Best Practices for Workplace Charging Workplace Charging Workshop Detroit, June 18, 2013 Jasna Tomic – CALSTART 1
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Best Practices for Workplace Charging
Workplace Charging WorkshopDetroit, June 18, 2013Jasna Tomic – CALSTART
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Growing Number of PEV Models
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Agenda» Why workplace charging» How Best Practices were developed» Elements of the Best Practices for Workplace Charging
» Gain Internal Support – Survey – What to Install - Charging Equipment Options and Costs - Establish Internal Procedures – Monitor and Evaluate
» Employer Policies Supportive of EVs» Taxes and Incentives» Examples of Workplace Charging
Monthly Sales
EV Sales Compared to HEV
Numbers of Workplace Chargers
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Source Navigant
CURRENT NUMBERS - ?DOE’s Alt Fuel Station Locator
7,500 EV stations total6,100 EV private
1 Workplace Charger for Every 3 PEVs
= Need 300,000 workplace EVSE by 2017
210,000
350,000
Fills a critical gap in PEV Infrastructure needs
Extends the range of PEVs and builds the market
Allows for more electric only miles for PHEV’s
Creates local ‘PEV showrooms’ for info sharing on vehicles
EV’s can act as ‘employee pool cars’ for day trips
Importance of Workplace Charging
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How Best Practices for Workplace Charging Were Developed
Workshop I (July 2012 –
Google)
Survey of companies
7 Interactive Monthly
Web Meetings
Interviews with
Pioneering and
Interested Companies
Review of Relevant
Reports and Literature
EEVI – Employer EV Initiative
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Elements of Best Practices for Workplace Charging
Gain Internal Support
Employee Survey & Site Electrical System Evaluation
Choose Appropriate System
Install System
Establish Internal Procedure
Monitor and Evaluate
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Gain Internal Support
Company Management
Interested Employees
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Employee Survey
• No. of vehicles leased or purchased
• Commuting distances• Interest to charge at work
Electrical System Evaluation
• Electrical Panel• Circuit Breakers• Wiring
Employee Survey & Site Electrical System Evaluation
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EVSE Options & Hardware Costs
• Level 1• Level 2• Fast Charging ?• How many
EVSEs?
Installation Cost
• Siting• Power
requirements• Permits
Operational Costs
• Electricity Cost• Facility/Demand
Charge• Network costs
Choose Appropriate System
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How Many Chargers?
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Costs» Hardware costs
» Level 1… just the cord to ~$1,000» Level 2: $500 - $5,000» DC Fast charging: $15,000
» Installation costs» Can vary greatly depending on site conditions» Few $100 to $5,000 per EVSE
» Operating costs» Commercial el rates in US $ 0.8 -0.15/kWh» Network costs – site host, monthly charge $30/EVSE, membership
for user» Demand charges – can be avoided if managed, cost $10-30/kW
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Install SystemDetermine
recharging site(s)
Closer to existing electric utility equipment is cheaper, adding new circuits and conduit can
increase capital costs significantly
Review traffic, pedestrian flow, parking requirements, and ADA
compliance issues
Consider such safety, proper and sufficient lighting, potential shelter from weather, general
personal/ property security, and signage
Determine additional retrofit needs, including landscaping
Estimate electrical load at site(s)
Determine whether to use Level 1 or 2 charging or other
Obtain charger requirements from vehicle and charger
suppliers
Determine the appropriate number of EVSE units
Consider expectations for future expansion now, taking
into account the facility’s electrical capacity
Contact EVSE suppliers
Confirm charging needs, types, and costs. A listing of suppliers www.pluginamerica.org/accessories
.
Buy equipment that takes advantage of the total time
employees are parked to minimize your equipment and
utility costs
Contact Utility Assess existing electricity supply - is it adequate?
If no, determine necessary electrical service upgrades
Review metering requirements and elective options
Consider using load management equipment.
Check with utility if they offer special daytime EV charging
rates
Contact pertinent permitting agencies
and obtain all pertinent building and use permits.
Identify special local fire, construction, environmental, or
building requirementsObtain all applications Determine additional
permitting costsDetermine site plan
requirements
Hire the prime contractor and verify
contractor subcontractor
credentials.
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Establish Internal Procedures
Level of Access
Public or Private Access
Combine with fleet use
Priority
EVs vs PHEVs
Employees and Guest
Fleet vehicles
System Optimizatio
n
Integrate DG
Consider total building load
Vehicle - Building – Grid
(V2G)
Payment options
$/h, $kWh
Flat monthly rate
Free
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Monitor & Evaluate
Understand Usage• Number of vehicles• Frequency & duration
of charging• Electricity use kWh
Evaluate Cost• Operating• Maintenance• Management
Future Plans• Expansion• Billing• System Optimization
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Employee Policies Supportive of PEVs
» Cash incentives up to $4,000 for purchasing or leasing a qualified PEV
» Company paid monthly lease – HOV access» Free charging at work
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Tax Questions
While no specific rules mention EV charging, these rules are being used as guidelines» Taxpayers can exclude from gross income any fringe
benefit that qualifies as a “de minimis” fringe benefit (section 132(a)(4) of the Code). EV charging not specifically identified
» Section 132 (f)(2)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code, “Commuter Tax Benefits,” allows for a fringe benefit exclusion for qualified parking. In 2013 this value was $245 per month.
Since PEV charging is not explicit, related examples of
de minimus limits are:
PEV Workplace Charging Employee BenefitIRS Tax Code: definition of “de minimus” benefits
Source: http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p15b.pdf
Consult your tax professionals for official guidance.
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Incentives» Local and regional incentives – employee commute reduction
programs (large cities)» 13 states have pending incentives for EVs
» HOV lanes» Tax exemption or credits
» December 31, 2013, can deduct cost of the equipment and installation, up to $30,000, under the Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit Act. www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/f8911.pdf
» Up to 3 LEED credits
Headers, Blue, Bold, Calibri 44
EXAMPLES
EV Employer Initiative
EV Chargers at Fox StudiosCurrently have 20 Level 2 chargers• 17 Blink and 3 Clipper Creek• 4 in each parking structure, 3 on lot, 1 in transportation• 40 - 50 users at present
Why Install EV Chargers?Employee interest• Hybrid & EV incentive program• EVs in fleet
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Dynamic Sealing Technology (MN)
» Employee demand for EV support
» 2 EVSE» No internal policy right
now
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Department of General Services (CA)• DGS funding for the purchase
and installation of 24 level II Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging stations. March 2012
• The EVSE stations have been used 44 times a month
• Users aare monthly and public parkers
• DGS plans on installing 9 additional EV charging stations at the Fleet Garage located 1416 10th Street in Sacramento to support the DGS electric vehicle fleet.
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Rutgers University Infrastructure» Level 2 Chargers:
» 3 existing (+4 coming soon)» Solar Parking Canopy
» 8 MWp 32 Acres!
» Planning Process» Usage Data» Experiences
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Evernote
» 44 PEVs» 10 EVSE» HOV subsidy
program
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Developing Tools and Resources for Workplace Charging
Website to share resources across regions and showcase case studies www.evworkplace.org
Understand Barriers to faster growth Identify process steps that are too costly and/or lengthy Identify successfully implemented programs – what makes
them special Workplace Charging – Best Practices Guideline with regular
updates
CA Plug-in Collaborative - WG on workplace charging Quick guide for workplace charging Case studies on workplace charging
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTWhitney Pitkanen, Mary Kathryn Campbell
Funded in Part by: Bay Area AQMD, South Coast AQMD, CA Plug-in Vehicle Collaborative