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PCf WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATIONInternational BureauINTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)

PublishedWi th i nt er na ti on a l s ea r ch r ep o rt .

(51) International Patent Oassification 5 : (11) International Publication Number: WO 94/03905AlG21G 1/00 (43) International Publication Date: 17 February 1994(17.02.94)

(21) International Application Number: PCT/US93/01376 (81) Designated States: AU, BB, BG, BR, CA, CZ, FI, HU, JP,KP, KR, LK, MG, MN, MW, NO, NZ, PL, RO, RU,SD, SK, UA, European patent (AT, BE, CH, DE, DK,ES, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT , SE), OAPIpatent (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, ML, MR,SN, TD, TG).

(22) International Filing Date: 19 February 1993 (19.02.93)

(30) Priority data:923,690 4 August 1992 (04.08.92) US

(71) Applicant: TELANDER, William, L. [US/US]; 6540Washington Street, Yountville, CA 94599 (US).(72) Inventor: CHAMPION, Joe, E., Jr. ; 1869 Carignan Way,Yountville, CA 94599 (US).(74) Agents: HOLMAN, John, Clarke et al.; Jacobson, Price,Holman & Stern, The Jenifer Building, 400 SeventhStreet, N.W., Washington, DC 20004 (US).

(54) TitIe: METHOD FOR TRANSMUTATION OF SELECT ISOTOPES OF INDIVIDUAL ELEMENTS FROM COMPO-SITIONS CONTAINING SUCH

(Tl ) Hg201 . . . pt197 + e x . . . 7gAu197 + f 30 78(T2) Hg199 . . . pt195 + e x0 78(Ts) AglO9 . . . Rh105 + e x . . . Pd105 + f 3 (T )7 45 46(T4) AglO7 . . . Rh108 + e x7 45(Ts) Co6O -+ Mn56 + e x -+ FeS6 + f 37 25 26

. .

(57) AbstractA method permitting the converting of a select isotope of certain predetermined elements to elements of lower mass andatomic number. More particularly, the method produces select isotopes of new elements such as transmutations (T) . The isotope

to be transmuted has a magnetic moment, it is provided along with a heat generator and a resonance generator to form a mixture.The mixture is heated and subjected to a resonant frequency unique to the nucleus of the isotope for a time sufficient for the iso-tope to undergo an alpha fission to a new element of lower mass and atomic number.

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FOR THE PURPOSES OF INFORMATION ONLYCodes used to identify States party to the Pcf on the front pages of pamphlets publishing internationalapplications under the PCT.

AT Austria FR France MR MauritaniaAU Australia GA G abon MW MalawiBB Barbados GB United Kingdom NE NigerBE Belgium GN Guinea NL NetherlandsBF Burkina Faso GR G reece NO NorwayBG Bulgaria HU Hungary NZ New ZealandBJ Benin IE Ireland PL P olandBR Brazil IT Italy PT PortugalBY Belarus JP Japan RO RomaniaCA Canada KP Democratic P eople's Republic RU Russian FederationCF Central African Republic o f K or ea SD SudanCG Congo KR Republic of Korea SE SwedenCD Switzerland KZ Kazakhstan SI SloveniaCI CO te d'ivoire LI liecb tenstein SK Slovak RepublicCM Cameroon LK Sri Lanka SN SenegaleN China LU Luxembourg T D ChadCS Czechoslovakia LV Latvia T G TogoCZ Czech Repu bl ic M e Monaco UA UkraineDE Germany. MG Madagascar US Uni te d S ta te s o f Amer ic aDK Denmark ML Mali UZ UzbekistanES Spain MN Mongolia VN V ie t N amFI Finland

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WO 94/03905 PCTIUS93/01376

METHOD FOR TRANSMUTATION OF SELECT ISOTOPES OFINDIVIDUA L ELEMENTS FROM COMPOSITIONS CONTA INING SUCH

The method allows one to convert a select isotope of certainpredetermined elements to elements of lower mass and atomic number.

5 It more particularly refersselect isotopes of newtransmutations (T):

to a novel technique for production ofelements such as the following

10(T1) aoHg201 .. Pt 197 + e x . . 7~U197 + f J78(T2) aJlgl99 .. pt195 + e x78(T3) 4~g109 . . Rhui5 + e x .. 46Pd105 + f J45(T4) 4~g107 . . Rh103 + e x45(Ts) 60 .. 2sM n5 6 + e x . . 2 s Fe 5 6 + f J7CO

15

20 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is well knownthat throughout the Universe, transmutation occursthrough various forms of nuclear reactions. These reactions can be

25 generated from natural interstellar radiation sources, normal decayof unstable isotopes, or synthetic production of new isotopes byirradiation of stable and unstable isotopes using high energyaccelerators. It is also understood in science that there are noabsolutes in the way a nuclear reaction can occur, for a

30 probability factor always exists. It is also well knownthat, eventhough tileoretical postulations have been established, until nowthere has been no experimental proof of how the elements were

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W094/03905 PCf/US93/01376formed throughout the universe. It is certainly known that ingeological deposits noble metals are associated with selectminerals, the prj =ary one being quartz.

10 In the past, many attempts have been made to transmute one elementto another, such as mercury to gold. Despite such research efforttoward this end, ecconomical ly attractive processes have not, todate, been found which have made their way into the commercialworld. Thus, the potential to take a radioactive isotope and

15 render it non-radioactive; take a non-radioactive isotope andconvert it to a radioactive isotope; or convert a stable isotope toa stable isotope of another element, has not been viable until now.

20 Of course, it is wel l known that particle accelerators can causeselect isotopes of certain elements to undergo a fission by thebombardment of neutral particles. This fission rate is acorrel ation of the thermal neutron cross section, in rel ationshipwith the speed and quantity of particles.

25It is the object of this method to cause a transmutation of astarting isotope of the selected element to transform into aelement of less mass. An essential criteria of this method is thatthe starting isotope has a magnetic moment. If the starting

30 isotope does not have a magnetic moment it wil l not be susceptibleto this method.

It is another object of this method to provide a means oftransformation (transmutation) without the requirement of anyradioactive stimul ation to start the method.

35other and additional objects of this method wil l become apparentfrom the fol lowing discl osure the cl aims appended hereto.

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SUMMA RY OF THE INVENTION

This method is based upon the discovered ability to selectively 5 manipulate predetermined isotopes in a process that causes the

starting isotope to undergo a transmutation to an isotope of alesser mass and atomic number. A requirement for thistransmutation to occur is the starting isotope must have a magneticmoment, thus having nucl ear magnetic resonance qualities. Another

10 requirement is that the reaction requires a heat generator whichcan be obtained from an endothermic or exothermic reaction. It isalso required to have a resonance generator. In the preferredembodiment of the method the resonance generator is Si02, howeverother resonance generators can be substituted. In accordance with

15 and fulfilling the above setforth requirements, this method takesadvantage of the recent discovery that isotopes of elements havingcharacteristic resonant components (magnetic moments), in aspecified state, and has imposed upon them the heat generator andresonant generator, a transmutation wil l occur. This transmutation

20 is preferably an alpha particle fission, but is not limited to thisreaction, and even with the alpha particle fission there can alsooccur secondary and tertiary radioactive decays. For example:

aoHq201 ... 1aPt 197 + a ...19AU197 + P (Tl)In this transmutation, the mercury201 isotope' s first transmutation

25 is an alpha decay that ends with a ptati.nun!"isotope. PI atinum'97is a natural radioactive isotope which undergoes decay through abeta emission to gold197 It is well known and accepted that goldhas only one stable isotope in nature which is Au'97.

30 It has been discovered, and it is an important attribute of thismethod, that elements that have become radioactive by irradiationcan be converted to isotopes of new elements that are no longerradioactive. To illustrate this point:

27C060 ...5Mn56 + a ...sFe56 + J 3 (T5)Cobalt60 is a radioactive isotope synthetically produced from C05935

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W094/03905 PCf /US93/01376by irradiating C059 with neutrons. Cobalt60 has many industrial andbiomedical uses, but it has a half life of 5.275 years. Cobalt60meets the requirements of this method for it has an establishedmagnetic moment. As shown in the example above, if cobalt60 was

5 processed to undergo an alpha decay it would be converted tomanganese 56 , which is also. a radioactive isotope, but the half lifeof manganese56 is only 65 seconds. Manganese~ undergoes a naturaldecay by beta emission to iron~' This particular isotope of ironis non-radioactive and is found in nature at an abundance of 0.28%.

10 Many exampl es of conversion from radioactive isotopes exist and areapplicable to this method.

DETA ILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION15

The method can be substantially started at any ambient temperatureand pressure. The method has been carried out at pressures ofatm osphe ric, sub atmo spher ic, and super atmo sphe ric and t empe ratu resstarting from ambient to temperatures as high as 1500oC. Thus, the

20 operating parameters of the method are a matter of choice on thepart of the engineering process designer. It does appear, however,that there is an important relationship between the al lotropiccrystall ine configurations of the molecular chemical compounds ofthe heat and resonance generators. It is also thought, that there

25 is an important relationship between the magnetic properties of thesusceptibl e transmutation isotopes. That is to say, the isotopes ofthe elements that have magnetic moments have properties that areunique to themselves. Because of this fact, the final chemicalmatrix wil l vary dependent upon the inter-rel ationship of resonance

30 qualities of the elements (isotopes) within the total matrix.Also, there is an important relationship between the aggregatephysical size of the chemical crystals and the metallic particlesthat make up the entire chemical matrjx. Thus, it can be saidthat for a given temperature there must be proper crystalline

35 configuration of the chemical molecules, and proper aggregate size4

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WO 94/03905 PCf/US93/01376of the starting chemical s and elements, for transmutation to beachieved.

A s stated above, there is a characteristic resonance unique to the5 starting isotope to be transmuted. A ccording to this method, it is

preferred that the strongest resonant generation be establ ished bythe introduction of Si02, genericall y known as quartz. Thisresonance is absorbed by the targeted isotope to be transmuted andthe other isotopes within the chemical matrix that have like

10 qual ities. For exampl e refer to the Table I where a correl ationbetween certain of the isotopes can be seen.

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25

TA BLE 1Resonance data for chemical fusion el ements

ISOTOPE

NATURAL MAGNETICA EL I NMR FREQ ABUNDANCE MOMENT T N C S

.-1 H 1 42.57590 99.99% 2.79268 0.333 Li 6 6.26530 7.42% 0.82192 0.003 Li 7 16.54600 92.58% 3.25600 0.057 N 14 3.07560 99.63% 0.40347 0.007 N 15 4.31420 0.37% (0.28298) 0.00

14 si 29 8.45780 4.70% (0.55477) 0.1316 S 33 3.26540 0.76% 1.00000 0.46.-

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TA BLE I - CONTINUEDNATURAL MAGNETIC

A EL I NMR FREQ A BUNDANCE MOMENT T N C S17 Cl 35 4.17170 75.53% 0.82091 43.7017 Cl 37 3.47200 24.47% 0.68330 10.0019 K 39 1.95680 93.10% 0.39097 2.1019 K 41 1.09050 6.88% 0.21459 1.4626 Fe 57 1.37580 2.19% 1.37580 2.5048 Cd 111 9.02800 12.75% (0.59220) 2.4048 Cd 113 9.44500 12.26% (0.61950) 2.06e+0480 Hg 199 7.59012 16.84% 0.49786 2,100.0080 Hg 201 2.80990 13.22% (0.55293) 60.0082 Pb 207 8.90771 22.60% 0.58428 0.70

A = A tom1c number; EL = El ement; I = I sotope number;15 NMR Freq. = Nucl ear Magnetic Resonance Frequency stated in mHz;

T N C S = Thermal nucl ear cross sectionTable I shows the rel ationship of the nuclear magnetic resonancefrequencies of the isotopes used in the preferred embodiments.

20 There is a direct correlation between the starting magneticre so nan ce f req uen cie s an d the e ndi ng m agn eti c r eso nan ce f req uen cie sin the production of precious metal s. This rel ationship can beil l ustrated by the fol lowing Table II:

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Table IIResonance data for precious metal isotopes

IsotopeNATURAL MAGNETIC

A EL I NMR FREQ ABUNDANCE MOMENT T N C S

44 Ru 99 1.96070 12.72% (0.64300) 4.0044 Ru 101 2.19750 17.07% 0.72070 5.0045 Rh 103 1.34010 100.00% 0.08790 11.0046 Pd 105 1.95000 22.23% 0.63900 22.2047 Ag 107 1.72290 51.82% (0.11301) 36.0047 Ag 109 1.98070 48.18% (0.12992) 87.0076 Os 187 0.98059 1.64% 0.06430 200.0076 Os 189 3.30340 16.10% 0.65004 40.0077 Ir 191 0.73180 37.30% 0.14400 650.0077 Ir 193 0.79680 62.70% 0.15680 105.0078 Pt 195 9.15300 33.80% 0.60040 28.0079 Au 197 0.72919 100.00% 0.14349 98.70

20 A = Atomlc number: EL = Element; I = I so to pe n um be r:NMR Freq. = Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Frequency stated in mHZiT N C S = Thermal nuclear cross sectionTo simplify the relationship between the magnetic resonances of the

. 25 starting chemical matrix and the ending transmuted precious metalisotopes, the following tables set forth the correlation.

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W094/03905 PCf IUS93/01376

Table IIIResonance Data for Group A:

5Isotope N M R Frequency

~1 1.0905019

Fe57 1.3758026Rh103 1.3401045OS187 0.9805976Ir191 0.7318077Ir193 0.7968071

7gAu197 0.72919

10

Table IV15 Resonance Data for Group B:

20

Isotope NMR Frequency19~9 1.95680

Ru99 1.9607044-Ru101 2.1975044Pd105 1.9500046Ag107 1.7229047 ...Ag109 1.9807047

25The imposition of the characteristic resonant frequency as denotedin Tables III and IV, show a direct relationship between the

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W094/0390S PCf/US93/01376

resonant qualities of the starting chemical matrix and that of theending precious metals. The resonance data of Tables III and IV,is exemplary of the two strongest characteristic resonant groups.

'5 The physical size of the chemical compounds and the metallicelements has a direct relationship to the efficiency of the overall.method. It is preferred that all compounds and elements be reducedto a physical size less than 200 mesh (sieve size) . Also, it isimportant to have a totally homogeneous mixture, for it is

10 necessary for all of the compounds and elements to be in intimatecontact with each other.

Chemical compounds within the matrix can be substituted, such asreplacement of all but the heat generator and the required starting

15 isotopes to be transmuted, with a sulfide mineral that contains allof the (~alities of the resonant generator.

It is also possible to substitute for the heat generator specificgases under pressure. Such gases act in place of the heat

20 generator compounds when added to the resonance generator andtransmutive isotopes. Preferred examples of such gases are:

C02 + H + N + 025 SPECIFIC EXAMPLES OF THE INVENTION

The following are specific examples of the practice of this methodand will serve to illustrate it. These examples are not to beconsidered in any way as limiting the scope of this method but only

30 as examplary of it. In these examples, chemicals and precentagesare by weight unless specified to the contrary.

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W094/03905 PCfIUS93/01376

Example 1

5

HE AT G ENE RA TOR

FeS04 100 gramsS 80 gramsC 300 gramsKN03 900 grams

R ES ON AN CE G EN ER AT OR

sto, 120 gramsCaO 30 grams

B asic Metal s

Ag 5 gramsHgCl 100 gramsPbO 50 gramsCd 30 grams

10

15

20A 2.0 l iter stainl ess steel container was util ized, in which theabove compounds and el ements were physical ly reduced in size toless than 200 mesh and thoroughly homogenized by physical mixing.Next, the container, with the prepared chemical matrix within, was

25 pl aced in a fume hood and ignited. The average time for totalignition was approximatel y 200 seconds.

A fter the thermal melt process, the residue was al lowed to cool andthen was removed from the original container. A t this point, the

30 reaction was complete and there was an observable presence of gold,platinum, pal ladium, and rhodium. These metal s are then separatedfrom the residue by anyone of many standard accepted metal lurgicalprocesses.

35 A nother exampl e of the method is as fol lows:10

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WO 94/03905 PCf/US93/01376

Exampl e 2H EA T G EN ERA TO R

5CKN03

300 grams900 grams

R ES ON ANC E G EN ER ATO RMineral (1) 120 grams

10B asic Metal s

HgCI 100 gramsPbO 50 grams

15 (l )Mineral can be any sul fide compound containing >30% naturalquartz having a sufficient native A g content to permittran smutatio n to rhodi um.

20 In accordance with Exampl e 1 a 2.0 liter stainless steel containerwas utilized, in which the above chemicals and elements werephysical ly reduced in size to l ess than 200 mesh, and thoroughlyhomogenized by physical mixing. Next, the container, with theprepared chemical matrix within, was placed in a fume hood and

25 ignited. The average time for total ignition was approximately 90seconds.

After the thermal melt process, the residue was al lowed to cool andthen removed from the original container. At this point, the

30 reaction was complete and there was an observable presence of gol d,pl atinum, pal ladium, and rhodium. rhese metal s are then separatedfrom the residue by anyone of many standard accepted metal lurgicalprocesses

35

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W094/0390S PCf/US93/01376C L A I M S

5

Claim 1. A method of transmutating isotopes of elements from amixture containing such el ements comprising the steps of:

providing the isotope to be transmuted, which isotope has amagnetic moment; further providing a heat generator and aresonance generator and forming a mixture; subjecting saidmixture to heat and a resonant frequency unique to the nucleusof the isotope for a time sufficient for the isotope toundergo an alpha fission to a new el ement of lower mass anda to mi c n um be r.

10Claim 2. The method as claimed in claim 1wherein said heatgenerator is composed of one or more members selected from thegroup consisting of Fe804,8,C, or KN03

15 Claim 3. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said resonancegenerator is composed of one or more members sel ected from thegroup consisting of 8i02, CaO or any sulfide compound containingmore than 30% natural quartz.

20' Claim 4. The method as cl aimed in claim 1 comprising the furtherstep of physicall y reducing the particl e size of said mixture tol ess than 200 mesh and homogenizing said mixture.

Claim 5. The method as claimed in cl aim 1 wherein the heat and25 unique resonant frequency is provided by the mixture.

Claim 6. The method as claimed in cl aim 1wherein the heatgenerator is composed of one or more gases selected from the groupconsisting of CO2,H,N, or O.

30 Claim 7. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein mul tipl etransmutations occur during the method.

Cl aim 8. The method as cl aimed in claim 1wherein the isotope is35 mercury201 and the transmutation is 8oHg201_->7sPt197+a.

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W094/03905 PCf/US93/01376

Claim 9. The method as claimed in claim 7 wherein the isotope ismercury201 and the transmutations are:

JIg201__ > pt197+a---> gAU19 7+ 3 .78 7

5 Claim 10. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the isotope is

Claim 11. The method as claimed in claim 10 wherein the isotope issilver107 and the transmutations are :47Agl09_->4SRhl0S+ a --> 46Pdl0S+

10 p .

Claim 12. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the startingisotope is radioactive and the new element is a stable isotope.

15 Claim 13. The method as claimed in claim 12 wherein the startingisotope is cobal t60 and the transmutations are:

27Co60_-->2SMn56+x --->26Fe56+ p.

20

25

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INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT -In te rna ti ona l app li ca ti on No.PCTlUS93/01376

A . CLASSIFICAT ION OF SUBJECT M AIT ERIPC(S) :G 21G 1/00US CL :3761156

According to International Patent Claslification (IPC) or to bot h nat iona l c la ss if ic at ion and IPCB. FIELDS SEARCHEDMinimum documenta ti on searched (classification syst em fo ll owed by classi fi ca ti on symbols)U.S. : 149m,87,108.2;2521629

Documenta ti on searched other than minimum documenta ti on to t he ext en t t ha t such documen ts a re i nc luded i n t he f ie ld s s ea rched

E le ctr on ic d ata b as e c on su lte d d ur in g th e in te rn atio na l s ea rc h ( name o f d ata b as e a nd , w he re p ra ctic ab le , s ea rc h terms used)

C . DOCUM ENT S CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANTCategory* Citation of document, w ith indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages Relevant to c la im No.L Physics Letters, vol. lOlA, No.1, 05 March 1984, pages 58-60,

Becker et al. (cited as alpha emission from a nucleus). 1-13

L JETP Lett. , vol. 39, No.6, 25 March 1984, pages 338-341,Akhmeder. (cited a s ca stin g doubt on the ability to cause alphaemission form a nucleus).

1-13

X US,A, 4,224,177 (Macedo et al.) 23 September 1980, (see col.2,4,6,~10).

1,3,5,6,7,12,13

X US,A 4,659,477 (Macedo et al.) 21 April 1987, (see col.-5,8,13,14,21).

1-5,7-13

Fur ther documents are listed in th e cont inua ti on of B ox C. D See patent family annex . S p e c i& l . . .. . .. . .. ofoW"__: "T"

d.,.._defiIliIot ..... ~_ of....at which io _ _ __ _to be put of puticuIIr.wv-:e-ue.- ~ " ' 1 i o I I e d _ 1M' 1Iter .... ~ f i I i a a daled_ which ma y 111.- douiIII C I I I priori ty C I U l l ( I ) or w b i c I I illcited to e .I I I I I I i o h . . . . ~ dale of --.. ci laDoD at' odoer1pCCiI1-- (. ipCCified) 'y'd_ referriq 10 . . onI I dioclooure._. exhibil ioe 1M ' odoer

1oIa-.s- pubIioIIalllter ~ fiIiDI daIe prioritydale I IId _ m C C I I I t l i c t willl _,.,1icIIIiaa bu toW0 1IIIdenIaDd ... .~dooory 1 I I I I I e r t y m , iDvClllioDd_ of puticuIIr ~: .... c la im e d m v ad io a _ beC C I I I I I i d e n d D O Y e l at' _ be C C I I I I I i d e n d to iDYolveIII~ellqlwIIaa . .. . ~illltlll __~ of puticuIIr ~: c la imed iD v ad io a _ beca.idaecI to iD volve . . iD v e ...... baI ... . d_ ioc :c m b iD D d . . iIIl_more o d o o r IUdt ~.1IIdI c:omIriaIIioIlb e i D a o IoY iD ullO .. ., .._ aId JIo d m . .. . at~ of""_"""r.mily

'A''E' 'X''L'

'0 ' -1'" doc:umaItpublillled prior 10 .... __ .' -I f i I i a a da le bu t 1oIa-.... .&;.. .. . p r io ri ty dale e lU DedDate o f th e a ctu al c omp le tio n o f th e in te rn atio na l s ea rc h19 M AY 1993

D ate ~ f m ailin g o f the !n~~onal search reportQ 9 J U N 1 9 9 3

N am e a nd m ailin g a dd re ss o f th e ISA/US. Commil lioner of Patell tl and TradcmarklBoxPCTWalhington. D.C. 20231F acsim ile N o. N OT A PP LIC AB LE

Authorized officer ~ v v H o 1 1 tt....-l-r ,.~ . '. r-f " y \ . HARVEYE. BEHRENDl~ c z ....!J~N!!!fDIVISIQ:!In;J:~1!!A'rIO .-..T elephone No. (703) 308-0439F on n PCT II SA l2 1 0 ( se co nd s he et) (lu ly 1 9 92 ,*

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-INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT International application No.PCTlUS93/01376

C (Continuation). DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANTCategory* Citation of document, with indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages Relevant to claim No.X US,A , 4 ,54 4,4 99 (T ran et al.) 0 1 O ctober 1 98 5, (see col. 1 -7 ,12 ,132 ,11 ,12 ,13 ,14 ,15,17) .X US,A , 4 ,5 14 ,3 29 (W akabayashi et al.) 3 0 A pril 1 985, (see col. 1 ,3 ,5 ,7 ,12 ,5,6). 13X US,A , 4 ,4 69 ,6 28 (S immons et al) 0 4 S eptem ber 1 98 4 (see cols. 1 -9 ,12 ,136,7 ,9 ,11 ,15,17,21 ,27) .X US,A , 4 ,5 47,2 35 (Schneiter et al.) 1 5 O ctober 1 98 5, (see col. 1 -71 ,4) .X US,A , 2 ,82 3,1 05 (S tevenson et al.) 11 February 1 95 8, (se e co l. 1 -3 ,5,7

2 ,4) .X US,A , 3 ,94 4,4 48 (M arlow e et al.) 16 M arch 1976, (see the 1-3 ,5,7ab stract an d co l. 5 ).X US,A , 3 ,3 29 ,06 8 (K now les et al.) 09 J uly 1968, (see cols. 1 -3 ). 1 -5,7X US,A , H 169 (M ackenzie et al.) 02 D ecem ber 1 986, (see the 1-5,7abstract).y U S,A , 1 ,424 ,204 (M otte) 01 A ugust 1922 , (see col. 1 ). 8,9y US,A , 2 ,92 7,84 9 (G reblick et al.) 08 M arch 1960, (see col. 2 ,4). 1 0 , 1 1

Fonn PCTIISA1210 (continuation of second shcc:t)(luly 1992>*

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INTElUJATIONAL SEARCH REPORT ' rn a tiona l appl ica tion No .PCTlUS93/01376

Box I ObserY.tiou where eertaiD dIiIIII were fOUDd IUIIeU'ehIbIe (Coat iaUltioD of item 1 of r a n t sbeet'This international r ep or t b aa not b e a t CIlIbIilhcd in rc:. tpeet of certain claiml under Article 17(2Xa) for t h e f ol lo w in g reasons:1. D Claims NOl. :

b ec au se t he y r el at e to subject matter no t requ ired to be s ea rc he d b y th is Aut ho ri ty , n am ely :

2 . D Cla ims No s. :because they relate to partI of the intemationalapplication that do not c omp ly w it h t he p re sc ri be d r eq u ir ement s to sucha n e xt en t t ha t n o mea nin gf ul i nt ern ati on al s ea rc h c an be carried out , specif ically :

3. D Cla ims No s. :because they arc ~ claims and a re not draf ted in acconiaDce wIh th e I C C O n d and third IeIt.cnCeI of Rule 6.4(a).

Box II Obsen.tiD . where uaity of WYeaUoa is I a c k i D K (CoDtiaUltioa of item 1 of r a n t sheet)This I nt er na ti on al S ea rc hi ng Au th or it y f ound mu lt ip le i nv en ti on s i n t hi s i nt er na ti on al a pp li ca ti on , u follows:

(Te lephone Pract ice )Pleue See Extra Shee t.

1. G As aU r eq ui re d add it io na llCU 'Ch f ec i we re t ime ly p ai d by the app li ca nt , t hi s i nt er na ti on al s ea rc h report cov en a ll s ea n: ha bl eclaims.

2. 0 A s a ll s ea rc habl e c la ims cou ld be searched wi thout e ffo rt j u st ify ing an addi tiona l fcc, this Au thor it y d id not i nv it e p aymen to f a ny a dd iti on al f cc .3 . D As o nly s ome o f th e r eq uir ed a dd iti on al s ea rc h f ec i were timely paid by the applicant, this in te rna tiona l search repo rt cove rso nly t hO le c la ims for whi ch f ec i were paid, Ipcc if icaUy c la ims NOl .:

4. D No req u ir ed add it io na llCU 'Ch f ec i wer e tim ely p aid b y the a pp li ca nt . CO ll lC q ua ltl y, th is in tema tio na lle ar ch r ep or t isreatrictcd to the invent ion first ment io ned in the claims; it iIco vere d b y cla im s NOl.:

Remark on Protest o The additional search fcca wer e a cc omp an ie d b y th e a pp li ca nt" p ro te st .o No protclt accompanied the payment o f a dd it io na l s ea rc h f ec i.F orm PCT II SA I2 1 0 ( co nt in ua tio n o f first I he et (l )) (J u ly ( 992 ) .

8/4/2019 Wo9403905a1 Champion

19/19

INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT -In_.national application No.PCTlUS93/01376

BOX n . OBS ERVA T IONS WHER E UNIT Y O F INVENT ION WAS LACKIN GT h is I SA fo un d m ultip le in ve ntio na u fo llo ws:T h er e is la ck o f u nity u nd er P C T R ule 1 3 b ec au se to th e fo llo win g in de pe nd en t a nd d is tin ct s pe cie s:

G ro?!'.!. ~ . em bodim ent w herein the iaotopc is m crcury- 201 and the lcut generator is one or m ore of