Laboratory work Laboratorij za termoenergetiko Wind energy: Operational characteristics of the wind turbine
Laboratory work
Laboratorij za termoenergetiko
Wind energy: Operational characteristics of the wind turbine
Objectives
Operational characteristics of the wind turbine 2
Get to know the operation of the wind turbine and define the
characteristics of the wind power plant, to measure the electrical current and electrical voltage at different load of the turbine, to
calculate maximum power, critical wind speed and efficiency
Wind turbine
Operational characteristics of the wind turbine
Wind turbine
Operational characteristics of the wind turbine
The conversion of kinetic energy into electrical energy
Operational characteristics of the wind turbine
Theoretical background
Operational characteristics of the wind turbine 6
𝑊𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑚 ∙𝑣02
2
Maximal kinetic energy of the wind
𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝜌 ∙ 𝐴1 ∙ 𝑣0 ∙𝑣02
2
Maximal power of the wind:
𝑃𝑑𝑒𝑗 = η𝑎 ∙ η𝑖 ∙ η𝑚 ∙ η𝑅 ∙ η𝐺 ∙ 𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥
Real power of the wind
ηa … aerodynamic efficiencyηi … internal efficiencyηm … mechanical efficiencyηR …. Efficiency of multiplicatorηG … generator efficiency
Experimental rig
Operational characteristics of the wind turbine
Experimental work
Measurements:
Electrical current
Electrical voltage
Wind speed
Rotational frequency
• Calculate:
Power of the generator 𝑃 = 𝑈 ∙ 𝐼
wind turbine efficiency
Operational characteristics of the wind turbine 8
Optimal electrical load determination
• Measuring of U and I at different electrical resistances (R) at maximum possible
wind speed in the wind tunnel.
• Determination of the electrical resistance for maximum electrical power of the
generator.
9
𝑅 𝒊
t U [V] I [A]
𝑡1 𝑢1 𝑖1
𝑡2 𝑢2 𝑖3
𝑡3 𝑢3 𝑖4
𝑡4 𝑢4 𝑖5
⋮ ⋮
𝑡𝑛 𝑢𝑛 𝑖𝑛
𝑢𝑖𝑛
𝑖𝑛𝑛 𝑃𝑖 = 𝑈 ∙ 𝐼
Operational characteristics of the wind turbine
Electrical currents, voltages and power of generator
Operational characteristics of the wind turbine
Power
Current
Resistance
Voltage
Charateristics of the wind turbine
• The optimal load set up for maximum power
• Measuring of el. currents, voltages, rotational frequency and wind speed.
11Operational characteristics of the wind turbine
Power
Speed
TASKS
• Mesure the electrical current and the voltage at different
loads of wind turbine
• Draw the I (U) and P(U) characteristics and determine
maximum power and resistance (load) at maximum
power
• Draw the P(v) CHARACTERISTICS
• Calculate the efficiency of the wind turbine
Operational characteristics of the wind turbine