Winter College on Optics: Trends in Laser Development and …indico.ictp.it/event/a12164/session/15/contribution/9/... · 2014-05-05 · 2443-7 Winter College on Optics: Trends in

2443-7

Winter College on Optics: Trends in Laser Development and Multidisciplinary Applications to Science and Industry

U. Morgner

4 - 15 February 2013

University of Hannover Germany

Pulse characterization

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mode-locked ruby Nd:Glass

flashlamp dye lasers cw mode-locked dye

pulse compression colliding pulse

Ti:sapphire mode-locked dye

< 1 ns < 10 ps

< 100 fs < 1 ps

< 10 fs pulse duration

technology

< 5 fs

source: P. Dietrich

< 1 fs

XUV-HHG

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[s] (FWHM)duration pulse[Hz] (FWHM)bandwidth spectral

productbandwidth timeTBP

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Note that the relative signs of the 2nd and 3rd-order terms are opposite for prism compressors and grating compressors.

Grating compressors offer more compression than prism compressors.

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spectral phase

calculated IAC comparison pulse

optimization of spectral phase

meas. power spectrum

measured IAC

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FWHM (FTL) = 4.3 fs

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The Spectrogram of a waveform E(t)

We must compute the spectrum of the product: E(t) g(t-)

g(t- )E(t)

time0

The spectrogram tells the color and intensity of E(t) at the time .

g(t- ) contributes only intensity, not phase (i.e., color), to the signal pulse.

E(t) contributes phase (i.e., color),

to the signal pulse.

E(t) g(t- )

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E(t) |E(t- )| polarization gate E(t) E(t- )* self diffraction E(t) E(t- ) THG

E(t) E(t- ) SHG

2

2

E sig (t, ) 2

.

Pulse to be measured

Nonlinear-optical process Spectrometer Camera

Obtaining E(t) from the FROG trace is equivalent to the 2D phase-retrieval problem.

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1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0 SPEC

TRAL

DEN

SITY

1200 1000 800 600

-12

-8

-4

0

PH

AS

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AD

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1200 1000 800 600 WAVELENGTH [NM]

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