With sports against homophobia Oslo Venstre – Pride seminar Europride 2014 Oslo City Hall, June 26 th 2014 Håvard B. Øvregård Adviser, The Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports 1
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With sports against homophobia
Oslo Venstre – Pride seminar
Europride 2014
Oslo City Hall, June 26th 2014
Håvard B. ØvregårdAdviser, The Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports 1
Vision for Norwegian Sport:
Joy of Sport– for All
Aim for Norwegian Sport:
§ 1-2 Aim (NIFs law)1)NIF shall work for the opportunity for all people to practise sport according to one’s own wish and need, and without being discriminated on the basis of religion, sexual orientation or ethnic origin. […]
http://www.lovdata.no/nif/nifloven.html#1-2
Zero tolerance of discrimination and harassment
2.4. Inclusion (Sport Policy Document 2011-2015)
Goal: To increase the participation of underrepresented groups, so that their participation in sport mirrors the diversity in society, by•making everyone feel welcome and accepted as members of the sport clubs•removing conditions that inhibit the participation of certain groups•enforcing the principle of zero tolerance of discrimination and harassment regardless of gender, ethnicity, faith, sexual orientation, and disability
Zero tolerance of discrimination and harassment
2.4. Inclusion (Sport Policy Document 2011-2015)
Goal: To increase the participation of underrepresented groups, so that their participation in sport mirrors the diversity in society, by•making everyone feel welcome and accepted as members of the sport clubs•removing conditions that inhibit the participation of certain groups•enforcing the principle of zero tolerance of discrimination and harassment regardless of gender, ethnicity, faith, sexual orientation, and disability
The Olympic Charter
“Any form of discrimination with regard to a country or a person on grounds of race, religion, politics, gender or otherwise is incompatible with belonging to the Olympic Movement.”
The 6th Fundamental Principle of Olympismhttp://www.olympic.org/Documents/olympic_charter_en.pdf (page 12)
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Zero tolerance
• For discrimination / harassment / abuse– Bullying– Homophobia– Sexual harassment
• Why?
Joy of Sport – for All
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With Sport Against Homophobia
- a project for increased diversity and equality (2007-2010)
Aim:
Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) feel at home as athletes, coaches, referees and fans.
Arena:
Organised sport.
Why:
Joy of Sport - for All
Norges idrettsforbund og olympiske og paralympiske komité
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Sport Policy Document 2007 – 20111.6 Tolerance and equality
Aim:
Foster tolerance, understanding and recognition for equality in order to avoid discrimination and harassment.
Strategy:• There shall be zero-tolerance for discrimination and harassment
regardless gender, ethnic origin, religion, sexual orientation, and disability.
• Lesbian, gay and bisexual are – differing from many other minorities – an invisible group. It is therefore an extra challenge to contribute to dissemination of knowledge and information in order for this group to be fully accepted within Sports.
Responsibility:
All organisational entities.http://www.idrett.no/t2.aspx?p=66791
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Sport Policy Document 2007 – 20111.6 Tolerance and equality
Aim:
Foster tolerance, understanding and recognition for equality in order to avoid discrimination and harassment.
Strategy:• There shall be zero-tolerance for discrimination and harassment
regardless gender, ethnic origin, religion, sexual orientation, and disability.
• Lesbian, gay and bisexual are – differing from many other minorities – an invisible group. It is therefore an extra challenge to contribute to dissemination of knowledge and information in order for this group to be fully accepted within Sports.
Responsibility:
All organisational entities.http://www.idrett.no/t2.aspx?p=66791
Sport Policy Document 2007 – 2011
2.4. Inclusion
Goal: To increase the participation of underrepresented groups, so that their participation in sport mirrors the diversity in society, by•making everyone feel welcome and accepted as members of the sport clubs•removing conditions that inhibit the participation of certain groups•enforcing the principle of zero tolerance of discrimination and harassment regardless of gender, ethnicity, faith, sexual orientation, and disability
Sport Policy Document 2007 – 2011
2.4. Inclusion
Goal: To increase the participation of underrepresented groups, so that their participation in sport mirrors the diversity in society, by•making everyone feel welcome and accepted as members of the sport clubs•removing conditions that inhibit the participation of certain groups•enforcing the principle of zero tolerance of discrimination and harassment regardless of gender, ethnicity, faith, sexual orientation, and disability
2011: Revision of the “aim”-paragraph in the law
§ 1-2 Aim (NIFs law)1)NIF shall work for the opportunity for all people to practise sport according to one’s own wish and need, and without being discriminated on the basis of religion, sexual orientation or ethnic origin. […]
http://www.lovdata.no/nif/nifloven.html#1-2
How to change attitudes?• “Haldningsskapande” (Creating attitude)– Can you create good attitudes?
• “Haldningsutfordrande” (Challenging attitude)–We can challenge, in order for each one to
reconsider one’s own attitudes• Challenge through– Knowledge– Perspective– Responsibility
Knowledge
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Challenges for younggay/lesbian?
• Most gay and lesbian live a good life• But many face challenges:– Suicide– Violence– Bullying– Slur / terms of abuse
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Suicide
• Research (1999):– Thoughts about suicide last 14 days 6-7 times
higher amongst lesbian women and gay men compared to the general population.
– Every fourth lesbian women or gay man (in this report) has attempted suicide at least once
– Isolation, loneliness, powerlessness and difficulties with accepting oneself as lesbian/gay were the most frequent causes reported.
Nova-Report 1/99: http://www.nova.no/index.gan?id=513&subid=0&longFormat=1
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Violence / bullying
Research (2007) («Young in Oslo», 14 - 17 years old)
•2 of 10 lesbian/bisexual girls and 4 of 10 gay/bisexual boys reported being victim of violence that requested medical treatment during the last year. •1 of 20 lesbian/bisexual girls and 1 of 5 gay/bisexual boys reported being victim of daily bullying the last year.
Ung i Oslo / Nova-rapport 19/07: http://www.nova.no/?id=15067
”Homo” (gay) as slur / term of abuse
• ”Homo” (gay) is the most frequent term of abuse amongst youth (boys) in Norway(Røhnebek m.fl. 2005: Hore eller homo? En rapport om seksualisert trakassering blant ungdom)
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• Why is this used as term of abuse?• What does “homo” communicate?• Are there any connections?
• Suicide – violence – bullying – term of abuse
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”I meant nothing, it’s just a phrase”
Perspective
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IanRoberts
• Australian Rugby• Professional 90-98
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Matthew Mitcham
• Australian diver• Olympic Gold
Medallist 2008
Sexual orientationVS
gender role
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Sexual orientationVS
gender role
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Responsibility
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What can the coach do?
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The «coming-out»
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”Østlendingen”(Norwegian local
newspaper)
19.Sept. 2008www.ostlendingen.no/article/20080919/SPORT04/27546030/1102/
”Coming-out”
”Wednesday he told all his team-mates about his sexual orientation.
– I have never been so nervous in all my life, says the 20-year old. ”
• Fear for the ”worst-case-scenario”• How can we reduce this fear?• Clear message in advance
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• Clear message at first session with a team/group.
• Example:– ”in this club/team we have zero-tolerance for
discrimination and harassment. Black or white, gay or straight, everybody shall feel at home.”
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Zero-tolerance of homophobic language
• When you hear a word like ”gay”, ”faggot”, ”lesbian”, ”dyke”, etc. – React immediately– Ask: ”What did you mean by that?”– State that homophobic language is not accepted
in the sport club or in sport club related activities
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You can not be neutral
IOC
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IOC
13th World Sport for All
Congress
FinlandJune 17th
2010
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The Olympic Charter
“Any form of discrimination with regard to a country or a person on grounds of race, religion, politics, gender or otherwise is incompatible with belonging to the Olympic Movement.”
The 6th Fundamental Principle of Olympismhttp://www.olympic.org/Documents/olympic_charter_en.pdf
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• Anita DeFrantz, Chair of IOC Women Commission, adressing the UN Commissjon on the Status of Women, NY March:
“the practice of sport is a human right that cannot be denied on the basis of gender, race or sexual orientation”http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Olympism_in_action/Women_and_sport/Anita_DeFrantz_speech_UN_Women_March%202013.pdf
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IOC: July 31st 2013
– “The International Olympic Committee is clear that sport is a human right and should be available to all regardless of race, sex or sexual orientation. The Games themselves should be open to all, free of discrimination, and that applies to spectators, officials, media and of course athletes. We would oppose in the strongest terms any move that would jeopardise this principle.”
http://www.olympic.org/news/ioc-statement-on-recent-russian-legislation/206969
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IOC President Thomas Bach, 12/6-146th IWG World Conference on Women and Sport, Helsinki
“Our central belief written into our Charter is that sport should be available to all, regardless of gender, race, ethnicity or any other form of discrimination, including sexual orientation. […] As a sports organisation we cannot force countries to change their legislation but what we can do is give an example to the world that a society based on these core beliefs is possible and does even work better. ”http://www.olympic.org/news/ioc-president-calls-for-sport-free-from-discrimination-at-6th-iwg-world-conference-on-women-and-sport/233480
http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Olympism_in_action/Women_and_sport/Thomas_Bach_IWG_Opening_Ceremony_speech_12_June.pdf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=STutjRWD1u8
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IOC and homophobia
• 2007: Policy on homophobia (Part of “Consensus statement on sexual harassment and abuse in sport”)
• “Homophobia is a form of prejudice and discrimination ranging from passive resentment to active victimisation of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered people.”
– http://www.olympic.org/content/news/media-resources/manual-news/1999-2009/2007/02/08/ioc-adopts-consensus-statement-on-sexual-harassment-and-abuse-in-sport/
• IOC webpage on homophobia– http://www.olympic.org/sha?tab=homophobia
• Interactive web-tool: http://sha.olympic.org
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http://sha.olympic.org«Personal stories»: 2 gay / 1 trans
(French/English/German/Russian)
Back to Norway:
What happens in Norwegian
Sports?
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Tackling homophobia systematically
• Presentations– “obligatory”– Multisport arenas– National federations
• Leadership• National team coaches
– Local clubs– Schools
• Advising federations• Media
Checklist:•Laws•Regulations•Handle complaints•Coach education•Webpage•Address the topic – Leadership– Staff
Magazine sent to all 12.000 sport clubs in Norway
Resources• Magazine (paper and pdf) – ”Med idretten mot homohets”
(“With Sports Against Homophobia”)• Will be made available in english
http://www.idrett.no/tema/mothomohets/Sider/BladetMedidrettenmothomohets.aspx
• A short summary of the project (english):• http://www.idrett.no/english/Sider/WithSportsagainsthomopbia.aspx• http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Olympism_in_action/Sport%20for%20all/previous-editions/2010/13th
%20World%20Sport%20for%20All%20Conference%20Abstracts%20Parallel%20Sessions.pdf (page 44-45)
Video(english)
at our webpage
http://www.idrett.no/english/Sider/WithSportsagainsthomopbia.aspx
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Håvard B. ØvregårdAdviser, work against discrimination and harassment
m: +47 91 77 31 57
www.idrett.no
The Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports
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