Wirelesspowertransmissionoriginalppt 131029111829-phpapp02(1)

04/13/2023Wireless Power Transmission

1INERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT ,ENGIEERING AND TECHKNOLOGY,

A SEMINAR ON WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION

YOGESH KUMAR GURJAR ELECTRONIC AND COMMUNICATION 4 TH YAER

Wireless Power Transmission

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Slide Plan

Why WPT History Principle Components Methods Merits and Demerits Biological Impacts Applications Current Technology Future Aspects Challenges Conclusion

BCREC/EE/2013-14/5TH SEM/WPT


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What is WPT?

The transmission of energy from one place to another without using wires

The wireless transmission is made possible by using various technologies



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Why WPT?

According to the World Resources Institute (WRI), India’s electricity grid has the highest transmission and distribution losses in the world – a whopping 27%.

This is attributed to technical losses and theft. The continuity of power supply, optimizing the

location of sensors, and dealing with rotating or moving joints.



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History

Experiments performed between 1888 and 1907 by Nikola Tesla

Started efforts on wireless transmission at 1891 in his “experimental station” at Colorado

He lighted a small incandescent lamp by means of a resonant circuit grounded on one end.

William C. Brown, the pioneer in wireless power transmission technology

The idea of Tesla is taken in to research after 100 years by a team led by Marin Soljačić from MIT



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Principle



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Components

1. Microwave Generator2. Transmitting Antenna3. Rectenna



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Methods

1) Induction

2) Electromagnetic Transmission

3) Evanescent Wave Coupling

4) Electrodynamic Induction

5) Electrostatic Induction



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Induction

The principle of mutual induction between two coils can be used for the transfer of electrical power without any physical contact in between.

The simplest example of how mutual induction works is the transformer, where there is no physical contact between the primary and the secondary coils.



10Electromagnetic Transmission

Electromagnetic waves can also be used to transfer power without wires.

By converting electricity into light, such as a laser beam, then firing this beam at a receiving target, such as a solar cell on a small aircraft, power can be beamed to a single target. This is generally known as “power beaming”.



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Evanescent Wave Coupling

A process by which electromagnetic waves are transmitted from one medium to another by means of the evanescent (or decaying) electromagnetic fields.

This is usually accomplished by placing two or more waveguides close together so that the evanescent field does not decay much in the vicinity of the other waveguide.



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Electrodynamic Induction



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Electrostatic Induction

Also known as “capacitive coupling” It is an electric field Gradient or differential

capacitance between two elevated Electrodes over a conducting ground plane for wireless energy Transmission

It involves high frequency alternating current Potential differences transmitted between two plates or nodes.



14 Merits

Eliminates the existing transmission line cables, towers and sub stations

More freedom of choice of both receiver and transmitters

Cost of transmission and distribution become less

Power could be transmitted to the places where the wired transmission is not possible.

Loss of transmission is negligible level Safer by eliminating the sparking hazard



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Demerits

The Capital Cost for practical implementation of WPT seems to be very high.

Interference of microwave with present communication systems.

Common belief fears the effect of microwave radiation.



16 Biological Impacts

WHO recommends the human exposure guidelines determined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) and by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP).

Public exposure to WPT fields would also be below existing safety guidelines.

Localized impact on the environment would be created if the operation of a WPT device has some effect.



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Applications

Generating power by placing satellites with giant solar arrays in Geosynchronous Earth Orbit.

Moving targets such as fuel free airplanes, electric vehicles, moving robots.

Ubiquitous Power Source (or) Wireless Power Source, Wireless sensors and RF Power Adaptive Rectifying Circuits (PARC).



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Current Technology

Microwave Transmitter



19Contd…

Solar Power Satellites (SPS)



20Contd…

LASER transmission

LASER converts electricity to light using lasers, and projects that light onto a specialized solar cell array, which then converts the light back into electricity.

The “wireless extension cord” delivers thousands of watts at ranges up to many kilometers.

The wireless transmission of power via laser is useful in situations where it is impractical or uneconomical to run wires, including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), unattended sensors, communication towers, forward operating bases, and disaster relief.



21 Future Aspects

It is one of the biggest challenges in today's world to transmit energy in rough terrain like mountains, forest, and sea.

A verified SPICE model of wireless transmission has been considered for the efficiency calculation along with the mathematical approach.

Numerical calculation shows that 30-70% transmission efficiency can be achieved by using this model of transmission depending upon the transmission distance and diameter of the antenna.

MATLAB simulator and Simulink have been used for the system response and adaptability.



22Challenges

Electromagnetic wave scatters freely in space as it propagates

The concerns that some environmentalists are placing is the depletion of ozone layer by the radiation.

There should be complete revolution in the electrical world for manufacturing and designing.

Some of the countries which depend on electrical energy for the economy like country Bhutan.

This was the main reason that Tesla failed to convince then the sponsors and entrepreneurs of his time to carry out his project.



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Conclusion

WPT emerges out as the best alternative for efficient power transmission despite its few drawbacks such as very high installation cost.

WPT has very high efficiency as the loss during power transmission is nearly negligible and it acts as a boon for the people of those areas where wired transmission is not possible

The power failure due to short circuit and electric faults would not be possible at all.


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THANK YOU!


Wirelesspowertransmissionoriginalppt 131029111829-phpapp02(1)

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