www.njctl.org 2 nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land Classwork #1 Name: __________________________ 2 nd Grade PSI Wind is moving air. You can’t see it, but you can tell it’s there. Look at the pictures. Draw how each object would look if the wind was blowing. a flag a kite a pile of leaves
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www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
Classwork #1 Name: __________________________
2nd Grade PSI
Wind is moving air. You can’t see it, but you can tell it’s there. Look at the pictures. Draw how each object would look if the wind was blowing.
a flag
a kite
a pile of leaves
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
Complete the diagram to show how wind is created. Write the steps in the correct order on the line:
a. Cooler air that is nearby moves in to take the place of warmer air.
b. Sun warms the land. c. Land warms the air which rises.
WOW FACT: The fastest wind speed ever recorded on Earth is 253mph. This is nothing compared to the winds on Neptune. Wind whips around at speeds of more than 1,200 mph! That is as fast as a fighter jet!
avoided. (Think about what the farmers’ could have done.) ______________________________________ ______________________________________
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
Homework #3 Name: __________________________
2nd Grade PSI
A windbreak is a barrier that helps prevent erosion. It stops wind from blowing across land and carrying away soil. This picture shows a sand dune. The grasses on the sand dune act as a windbreak and trap the sand.
This image shows the effects of wind and water erosion after Hurricane Sandy. Some beaches were 10 feet lower and the sand from dunes was moved 118 feet inland. On the lines, write a caption for this photo. Use specific vocabulary.
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
Classwork #4 Name: __________________________
2nd Grade PSI
Water erosion creates different types of landforms. Write the letter that matches the definition of each landform on the line.
1. ____delta A. an area of low land
surrounded by hills or
mountains
2. ____waterfall B. small piece of land formed
when rivers leave rocks and
sand on way to lakes and
oceans
3. ____valley C. a cascade of water over a
cliff
4. ____canyon D. a deep valley with high sides,
often with a river flowing
through it.
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
Number the sentences 1-4 to show the correct
sequence of how a canyon is formed.
______ After a long time, a deep canyon is formed.
______ The streams become rivers and carry away
bits of dirt and sand.
______ As the rain runs over the ground, it forms
small streams.
______ At first, the rain begins to fall.
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
delta erosion canyon waterfall valley water 1 1
Homework #4 Name: __________________________
2nd Grade PSI
Complete the sentences using words from the box below.
_____________ is the movement of soil from one
place to another. It is almost always caused by wind
and ________. Water erosion creates different
landforms. A__________ is a small piece of land
formed when rivers move large amounts of soil. A
__________ is a low land surrounded by hills or
mountains. The Grand __________ was formed
over millions of years by the Colorado River. A
__________ is also called a cascade. It is a body of
water’s fall over a rocky ledge. Water erosion even
creates caves.
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
Classwork #5 Name: __________________________
2nd Grade PSI
The Earth’s surface is constantly changing. Sometimes the changes are slow and sometimes the changes are rapid. Erosion is an example of slow changes. Earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides and even volcanoes cause rapid changes. Look at the pictures below. Decide whether they show slow or rapid changes. Cut them out sort them.
volcano Tsunami wind erosion
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
Earthquake
Glaciers landslide
water erosion
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
Slow Changes Rapid Changes
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
Homework #5 Name: __________________________
2nd Grade PSI
Match each description with the term from the word
bank. If it is an event that occurs suddenly, put a star
next to the number.
flood hurricane water erosion
wind erosion waves
1. _______________ Wind and waves from these
tropical storms cause coastal damage.
2. _______________ The Colorado River created
the Grand Canyon due to this.
3. _______________ After a heavy rainfall, this
type of event can damage surrounding areas.
4. _______________ The ocean constantly
changes the shape of the beach because of this.
5. _______________ Rock landforms in the desert
are formed because of this.
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
Classwork #6 Name: __________________________
2nd Grade PSI
Coastal erosion is the wearing away of beaches and coastal land. It is mainly caused by waves. Storms can also cause costal erosion. Look at the images taken by Patrick Barnard of San Francisco’s Ocean Beach. Think of a technique that could have slowed the erosion of the beach. Explain how the technique works. __________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
terracing seawall jetty breakwater
Homework #6 Name: __________________________
2nd Grade PSI
Use the words in the box to complete the riddles about reducing coastal erosion.
1. I am a wall built in the same direction as the ocean to reduce water erosion by waves and currents. I am a ___________________
2. I am a wall built along the coast to protect the
area from erosion by strong waves and storms. I am a _______________________
3. I am a technique used by farmers to reduce
water erosion. I am ___________________
4. I am a wall that goes into the ocean. I am a _________________
5. Explain why it is important for people to change
their behavior to prevent coastal erosion. ______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
Classwork #7 Name: __________________________
2nd Grade PSI
Draw a line to match from each animal to a landform that would be a good home for it. canyon
valley bat
dune
bighorn sheep
delta
rattlesnake
cave
fawn
crab
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
Select one of the animals from above. Write a paragraph about the animal and what it needs to survive. Explain why the landform would be a good home for the animal. __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
Homework #7 Name: __________________________
2nd Grade PSI
Cool Caves A cave is a hole in the Earth formed by millions
of years of erosion. Most caves form when water flows through
cracks in underground rocks. This causes the rock to dissolve. When more water washes away the rock, a hole is left. This is now a cave! Caves can also be formed by ocean waves and lava from volcanoes.
Caves are cold, dark and wet. However, many animals still make their homes inside of them. Bats live at the opening of caves. They hibernate in them during winter. Bears sometimes hibernate in caves, too. Crickets, centipedes, earthworms, and spiders live in caves. There are some animals that only live in caves. These animals are able to survive in total darkness. Many are blind or have no eyes at all. Salamanders, shrimp and cavefish are adapted to life in caves and could not survive anywhere else.
People like to explore caves to learn about the Earth and to challenge themselves. This is called spelunking. Spelunkers need helmets, flashlights, warm clothing and ropes to safely explore caves. Caves are exciting, but can also be dangerous. It is easy to fall or get lost in caves. Guided tours are ways to keep the cave and the explorers safe.
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
Use Cool Caves to answer the questions. 1. Write the letter that matches the bold word from
the passage to the definition. Reread the passage for context clues to help you.
____cave a. spend the winter asleep ____hibernate b. exploration of a cave ____adapted c. a large hole in the Earth ____spelunking d. adjust to new conditions
2. List three ways caves can form.
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
3. Why do people like to explore caves? Circle the
answer. a. For a challenge. b. To learn about the Earth. c. Both a and b.
www.njctl.org 2nd Grade PSI Wind, Water & Land
4. Name three animals that can only survive in a cave. _____________________