility m) Drinking Water n) PowerlElectricity o) Waste Mgt System p) Drainage System al Natural Disaster

- Good enough - Satisfactory - Better than before - Worse than before - Good for agriculture - Acceptable - Much less than before - Satisfactory - Satisfactory - Many industries are now close compared to the past days - Moderately satisfactory - No degree college and university - Satisfactory - Interrupt daily by 6 to 7 times in household - There is no waste management system, managed by own - No drainage system exists - No sianificant hazard so far in historv

r) Law and Order - satisfactory 9 S~ecif ic Comments Chairman informed that ~ l en t v of lands, which are owned bv

government, are available 'on the eastern side of the ~h i ta lakah~a River. There is only one power plant in their area which is privately owned. If government wishes to propose any power plant project in their area they are pleased to support beyond their limit.



Informant's Details : Md. Moniruzzaman Head Master, PDB Secondary School, Power House, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj

Date : 16-Sep-2006 Time : 09:20 am

Summary Q.No Questionlissues raised Informant's response 1 Aware of the new project Yes 2 Knowledge about project No specific idea about the proposed project activity

activity 3 Impact on surrounding Pollution will have some impact on the surrounding environment

environment inside the plant 4 Negative impact on specific

environmental features a) Riverlkhal - River water will be contaminated b) Fish resource - Riverine fish resources will be adversely affected by the hot water c) Crops, soil - Will not be affected d) Vegetation - Will affected by the gaseous emission of the project e) Livestock - No adverse impact 9 Income - Will not be affected g) Mobility - Will have some negative impact during construction stage h) People - No significant impact i) Industry - No impact

5 Proposed mitigation Alternate road should be built. measures Used water should be allowed to cool in reserve tank before

discharge in to the river. 6 Beneficial impact lnfrastructural development will be enhanced

More people will be employed if industrial development grows Lessen the power demand in the country

7 Be helpful in the project People in the area are be ready to lend a hand in the project if require 8 Baseline Condition

a) RiverICanallPond - River depth is not adequate in some areas b) Air Quality - Satisfactory c) Noise Pollution - Noise pollution exists d) Fish Resources - Quite satisfactory e) CropISoil - Good for agriculture f) Vegetation - Acceptable g) Livestock - Not seen h) IncomeIEmployment - Quite satisfactory i) Transportation - Transportation system is not adequate j) Industry - Many industries have been established k) Health Facility - Health service system is not satisfactory except district headquarter I) Educational Facility - Is not satisfactory m) Drinking Water - Satisfactory n) PowerIElectricity - No problem inside the power plant complex o) Waste Mgt System - Dustbins are used by all and manage rightly p) Drainage System - No drainage system exists q) Natural Disaster - Excessive rainfall creates water logging r) Law and Order - Satisfactory

9 Specific Comments Generally education system of the area is satisfactory. Number and capacity of educational institutions like school, college, and university and teachers are not sufficient according to the demand.



Informant's Details : Dr. Md. Muksudur Rahman Medical Officer, Siddhirganj Power Plant, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj


Summary Q.No Questionlissues raised Informant's response 1 Aware of the new project Yes 2 Knowledge about project No specific idea about the proposed project activity

activity 3 Impact on surrounding Air and noise pollution will occur but in limited bounding area

environment 4 Negative impact on specific

environmental features a) Riverlkhal - River water depth is decreasing and the rate will be more b) Fish resource - Riverine fish resources will be adversely affected by the hot water c) Crops, soil - Will not be affected d) Vegetation - Will affected by the gaseous emission of the project e) Livestock - No adverse impact f) Income - Will not be affected rather will have positive impact g) Mobility - Construction activity will hinder peoples' movement inside the plant h) People - No impact i) Industry - No impact

5 Proposed mitigation Design and installation program should follow the exact plan measures

6 Beneficial impact Lessen the power crisis in the country Income and employment opportunity increase The country will be benefited by the project

7 1 8 Baseline Condition

a) RiverlCanallPond - Remains in good condition b) Air Quality - Satisfactory c) Noise Pollution - Noise pollution exists d) Fish Resources - Fishes in the river is not available now a days e) CroplSoil - Good for agriculture f) Vegetation - Acceptable g) Livestock - Not much available h) lncomelEmployment - Quite satisfactory i) Transportation - Transportation problems exits ion the area j) Industry - Many types of industries are developed in the area k) Health Facility - Workers and staffs get better health service inside the power plant I) Educational Facility - Is not satisfactory m) Drinking Water - Satisfactory n) PowerlElectricity - Crisis presents outside the power plant o) Waste Mgt System - Satisfactory p) Drainage System - No drainage system exists q) Natural Disaster - r) Law and Order - Quite satisfactory

9 Specific Comments Only one worker died in electricity short circuit in four years. Plant hospital has the provision for treatment for general disease only for workers and staffs. Major outdoor patients are referred to other hospital. Reported accidents on 3 workers fell from tower.

PROJECT: ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF WORLD BANK FINANCED 2x150 MW GAS 'TURBINE POWER PLANT AT SIDDHIRGANJ


Informant's Details : Md. Mantazuddin Village Doctor, Mijmiji Para, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj


Summary Q.No Questionlissues raised Informant's response 1 Aware of the new project Not aware 2 Knowledge about project No idea about the proposed project activity

activity 3 Impact on surrounding Noise pollution will occur


environmental features a) Riverlkhal b) Fish resource c) Crops, soil d) Vegetation e) Livestock 9 Income g) Mobility h) P e o ~ l e

- Will not be affected - Will not be affected - Will not be affected - Will not be affected - No adverse impact as the project is located inside the plant complex - Will not be affected rather have positive impact - Will not be affected - No im~ac t

i)' lndu'stry - No impact 5 Proposed mitigation Alternate roadway can be build to avoid possible traffic congestion

measures 6 Beneficial impact The country will be benefited by the project

Income and employment opportunity increase 7 Be helpful in the project Will help any activity related to the occupation 8 Baseline Condition

a) RiverICanallPond b) Air Quality c) Noise Pollution d) Fish Resources e) CroplSoil f) Vegetation g) Livestock h) lncomelEmployment i) Transportation j) Industry k) Health Facility I) Educational Facility m) Drinking Water n) PowerIElectricity o) Waste Mgt System p) Drainage System q) Natural Disaster

-Water logging problem exists - Satisfactory - Noise pollution occurs by surrounding re-rolling mills - Available - Quite reasonable - Satisfactory - Quite satisfactory - Not satisfactory - Quality of public transport is very poor - Medium industries are present - Health service is not good, primary treatment is offered by the govt. - Quite satisfactory - Satisfactory - No available 3 to 4 hours daily - No waste management system - No drainage system exists - Excessive rainfall flooded residential complex

r) Law and Order - Quite satisfactory 9 Specific Comments There is no satisfactory health service system or good hospital in the

area or even in the municipality. Maximum patients go to the district head quarters or Dhaka for better treatment. These types of projects have national value and should be encouraged by all level.


KEY INFORMAIVT INTERVIEW (INTERVIEW SL NO. 5)

Informant's Details : Md. Jahangir Alam Chairman, Haji Sonamia Market, Adamjee Nagar, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj

Date : 18-Sep-2006 Time : 01 :30 pm

Summary Q.No Questionlissues raised Informant's response 1 Aware of the new project Not aware 2 Knowledge about project No idea about the project activity of a power plant

activity 3 Impact on surrounding Noise and air pollution will occur


environmental features a) Riverlkhal - Will not be affected b) Fish resource - Will not be affected c) Crops, soil - Will not be affected d) Vegetation - Will not be affected e) Livestock - No impact f) Income - No impact g) Mobility - Will have some impact during the construction stage h) P e o ~ l e - No im~ac t i)' lndu'stry - NO imbact

5 Proposed mitigation Advanced technology should be used to alleviate noise and air -. measures pollution

6 Beneficial impact Lessen the power crisis in some extent 7 Be helpful in the project Prepare to provide any assist if involved in the project 8 Baseline Condition

a) RiverICanallPond - Satisfactory b) Air Quality - Satisfactory c) Noise Pollution - Noise pollution exists d) Fish Resources - Not much available e) CropISoil - Reasonable f) Vegetation - Satisfactory g) Livestock - Not practiced h) Income/Employment - Relatively satisfactory i) Transportation - Relatively satisfactory j) Industry - Many types of industries are seen k) Health Facility - Not satisfactory. Have to move in Dhaka for treatment. I) Educational Facility - Overall literacy is high, no university in the area m) Drinking Water - Satisfactory n) PowerIElectricity - Load shading is common in the area o) Waste Mgt System - No waste management system p) Drainage System - No drainage or wastewater discharge facility q) Natural Disaster - Too much rainfall create water logging r) Law and Order - Satisfactory

9 Specific Comments Power crisis should be managed as early as possible to enhance the industrial development of the country and to run parallel with developed countries.

PROJECT: ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF WORLD BANK FINANCED 2x150 lVlW GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT AT SlDDHlRGANJ

KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEW (IN-TERVIEW SL NO. 6)

Informant's Details : Ms. Rabeya Siraj Female Ward Commissioner, Ward-5 (Kolabag), Siddhirganj, Narayanganj

Date : 19-Sep-2006 Time : 10:30 am

Summary Q.No Questionlissues raised Informant's response 1 Aware of the new project Yes 2 Knowledge about project No idea about the project activity of a power plant

activity 3 Impact on surrounding No significant impact


environmental features a) Riverlkhal b) Fish resource c) Crops, soil d) Vegetation e) Livestock 9 Income g) Mobility h) People i) Industry

5 Proposed mitigation

- Will not be affected if high temperature water is not discharged - Will not be affected - Will not be affected - Will not be affected - No impact - Will have positive impact - WIII have some impact as the road width is not sufficient - Will not be affected - No impact

Power plant should be taken from renowned, good and measures international company

6 Beneficial impact There is no alternative of new power plant Develop local business and trading Reduce unemployment

7 Be helpful in the project Prepare to provide any kind of help as a female representative of the area

8 Baseline Condition a) River/Canal/Pond - Satisfactory b) Air Quality - Satisfactory c) Noise Pollution - Noise pollution occurs when stored gas released d) Fish Resources - Fairly available e) CropISoil - Satisfactory 9 Vegetation - Satisfactory g) Livestock - Satisfactory h) IncomeIEmployment - Much less after the closure of Adamjee Jute Mill i) Transportation - Relatively satisfactory j) Industry - Large and medium type of industries developed k) Health Facility - Require to go to Dhaka for better treatment I) Educational Facility - Schools, colleges are available except any university m) Drinking Water - Satisfactory n) PowerIElectricity - Not available 8 to10 hours a day o) Waste Mgt System - No waste management system p) Drainage System - No drainage or wastewater discharge facility q) Natural Disaster - r) Law and Order - Satisfactory

9 Specific Comments Suitable environment should be created to attract investors and donors to invest in power project.



Informant's Details : Ms. Rabeya Akhter Khanam Assistant Professor, M. W. College, Adamjee Nagar, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj

Date : 19-Sep-2006 Time : 1 1 :40 am

Summary Q.No Questionlissues raised Informant's response 1 1 2 Knowledge about project No idea about the project activity of a power plant

activity 3 Impact on surrounding Noise pollution will occur and have adverse impact on education


environmental features a) Riverlkhal - River water will be affected b) Fish resource - Riverine fish resources will be affected c) Crops, soil - Has no significant impact d) Vegetation - Air pollution will have affect on large plants e) Livestock - Has no significant impact f) Income - Will have some impact if proper scale is not maintained g) Mobility - Traffic congestion will occur h) People - Will be affected by sound pollution i) Industry - No significant impact

5 Proposed mitigation alternate road should be used to avoid traffic congestiion measures Adequate safety and security should be provided

Project activity should be fixed in an identified area 6 Beneficial impact Lessen unemployment problem

Country will be economically benefited Power crisis will reduce

7 Be helpful in the project Prepare to provide help if require 8 Baseline Condition

a) RiveriCanal/Pond b) Air Quality c) Noise Pollution d) Fish Resources e) Cropisoil f) Vegetation g) Livestock h) lncomelEmployment i) Transportation j) Industry k) Health Facility I) Educational Facility m) Drinking Water n) PoweriElectricity o) Waste Mgt System p) Drainage System a) Natural Disaster r) Law and Order

9 Specific Comments

- Canals has been encroached in some places creating !water logging - Air temperature is higher than normal - Noise pollution exists - Fairly available - Satisfactory - Satisfactory - Satisfactory - Not satisfactory - Relatively satisfactory - Many industries are available - Quite satisfactory but not good for specialized treatment - Good - Schools, colleges are available except any university - Not available 5 to 6 hours a day - No waste management system - No storm water drainage and wastewater discharge facility - Heavy rainfall create water logging - Quite satisfactorv Number of schools and colleges are fairly available in the area. But no university is yet planned to develop. The major college! of the area is M W college, which is govt owned. As a results politic;al disturbance hinders the normal education of the college



Informant's Details : Alhaj Abdul Matin Prdahan Municipality Administrator, Siddhirganj, Narayanganj (Director, Narayanganj Chamber of Commerce; Lifetime member, Bangla Academy; Ex-member, Bangladesh Film Censor Board)

Date : 19-Sep-2006 Time : 06:30 pm

Summary Q.No Questionlissues raised Informant's response 1 Aware of the new project Yes 2 Knowledge about project Has knowledge about existing power plant operation

activity 3 Impact on surrounding Has positive impact


environmental features a) Riverlkhal -Will have no impact if polluted water is not discharge b) Fish resource -Will be affected by contaminated water (if any) c) Crops, soil - Will not be affected d) Vegetation - Will not be affected e) Livestock - WIII not be affected f) Income - No impact g) Mobility - No impact h) People - No impact i) Industry - No impact

5 Proposed mitigation measures Used hot water should be allowed to cool in reserve tank before discharge in to the river

6 Beneficial impact Will help to meet the national power demand People will be engaged in the project work for longer period and thus reduce unemployment locally Contractors will have chance to get project jobtwork

7 Be helpful in the project As a public representative and also personally is willing to provide any kind of help if require

8 Baseline Condition a\ RiverlCanallPond - Satisfactow b j Air Quality - satisfact04 c) Noise Pollution - Not so much d) Fish Resources - Satisfactory e) CropISoil - Satisfactory f) Vegetation - Satisfactory g) Livestock - Satisfactory h) IncomeIEmployment - Satisfactory i\ Trans~ortation - Satisfactow jj lndusiry k) Health Facility I) Educational Facility m) Drinking Water n) PowerlElectricity o) Waste Mgt System p) Drainage System q) Natural Disaster r) Law and Order

- Many industries have been built - Quite satisfactory - Satisfactory - Satisfactory - Not available 4 to 5 hours a day - There is some arrangement in recently developed municipalty - there are some drainage system working - Heavy rainfall create water logging - Satisfactory

9 Specific Comments Advanced technology should be used to improve the existing power plant and produce more energy with low cost. Government of Japan should be encouraged to assist more in the sector.

- viii -



Informant's Details : Md. Salirn Sarkar Sub-Assistant Engineer, Siddhirganj Power Plant, Siddhirhganj, Na~rayanganj

Date : 20-Sep-2006 Time : 02:30 prn

Summary Q.No Questionlissues raised Informant's response 1 Aware of the new project Yes 2 Knowledge about project Yes

activity 3 Impact on surrounding Has some negative impact impact


environmental features a) Riverlkhal - have negative impact b) Fish resource - have significant negative impact on riverine ecology c) Crops, soil - will not be affected d) Vegetation - Will not be affected e) Livestock - WIII not be affected f) Income - WIII not be affected g) Mobility - No impact h) People - No impact i)' industry - No impact

5 Proposed mitigation measures Water treatment and neutralization ~ l a n t should be used to remove oil and chemicals in used water before discharging

6 Beneficial impact Job opportunity Industrial development Lessen the power crisis

7 Be helpful in the project Mentally be supportive 8 Baseline Condition

a) RiverICanallPond b) Air Quality c) Noise Pollution d) Fish Resources e) CropISoil f) Vegetation g) Livestock h) Income/Employment i) Transportation j) Industry k) Health Facility 1) Educational Facility m) Drinking Water n) PowerIElectricity o) Waste Mgt System p) Drainage System a) Natural Disaster

- Oil mixed used water discharged in to the river - Satisfactory - Noise pollution exists

r) Law and Order 9 Specific Comments Periodic and routine maintenance should follow

Leakage should be remove as soon as identified Should avoid miss use of oil Used water reaches as high as 545°C temperature It will be better if discharged water is used in irrigation. But no agricultural field has been seen in the area.

An nex-C Questionnaire Formats of FGD

Annex-C Environmental Assessment of World bank Financed 2 x 150 MW Gas Turbine Power

Plant at Siddhirganj Focus Group Discussion

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World Bank Document · 2016. 7. 11. · Final Report Volume 2: Environmental Baseline Report Bureau of Research, Testing and Consultation (BRTC) ... From discussions held with Petrobangla

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