Sustantivos Regulares e Irregulares 1. El plural regular Todos los sustantivos en inglès para pluralizarlos se les agrega una “s” añadida a la forma de singular de un sustantivo: house – houses dog – dogs. Los sustantivos que terminan en y después de una consonante y -- ies : part y – part ies baby – babies Importante: los sustantivos que acaban en vocal + y no sufren ningún cambio: day – days boy- boys Los sustantivos que acaban en – sh, -ch, -s, -x o -z añaden la terminación “-es”: church- churches; brush – brushes; box – box es; buzz-buzzes Los sustantivos que acaban en – o tienen una forma de plural regular, con la marca “s”: photo – photos, piano- pianos. Importante: algunos sustantivos acabados en - o añaden la terminación “ - es”: potato – potatoes; tomato – tomatoes; hero – heroes. 2. El plural irregular Algunos sustantivos acabados en –f (e) convierten la -f en una -v y añaden la marca “ - es”: hal f – hal ves; kni fe – kni ves; leaf – leaves; li fe – li ves; shel f – shel ves; thief – thieves; wi fe – wi ves; wol f – wol ves. Los sustantivos irregulares child – children foot – feet; goose – geese; man – men; mouse – mice; ox – oxen; person – people; tooth – teeth; woman – women, et ella tiene una fiesta she has a party ella tiene unas fiestas she has some parties yo tengo una hoja l have a leaf yo tengo unas hojas l have some leaves
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Sustantivos Regulares e Irregulares
1. El plural regular Todos los sustantivos en inglès para
pluralizarlos se les agrega una “s” añadida a la forma de singular de un sustantivo:
house – houses
dog – dogs.
Los sustantivos que terminan en
y después de una consonante y -- ies:
party – parties
baby – babies
Importante: los sustantivos que acaban en vocal + y no sufren ningún cambio:
day – days
boy- boys
Los sustantivos que acaban en –
sh, -ch, -s, -x o -z añaden la
terminación “-es”:
church- churches;
brush – brushes; box – boxes; buzz-buzzes
Los sustantivos que acaban en – o tienen una forma de plural regular, con la marca
“s”: photo – photos, piano- pianos. Importante: algunos sustantivos
acabados en -o añaden la terminación “-es”: potato – potatoes; tomato – tomatoes; hero – heroes.
2. El plural irregular Algunos sustantivos acabados en –f (e)
convierten la -f en una -v y añaden la marca “-es”:
half – halves;
knife – knives; leaf – leaves;
life – lives;
shelf – shelves;
thief – thieves; wife – wives;
wolf – wolves.
Los sustantivos irregulares
child – children
foot – feet;
goose – geese;
man – men;
mouse – mice;
ox – oxen;
person – people;
tooth – teeth;
woman – women, et
ella tiene una fiesta
she has a party
ella tiene unas fiestas
she has some parties
yo tengo una hoja
l have a leaf
yo tengo unas hojas
l have some leaves
USO DEL ADJETIVO
1. Los adjetivos en inglés son la cualidad del nombre 2. Van antes del sustantivo
3. y no varían ni en genero ni en número
English Spanish English Spanish English Spanish
cold frió difficult difícil pretty guapa
hot caliente easy fácil ugly feo
big grande rich rico good bueno
small pequeño poor pobre bad malo
long largo cheap barato dangerous peligroso
short corto expensive caro safe seguro
angry enfadado beautiful bello clean limpio
tidy ordenado boring aburrido dirty sucio
untidy desordenado kind amable narrow estrecho
exciting emocionante famous famoso wide ancho
slow lento old viejo quiet silencioso
fast rápido young joven noisy ruidoso
fat gordo silly tonto full lleno
thin delgado clever listo empty vacío
1. I have a big book --------------------- Tengo un libro grande
2. They have two blue cars . ----------------- ellos tienen dos carros azules 3. The small car is in the garage ------------ el carro pequeño esta en el garage 4. I have a nice laptop ----------------------- yo tengo un portatil bonito
5. She is a beautiful gilr ---------------------- ella es una chica Hermosa 6. They have an expensive house ------------ ellos tienen una casa costosa
7. We have some interesting toys------- nosotros tenemos unos juguetes interesantes 8. She has long hair ---------------------- elle tiene cabello largo 9. He is a young man--------------------- el es un hombre joven
10. You have nice eyes ------------------ tu tienes ojos bonitos
Verbo to be en presente
1-I am _____ yo soy
2-You are ____ tù eres 3-He is____ èl es
4-She is_____ Ella es
5-we are_____ nosotros somos 6-they are______ ellos son
Contracciones del verbo to be.
1- I´m __ yo soy 2- You ´re__ tú eres
3- He´s __ él es 4- She´s __ ella es
5- We ´re ___ nosotros somos 6- they ´re__ ellos son
1 I´m not __Yo no soy 2 you´re not, you aren´t _tù no eres
3 He´s not, __ He isn´t ___èl no es
4 she´s not, ___she isn´t ___ Ella no es 5 we´re not, we aren´t_ no somos
6 they´re not, _ they aren´t_ ellos son
1- I am not___yo no soy
2- You are not __tù no ere 3- He is not__èl no es
4- She is not___ella no es 5- we are not__ nosotros no somos
6- they are not_ ellos son
Verb to be in the present simple tense
1. This is you friend.---------------------Este es mi amigo 2. This is not your friend.---------- Este no es tu amigo
3. Is this your friend?-------------- Es Este tù amigo 4. They are tourists.---------------------Ellos son turistas
5. They are not tourists.----------- Ellos no son turistas 6. Are they tourists? ------------- --Son ellos turistas?
7. Paula and Delany are friends.--- Paula and Delany son amigos 8. Paula and Delany are not friends. -- Paula y Delany son amigas?
9. Are Paula and Delany friends? ---- Son Paula y Delany amigas?
1. Complete the sentences with am, is, or are .
1. I __________ a student.
2. My parents ___________ great people.
3. My sister ____________ very pretty.
4. Her cousins ___________ musicians.
5. His uncle ____________ at the movies.
6. My sister and I ___________ best friends.
7. Kara ___________ Kelly's sister-in-law.
8. My cat ___________ lazy.
9. Our aunt ____________ a French teacher.
10. You ___________ really tall!
Verb to be – ser Affirmative Negative Interrogative
I am -- yo soy I am not – yo no soy Am I? soy yo ?
You are - tu eres You are not – tu no eres Are you? Eres tu?
He is - él es He is not él no es Is he? Es él ? She is not She is Is she?
It is It is not Is it? We are We are not Are we?
You are You are not Are you? They are They are not Are they
Fill in the blanks with the right subject / personal pronouns
(I, you, he, she, it, we, and they)
1. Angelina Jolie is American. _______ isn't French.
2. Brad Pitt is American, too. ________ isn't German.
3. Brad and Angelina aren't French.______ are American.
4. My friend and I are high school students.________ aren't primary school students.
5. The Statue of Liberty is in New York._________ isn't in Washington.
Fill in the blanks with the right form of to be (am, are or is):
1. _______you the new student?
2. Yes, I _____
3. Yessica and Angie ________ students.
4. Camila _________ Australian .
5. My sister and I________ students.
6. The girls________ tired.
7. These women__________ beautiful.
8. The tea _________ delicious.
9. Nadia and Leila__________ friends.
10. The newspaper__________ cheap
Hacer la negación del verbo to be es muy simple , solo tenemos que añadir después del
verbo la partícula ”not”, como se muestra a continuación:
I am not -> Yo no soy/estoy You are not -> Tú no eres/estás
He is not -> Él no es/está She is not -> Ella no es/está
It is not -> Ello no es/está We are not -> Nosotros (-as) no somos/estamos You are not -> Vosotros(-as) no sois/estáis
They are not -> Ellos(-as) no son/están
Forma contraída del presente simple del verbo to be en negativo:
Podemos realizar dos contracciones:
1. El sujeto con el verbo, como vimos en la lección anterior 2. El verbo con la partícula de negación not.
Veamos en una tabla estas formas:
Forma no contraída Forma contraída
uniendo el verbo y not
Forma contraída
uniendo pronombre y
verbo
I am not ----- yo no soy you are not – tú no eres he is not – él no es
she is not – ella no es it is not --- eso no es
we are not – nosotros no somos you are not – ustedes no son they are not – ellos no son
you aren’t – tu no eres he isn’t --- él no es
she isn’t – ella no es it isn’t --- eso no es
we aren’t – nosotros no somos you aren’t --- ustedes no son they aren’t – ellos no son
I’m not – yo no soy
you’re not – tu no eres he’s not---- él no es
she’s not--- elle no es it’s not – eso no es we’re not – nosotros no
somos you’re not --- ustedes no son
they’re not --- ellos no son
Frases en presente simple negativo del verbo to be:
El siguiente vídeo contiene las frases de ejemplo del verbo to be en forma negativa, con su pronunciación en inglés americano y británico:
I’m not Peter
Yo no soy Pedro
I’m not in Sweden Yo no estoy en Suecia
You’re not ugly
Tú no eres feo
You’re not in Paris Tú no estás en París
He’s not in the street
Él no está en la calle
She’s not beautiful Ella no es hermosa
It isn’t wonderful
No es una maravilla
We aren’t happy Nosotros no somos felices
Verbo to have en Presente Simple
Conjugación Significado
I have yo tengo
you have tú tienes
he has él tiene
she has ella tiene
it has ello tiene
we have nosotros tenemos
you have vosotros tenéis
they have ellos tienen
Afirmativos Interrogative Negativo
I have – yo tengo Do I have? --- tengo yo? I don’t have —yo no tengo You have – tù tienes Do You have? – Tienes tù? You don’t have ---tù no tengo
He has—èl tiene Does He has ? tienes èl ? He does not have- èl no tiene
She has --- ella tiene Does She has ? - tienes ella ? She does not have_ Ella no tiene
It has --- eso tiene Does It has ?-- tiene eso? It does not have – eso no tiene
We have - nosotros tenemos Do We have?tenemos nosotros ? We do not have - no tenemos
You have--ustedes tienten Do You have?--ustedes tienten? You do not have—ustedes no tienen
They have ---ellos (as) tienen Do They have?- ellos (as) tienen? They do not have—ellos (as) no tienen
Escriba la forma correcta del verbo que esta al final de la oración
1. The boy __________ an ice-cream.(have) 2. The girl __________ a cake. To (have) 3. The men _________ a football match on Saturday afternoon.(to have) 4. The woman _______ a cup of tea. (To have) 5. The girl __________ a new dress for the party. (To have) 6. They ____________ a holiday in Augustto (have) 7. I__________________ a blue car. (to have)
8. You_______________ a big house. (to have)
9. We _______________ a marvelous garden. (to have) 10. She_______________ blond hair. (to have)
Special verbs in the Simple Present
Be as a full verb—SER
AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCE NEGATIVE SENTENCE QUESTION
I am from Britain. I am not from Britain. Am I from Britain?
He is from Britain. He is not from Britain. Is he from Britain?
We are from Britain. We are not from Britain. Are we from Britain?
Adjetives demostrativos
That – ese – esa- eso
This - es te – esta
Those – esos – esas
These – es tos estas
That is -- es te es
This is – es ta es
Those are – esas son
These are – es tas son
This flower is beautiful. Esta flor es hermosa. This car is dirty. Este automóvil está sucio.
That house is expensive. Aquella casa es costosa. That dog is bad. Aquel perro es malo.
These apples are cheap. Estas manzanas son baratas. These pencils are in the box. Estos lápices están en la caja.
Those stars are in the sky. Aquellas estrellas están en el cielo. Those boys are my friends. Aquellos niños son mis amigos.
1. ____is my wife.
2. ______are my kids. 3.
______radio doesn't work.
4. Is ________your notebook?
5. _____coat is very nice.
6. She doesn't have _____books.
7. Have you bought ______car?
8. _____pencils are yours.
9. _____are my books.
10. _______children go to school.
Simple Present
He 1. Si termina Y después de consonante se le cambia por –ies
She 2. si termina en o-x-z-ch-ss- sh- se le agrega es
He 3. si no cumple la regla 1 y 2 se le
agrega s termine en lo que termine
1. If the verb ends in y before a consonant
change to i and add -es:
study – studies
copy – copies
2. If the verb ends in -ss, -sh, -ch, -x or -o,
add -es to the base form:
kiss - kisses
finish - finishes
watch - watches
mix - mixes
go – goes
3. When the verbs doesn’t have the rules 1
and 2 only give one s play - pays
Speak – speaks
He does
She
It doesn’t
I
You do
We don’t
They
1. He speaks Spanish
2. He doesn't speak Spanish.
3. Does he speak English?
Affirmative Negative Interrogative
I play very good I don’t play very good Do I play very good?
you play very good You do not play very good Do you play very good? He plays very good He does not play very good Does He play very good?
She plays very good She doesn’t play very good Does She play very good? It plays very good It does not play very good Does It play very good?
We play very good We don’t play very good Do We play very good? You play very good You don’t play very good Do You play very good? They play very good They don’t play very good Do They play very good?
INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA FÉ Y ALEGRÍA JÓSE MARÍA VÉLAZ “FORMANDO HOMBRES NUEVOS PARA UNA SOCIEDAD NUEVA”
Workshop Recuperación 2015
Introducing Yourself
Hello! My name is Ana. I am twenty-five years old. I live in Miami, Florida with my
husband and two children. I have one son in kindergarten and one daughter in first
grade. They both attend public school. My husband is a mechanic. On weekends,
he works at a restaurant as a dishwasher. The restaurant usually gets more
customers on weekends, so they need extra people to wash dishes.