Work and motivation Unit 2 Why is it important for a business to keep its workers motivated? Think about the following: Productivity Quality of work.

Work and motivation

Unit 2

Why is it important for a business to keep its workers motivated?Think about the following: Productivity Quality of work Loyalty to employer

Why is it important for a business to keep its workers motivated?

Motivated worker

More productive

Higher profit

Better service More customers

Loyal to company

Experienced workers

Lower training costs

HIG

HE

R P

RO

FIT

Maslow’s Pyramid of Needs

Reading: Theory X and theory YFind words or phrases that mean: Overseeing workers

Pay rise, bonus The opposite of threaten

Supervising, controlling workers, telling them what to do

Monetary incentive Reward

What do you think these mean? Explain!

Finish the sentences:The X and Y Theory is a theory about …

Theory X Workers are... To make sure that

workers do their job properly, a manager has to ...

There are 2 ways to motivate workers:...

Traditionally Theory X is applied to ...

Theory Y People ... To motivate

employees, a manager has to ...

Theory Y is more applicable to ...

Theory Y cannot simply replace Theory X, because ...

McGregor’s X and Y Theory & Maslow’s Pyramid of Needs Explain: “Theory X relates to the basic ‘lower

order ‘ needs ..., while Theory Y relates to ‘higher order’ needs ... that can be pursued if basic needs are satisfied.”

McGregor’s X and Y Theory & Maslow’s Pyramid of Needs

Lower order needs:

Theory X

Higher order needs: Theory Y

Group the following into Maslow’s 5 categories.

Job security safe working conditions team work how others see us at

work status symbols like cars,

offices and new job titles achieving your full

potential challenging job

a fair wage, a meal and rest facilities

order, direction social facilities like a

club or sports pitch allowing staff to gain

qualifications at work promotion breaks

Maslow’s pyramid of needs at the workplacePhysiological needs

A fair wage, a meal and rest facilities, breaks.Safety needs Job security, safe working conditions, order, directionSocial needs team work, social facilities like a club or sports pitchEsteem needs how others see us at work, status symbols like cars,

offices and new job titles. Allowing staff to gain qualifications at work, promotion

Self-actualisation Achieving your full potential, promotion, challenging job

Why did Maslow later criticise Theory Y? What do weak and vulnerable people need? How does Maslow’s pyramid help you

understand the criticism of Theory Y?

Company structures and theories of motivation.

Which company structures best suit Theory X? Theory Y?

What would you do to try to motivate subordinates who did not want to take responsibilities at work, and who had uninteresting, repetitive jobs?

List hygiene factors and motivators from the textWhere would you put these in Maslow’s pyramid?

Hygiene factors

Influence the context of work

Good labour relations Good working

conditions Good wage or salary Job security Job safety Benefits

MotivatorsHelp employees’

psychological growth A challenging,

interesting, creative job Responsibility Recognition Promotion

Maslow’s Pyramid of Needs & Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory

Hygene factors

Motivators

Show the differences between Maslow’s and Herzberg’s theoriesExplain:

“Hygiene factors do not motivate workers, they are merely dissatisfiers where they do not exist. A reward once given becomes a right.”

Choose the correct word: Hygiene Factors can motivate/demotivate when not

present. They are/are not creators of job satisfaction. Motivators will motivate/demotivate when present.

They are/are not creators of job satisfaction.

Tasks

Comprehension (p. 17) Vocabulary (p. 18) Case study (p. 19)

HW

RB, p. 40

Read the text and answer the question on the top of the page.