Working with Router Chapter 7. powered by DJ 1
Jan 21, 2016
Working with Router
Chapter 7.
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CHAPTER OBJECTIVESAt the end of this Chapter you will be able to:Identify Console Ports, AUX Port, Hardware Interfaces Perform Basic configuration of a routerUnderstand IOS ConceptsUnderstand router configuration filesUse the CLI to Setup a Basic Router ConfigurationManage CISCO IOSManage IOS configuration filesUse basic IOS commands and various modes of routerUnderstand booting process of a routerPerform basic network configuration and host name resolutionIdentify, prescribe, and select the appropriate media, cables, ports, and connectors to connect routers to other network devices and hostsConnect, configure, and verify operation status of a device interface
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Rear Panel of the Cisco Router
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Router Ports
Router ports help to configure the router, verify its configuration and access Cisco IOS
Router Ports
Console Port Auxiliary Port
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Console Cable
Router Ports
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Auxiliary Port on a Cisco RouterThe purpose of the auxiliary port is for connecting to an external modem. Once configured, this modem can be used as a backup demand-dial connection to another location, or as a way to dial in to the router for troubleshooting purposes
An Auxiliary Port powered by DJ 6
Router Components
Router components allow the router to enter the boot up process, load its operating system, and configuration files
Router Components
Processor ROM RAM Flash NVRAMConfiguration
Register
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Router Boot Sequence
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Router Modes
USER
Privileged
Password New Chapter
Password Enable
Config terminal
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1. User mode User can examine router status and operation. Configuration cannot be viewed or altered from user mode Prompt : router>
2.Privileged mode (“root”) Complete control over the router (anything can be set or reset) Configuration cannot be altered Prompt : router#
3.Configuration mode Used only for change of configuration. Not password protected from privileged mode. Privileged mode commands don’t have meaning in configuration mode.Most statements can be removed from the configuration with the prefix no (ex. no shutdown) Prompt : router(config)#
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Summary of Router Modes
Mode Name Description
Router> User Mode
Router# Privileged Mode
Router(config)# Global configuration mode
Router(config-if)# Interface mode
Router(config-subif)# Subinterface mode
Router(config-line)# Line mode
Router(config-router)# Router configuration mode
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Accessing Help and History
Command Description
? Help for all available commands in the mode
Command ? Describes all the first parameters of the command
com? Lists the commands that begin with com
command parm? Lists the characters that begin with parm
command parm<Tab> When the tab is pressed in between the word, the CLI completes the
word. If the CLI is idle, it indicates that the typed characters can form
more possible words
command parm1 ? Lists all the next parameters and their description12
Enhanced Editing Commands - I
The enhanced editing commands include:
Ctrl + A - Moves the cursor to the beginning of a
line
Ctrl+E - Moves the cursor to the end of the line
Esc+B - Move the cursor back by one word
Ctrl+B - Move the cursor back by one character
Ctrl+F - Move the cursor forward by one character
Esc+F - Move the cursor forward by one word
Ctrl+D - Deletes one character
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Enhanced Editing Commands - II
Backspace - Deletes one character
Ctrl+R - Recalls a line
Ctrl+U - Deletes a line
Ctrl+W - Deletes a word
Ctrl+Z - Returns to EXEC from the
configuration mode
Tab - Finishes typing a word
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Router History Commands
Command Description
Ctrl+P or Up
arrow
Displays the last command entered
Ctrl+N or Down
arrow
Displays the previously entered
commands
show history Displays the last 10 command
entered
show terminal Displays terminal configuration and
size of history buffer
terminal history
size
Allows to change the buffer sizepowered by DJ 15
Router Administrative Functions
Router administrative functions allow easy
troubleshooting and maintenance of routers
Router administrative function include:
Assigning hostname
Assigning banners
setting password
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Banners
Banner is a message displayed to all the users when
they access the router through Telnet, console and
auxiliary ports
It can be used to display information about the
router itself or nay kind of security message
Four types of banners available for the Cisco routers
are:
Message of the day banner
Exec process creation banner
Incoming terminal line banner
Login banner powered by DJ 17
Creating a Login Banner
“Login Banner” lets you set the message at the login prompt, you can personalize the message as required time to time.
Command Name Description
Router(config)#banner login # Authorized Personnel Only! Please enter your username and password. #
Router(config)#
# is known as a “delimiting character”. The delimiting character must surround the banner message and can be any character so long as it is not a character used within the body of the message.
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Creating a “Message-of-the-day” BannerMessage of the day (MOTD) is the most extensively used banner. It gives a message to every person dialing into or connecting to the router via Telnet or an auxiliary port, or even through a console port as seen here:
Command Name Description
Router(config)#banner motd # Building Power will be interrupted next Tuesday evening from 8-10 PM. #
Router(config)#
# is known as a “delimiting character”. The delimiting character must surround the banner message and can be any character so long as it is not a character used within the body of the message.
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Basic Router CommandsCommand Name Description
Router#? Lists all commands available in the current command mode
Router#c?
Clear block
Lists all the possible choices that start with the letter c
Router#cl
clear clock
Lists all the possible choices that start with letter cl
Router#clock
% Incomplete command
Tells you that more parameters need to be entered
Router#clock ?
Set
Shows all subcommands for this command (in this case, Set which sets the time and date)
Router#clock set 19:50:00 14 June 2008 ? Enterkey
Pressing the “Enter Key” confirms the time and date configured.
Router# No error message/Incomplete command message means the command was entered successfully.powered by DJ 20
Configuring Passwords
Command Name DescriptionRouter(config)#enable password cisco
Sets enable password
Router(config)#enable enable secret class
Sets enable secret password
Router(config)#line console 0 Enter console line modeRouter(config-line)#password console
Sets console line mode password to console
Router(config-line)#login Enable password checking at login
Router(config)#line vty 0 4 Enters vty mode for all five vty lines
Router(config-line)#password telnet
Sets vty password to telnet
Router(config-line)#login Enables password checking at login
Router(config)#line aux 0 Enters auxiliary line modeRouter(config-line)#password backdoor
Sets auxiliary password to backdoor
Route(config-line)#login Enables password checking at loginpowered by DJ 21
Password EncryptionCommand Name Description
Router(config)#service password-encryption
Applies a weak encryption to password
Router(config)#enable password CISCO
Sets password to CISCO
Router(config)#line console 0 Moves to console line mode
Router(config-line)#password Cisco Continue setting passwords as above………….
Router(config)#no service password-encryption
Turns off password encryption
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Connect, Configure, and Verify the Operational Status of a Device Interface
IntroductionInterface descriptions:•Serial Interface•Fast Ethernet InterfaceMoving between Interfaces:
Command Name Description
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/0
Moves to serial interface configuration mode
Router(config-if)#exit Returns to global configuration mode
Router(config)# interface fastethernet 0/0
Moves to Fast Enternet interface configuration mode
Router(config-if)# In Fast Ethernet 0/0 configuration mode nowpowered by DJ 23
Configuring a Serial Interface
Command Name Description
Router(config)#inteface s0/0/0/0 Moves to serial interface 0/0/0/
Router(config-if)#description Link to ISP
Optional descriptor of the link is locally significant
Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
Assigns address and subnet masks to interface
Router(config-if)#clock rate 56000
Assigns a clock rate for the interface
Router(config-if)#no shutdown Turns interface onpowered by DJ 24
Configuring a Fast EthernetCommand Name Description
Router(config)#inteface 0/0
Moves to Fast Ethernet 0/0 interface configuration mode
Router(config-if)#description ACCOUNTING LAN
Optional descriptor of the link is locally significant
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
Assigns address and subnet masks to interface
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Turns interface on
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Viewing, Saving, and Erasing Configurations
Saving Configurations
Command Name Description
Router#copy running-config startup-config
Saves the running configuration to a local NVRAM
Router#copy running-config tftp
Saves the running configuration remotely to a TFTP server
Erasing Configurations
Command Name Description
Router#erase startup-config Deletes the startup configuration file from NVRAM
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Show CommandsCommand Name DescriptionRouter#show ? Lists all show commands
available.Router#show version Displays information about the
current Cisco IOS SoftwareRotuer#show flash Displays information about flash
memoryRotuer#show history Lists all commands in the history
bufferRouter#show interface ? Displays statistics for all
interfaces.Router#show interface serial 0/0/0 Displays statistics for a specific
for a specific interface (in this case, serial 0/0/0/)
Router#show interface brief Displays a summary of al interface, including status and IP address assigned.
Router#show controllers serial 0/0/0
Displays statistics for interface hardware. Statistics display if the clock rate is set and if the cable is DCE, DTE, or not attached.
Router#show clock Displays time set on device.Router#show hosts Displays local host-to-IP address
cache. These are the names and addresses of hosts on the network to which you can connect.
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Conti..Router#show users Displays all users connected to
device.Router#show arp Displays the Address Resolution
Protocol(ARP) table.Router#show protocols Displays status of configured
Layer 3 protocols.Router#show startup-config Displays the configuration saved
in NVRAMRouter#show running-config Displays the configuration
currently running in RAM
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THANK YOU
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