9/20/2018 1 Wood Pallets and Unit Load Design: An International Expansion National Wooden Pallet & Container Association Welcome Message page 02 Ingredients don’t bake themselves into a cake. Only the application of wisdom and ingenuity can deliver something of greater value than the components. Kristen DeLack, PE Structural Engineer
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9/20/2018
1
Wood Pallets and Unit Load Design: An International Expansion
National Wooden Pallet & Container Association
WelcomeMessage
page02
Ingredients don’t bake themselves into a cake. Only the application of wisdom and ingenuity can deliver something of greater value than the components.
Kristen DeLack, PEStructural Engineer
9/20/2018
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There are billions of pallets in service, supporting international trade.
• Introduction• Languages• Wood and Nails
• International Species• Connection Strength
• Storage & Handling
• Transportation• Unit Load Design
• System Level View• Optimization
• Question & Answers
Outline
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1. International Speciesa) What international species
classes are you interested in?b) Can you help donate material
for or sponsor testing?c) Can you provide regulatory
body or industry sponsored mechanical property data?
2. What design challenges do you have?
Questions for You
National Wooden Pallet & Container Association
InternationalExpansion
page06
9/20/2018
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National Wooden Pallet & Container Association
Multiple Languages may be needed
page07
National Wooden Pallet & Container Association
Wood & Nails
page08
International Species
Storage & Handling Connection Design
Transportation
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National Wooden Pallet & Container Association
InternationalSpecies
page09
A wide variety of hardwood and softwood species is used in pallet construction.
Mechanical properties vary between species and growing region.
Two ways to test properties:• Full size pallet components• Small clear samples
National Wooden Pallet & Container Association
InternationalSpecies Classes
page010
Central and South American Species Classes
European Species Classes
Prioria Copaifera Imported HardwoodsRadiata Pine Mengkulang
Oceanian Species Classes (Chile) KapurRadiata Pine Gmelina Arborea Keruing(Australia) (Costa Rica) Dense European HardwoodsMaritime Pine, Pinus Pinaster Pinus Caribaea Ash: European(Australia) (Venezuela) Beech: EuropeanRadiata Pine Pinus Elliottii Oak: European(New Zealand) (Brazil) Plane: European
Pinus Taeda Dense European Softwoods(Brazil) Douglas-firEucalyptus Grandis Larch: European, Japanese
SE Asian Species Classes (Uruguay) Pine: Maritime, Scots, JackAnisoptera Ponderosa Pine Medium Dense Woods(Malaysia) (Mexico) Poplar: Grey, Black ItalianAnisoptera Pinus Patula Elm: Dutch(Philippines) (Mexico) RedwoodShorea Ocote Pine Fir: Silver(Philippines) (Mexico) Larch: HybridDryobalanops Pine: Lodgepole, Corsican
Fir: SilverAfrican Species Classes WhitewoodPinus Patula Elm: English
East Asian Species Classes (Madagascar) Spruce: Sitka (Canada)Sugi, Japanese Cedar, Crtomeria japonica (Japan)
Melina Wood, Gmelina Arborea (Nigeria)
Whitewood
Japanese Larch, Lariz Kaempferi (Lmab/) Carriere (Japan) Pinus Patula Common European Softwoods