Workplace Violence OSHA’s Perspective
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Workplace ViolenceOSHA’s Perspective
• Nearly 2 million American workers report having been victims of workplace violence each year
– many events go unreported!
• Workplace violence has remained among the top fourcauses of death at work for the last 15 years
• Average of 590 workplace homicides a year from 2000 through 2009
• FBI estimates cost American workforce $36 Billion per year – (2011)
Why Workplace Violence Prevention Matters
Massachusetts Fatal Injuries at Work 2012
http://www.mass.gov/eohhs/docs/dph/occupational-health/alert/2012.pdf
Proposed Massachusetts Legislation
Bill Details 188th (2013 - 2014)
An Act requiring health care employers to develop and implement programs to prevent workplace
violence• Senate, No. 1187
• Senate, No. 2130 Amended
• May 2014 -Referred to Senate Ways & Means
• January 2015 - No further action taken
OSHA Enforcement
General Duty ClauseSection 5 (a)(1) of OSH Act
• Employers must provide a place of employment that is free of recognized hazards that are causing or likely to cause death or serious physical harm to
employees
PURPOSE
Compliance Directive applies:
• When workplace violence is identified as a hazard while conducting an inspection under a national, regional or local emphasis program
• When responding to incidents of workplace violence
• When conducting inspections at worksites in industries with a high incidence of workplace violence
HIGH RISK INDUSTRIES
• Healthcare• Incorporated into NEP for Nursing Homes
• Social Services• Late Night Retail Settings
DEFINITION
Workplace violence is defined as:
Violent acts (including physical assaults and threats of assaults) directed
toward persons at work or on duty
TYPES OF WORKPLACE VIOLENCE
Classifications of workplace violence describe the relationship between the perpetrator and the
target of workplace violence:
Type 1—Criminal IntentType 2—Customer/Client/Resident/Patient/StudentType 3—Co-workerType 4—Personal (aka domestic)
TYPES OF WORKPLACE VIOLENCE
Type 1—Criminal Intent
Violent acts by people who enter the workplace to commit a robbery or other crime—or current or former employees who enter the workplace with the intent to commit a crime
CRIMINAL INTENT
• The slaying of Richel Nova of Hyde Park was "chilling in its callousness and violence," Suffolk District Attorney Daniel F. Conley said in a statement. Boston Police Commissioner Edward F. Davis said the suspects were "vicious thugs" who had shown Nova no mercy. Pizza delivery man lured to vacant address for robbery
• Sept 2010
TYPES OF WORKPLACE VIOLENCE
Type 2—Customer/Client/Resident/PatientViolence directed at employees by customers, clients,
residents, patients, students or any others to whom the employer provides a service
BOSTON (AP) — A 30-year-old Boston man has been sentenced to life in prison without parole for the Jan 20, 2011 fatal
stabbing of Stephanie Moulton at the Revere group home where he lived.
A jury convicted Deshawn James Chappell of first-degree murder.
TYPES OF WORKPLACE VIOLENCE
Type 3—Co-workerViolence against co-workers, supervisors, or managers
by a current or former employee, supervisor, or manager
TYPES OF WORKPLACE VIOLENCE
Type 4—PersonalViolence in the workplace by someone who does not work there, but who is known to, or has a personal relationship with, an employee (including family members)
VIOLENCE PREVENTION PROGRAM
• Management Commitment and Employee Involvement
• Worksite Analysis• Hazard Prevention and Control• Safety and Health Training• Record-keeping and program evaluation• Monitoring and improvement
WORKSITE ANALYSIS
• Analyzing and tracking records• Screening/Perception surveys• Analyzing workplace security
HAZARD PREVENTION AND CONTROL
Engineering Controls
• Plans for new construction• Alarm systems• Metal detectors• Closed circuit video• Curved mirrors• Comfortable client waiting
rooms• Arrangement of furniture• Secure bathrooms• Effective lighting
Administrative Controls
• Policy of zero tolerance• Reporting requirements• Cooperation with local law
enforcement• Detailed documentation on
incidents• Training of staff• Sign in procedures• Restriction of visitors• Use of “buddy system”
HAZARD PREVENTION AND CONTROLENGINEERING CONTROLS
Panic ButtonsHeight Marker
on Exit DoorVideo Surveillance Equipment
HAZARD PREVENTION AND CONTROL ADMIN & WORK PRACTICE CONTROLS
Lock delivery doors or rear doors
SAFETY AND HEALTH TRAINING
• Involve all employees• Workplace violence prevention policy• Early recognition signs• Diffusion/de-escalation methods • Location and operation of safety devices• Procedures of reporting and record-keeping• Diversity training• Procedures for obtaining medical care
WRITTEN POLICY STATEMENT
• All employees are responsible• Employees are obligated to act appropriately • Cover acts of physical violence, and also harassment,
intimidation, and other disruptive behavior• Cover incidents involving coworkers and incidents involving
individuals from outside the company • Respond appropriately to all reported incidents• Act to stop inappropriate behavior
Zero-tolerance Policy!
WRITTEN POLICY STATEMENT
Be clear on behaviors that constitute workplace violence, including prohibited actions and consequencesExamples of prohibited behaviors: •Direct threats or physical intimidation•Implications or suggestions of violence•Stalking•Possession of weapons of any kind (some legal issues)•Assault of any form•Loud, disruptive, or angry behavior or language that is not part of the typical work environment•Encompasses electronic communications/social media
OSHA’S RESPONSE EFFORTS AND OUTREACH
Guidance and recommendations on workplace violence prevention for healthcare settings (Pub # 3148-01R 2004)
WHEN DOES OSHA INSPECT?
An inspection shall be considered where
there is a:ComplaintReferralFatalityCatastrophic eventProgrammed
Inspection
WHEN DOES OSHA INSPECT?
Considerations for Opening an Inspection: Inspections will be conducted in response to complaints, referrals,fatalities and where reasonable grounds exist
ADDITIONAL HELP
• WWW.OSHA.GOV• Local OSHA Office• NIOSH• Lots of information available on web
HTTP://WWW.CDC.GOV/NIOSH/TOPICS/VIOLENCE/TRAINING_NURSES.HTML
OSHA.GOV
OSHA.GOV
ADDITIONAL HELP
• WWW.OSHA.GOV• Local OSHA Office• NIOSH
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