Wind Turbine in Freiamt / Black Forest … the end of the rainbow?

Wind Turbinein Freiamt / Black Forest

… the end of the rainbow?

Stakeholder Management in Wind Energy Projects

Dr. Josef Pesch

Managing Director, fesa GmbH, FreiburgCEO, fesa Energy Coop, Freiburg

Regional Vice-Chair of German Wind Energy Association

fesa e.V. 1995roof of stadium SC Freiburg93.6 kWp ca. 90,000 kWh/a158 shareholders

fesa GmbH 2006Freiburg Solar B 31365 kWp >400,000 kWh/a80 shareholders

© fesa GmbH

Citizens´ Participation Projects fesa (and partners)

Solar, Wind, Hydro, Wood, Efficiency, Energy Saving(Status end of 2011)

Installed Capacity: > 48 MW (45 MW wind; 2 MW pv)

Production 2011: 62 GWh (2000: 2 GWh)

Prediction for 2012 > 63 GWh

Total Investment (1994-2012): > 66 €m

Equity raised (1994-2012): > 23 €m

Power by the people!

fesa Association founded by citizens in 1994

Motto: “We know what to do, but we still have to do it – and if we join forces, we can move renewables.”

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Milestones of Wind Development

• Site evaluation• Site assessment, first financial model• Contracts on land use and access• Preparation of planning permission• Surveys & studies• Planning permission• Construction planning, grid connection,

financing• Placing orders for equipment incl. turbines• Construction• Commissioning• Take over by investors• Operation

Everybody has a stake …

1. Frameworknational incentives for renewables, planning regulations,

grid access

2. Internalsite evaluation, site assessment, technological decisions,

permission management, project finance

3. Externallocal residents, local authorities, land owners, planning

officers, grid operators, power companies

4. Financialinvestors, banks, development finance, local participation

5. Realisationaccess roads, foundations, local content

6. Operationmaintainance, access, local residents

Central vs decental: multiplication of stake holders

1. Framework- national incentives for renewables- planning regulations- grid access

• National motivation

• Natural monopoles / Ownership of infrastructure

• Planning priorities & organisation (central vs local)

• Know your allies

• Know your enemies

• Vested interests

=> KISS (keep it simple, stupid)

German Feed-In Law of 1990

2. Internal

• site evaluation => Does it look like a project?

• site assessment => wind, access, ownership, restrictions, grid

• technological decisions => turbine, connection point, layout

• development finance => Who takes the risk?

• permission management => permission requirements, zoning, surveys

Typical permission requirements• Noise Study• Shading Study• Turbulence Study• Landscape Management Study• Visualisation Study• Natural Environment Study (birds, bats, other animals)• Environmental Impact Study• Cultural Impact Study (cultural heritage impact)• Permissions by land owners for site, access roads, power lines• Implications for Tourism

Where wind turbines can be located

Total hight 100 m 140 m 170 m

capacity 2000 kW 2000 kW 2000 kW

Rotor diameter 80 m 80 m 90 m

Hub Height 60 m 100 m 125 m

Production 4.4 Mio. kWh/a 5.2 Mio. kWh/a 6.5 Mio. kWh/a

Capacity factor 2,200 h/a 2,600 h/a 3,250 h/a

Increasing yield: raising hub height & rotor diameter

Shade Study

Noise Impact

3. External

• local residents => information, share holders, local opposition

• local authorities => information, local value generation

• land owners => private / public / envy management

• planning officers => objective & subjective criteria

• grid operators => high resistance: technical barriers or partnership

• power companies => power purchase, partnership

To get the power to the consumer

Top Down: Conventional Grid Management

Grid load management is relatively simple.

Renwables - Power from all around; flow in all directions

Grid load management becomes very complex.

4. Financial

• Investors (equity) => state/private, regional/international

• Banks (debt) => experience in wind

• local participation=> coops vs NIMBYs

• Power shift: Bi-directional flow of (urban) money (rural) power

My wind turbine

= local income in rural areas

Someone’s wind turbine.

Alien, anonymus.

5. Realisation

• local content => road building, construction

• construction of access roads => local contractors

• internal grid construction => local contractors

• transport route => obstacles on the way

• foundation input => local contractors

• crane availability / hire => local?

What local support qualifications and skills are available (and can be helpful) to the project?

Source: juwi

Meeting stakeholders en route …

Local authorities must be informed and residents be aware of what is coming and blocking their roads.

Be connected … to local farmers & authorities

• regional contracting

• no permanent damage to farming

Road construction for heavy loads

regional contracting, regional incomeimproved infrastructure

Foundations and electrical connection with local input

Local contractors for concrete and electrics

Heavy construction equipment: cranes and other lifting gear

Local skill development

6. Operation

• Connection => grid operators

• Commissioning => grid operators / investors

• Test phase => manufacturers / O&M

• Take over => investors

• Operation & Maintenance => O&M agents / local?

• Access for maintenance and repair => O&M agents / local?

• Local resident management => Operators?

• Tourism / Visitor Management => tourist office

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Operational Management: Remote Control

Rotor blade inspection & maintenance

What skills are available?

Damage to gear boxes

Replacement and repair in Vietnam – or abroad?

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Professional O&M

• Operational control (24 h / 7/7 / 365)

• Routine maintenance & safety

• Breakdown management

• Production and revenue management

Everybody has a stake in wind projects

• Local residents and international investors

• Engineers and tourism managers

• Banks and grid operators

• Turbine manufacturers and electricity consumers

• …

Professional project management is to keep everybody happy.

(Within reason!)

Transformation to renewables …

Vision for Vietnam

Vietnam has a large wind resource.Is 100% possible here?

A simplified calculation:Power consumption in Vietnam: 101 TWh p.a.On a good site 2,600 full load hrs are possible.

Enercon E-126 7.5 MW @2.600 hrs = 19.5 GWh5,180 wind turbines = 101 TWh

Plus: Vietnam has sun (67 GW = 100%) and bio energies …

(Oil, coal, and natural gas are too valuable to be burnt quickly!)

The pot of gold at end of the rainbow:advantages to renewable communities

• basic production of clean (CO2-free) energy• local participation => local income• income for land owners from land rent• income from taxes• money saved for energy “imports”• advantages for local industry: power at defined prices

Global climate and resource protection and local income.

If you have questions, do not hestitate to contact

Dr. Josef Pesch

fesa GmbHWippertstr. 2D-79100 FreiburgGermany

=> [email protected]