William Battaglin, Kelly Smalling, Paul Bradley, and Tim Reilly: all at USGS With help from: lots of others Supported by: USGS-NPS Partnership, USGS Toxics Program, and USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative From Rocky Mountain High to Below LoDo: Hormones, Pesticides, Endocrine Disrupters, and other CECs in Remote and not-so-Remote Colorado Locations
25
Embed
William Battaglin, Kelly Smalling, Paul Bradley, and Tim Reilly: all at USGS With help from: lots of others Supported by: USGS-NPS Partnership, USGS Toxics.
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
William Battaglin, Kelly Smalling, Paul Bradley, and Tim Reilly: all at USGSWith help from: lots of others
Supported by: USGS-NPS Partnership, USGS Toxics Program, and USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative
From Rocky Mountain High to Below LoDo: Hormones, Pesticides, Endocrine
Disrupters, and other CECs in Remote and not-so-Remote Colorado Locations
• Contaminants of Emerging Concern• Typically unregulated man-made
• Over 60 million commercially available chemicals
• Over 300,000 inventoried or regulated chemicals
• Not all bad – many improve quality of life• Using our newest and best and really
expensive methods we can quantify about 300 CECs in water or sediment
• New methods may eventually allow for “total screening”
What are CECs?
USGS is focusing on occurrence, fate, transport, and environmental effects
USGS is mandated to conduct research for DOI Agencies
• NPS “Partnership” programs:Toxics ProgramUSGS-NPS Water Quality
Partnership ProgramNPS providing logistical supportEPA also is partnering with NPS so
we have all 3 working together in some placesAlso partnered with State during
2013 flood
USGS CECs Research
• Pharmaceuticals and CECs can include: Drugs, personal care products, pesticides, industrial chemicals, metals
• Hormones are naturally released by animals (including humans) and plants.
• Some hormones used by humans, stock, and pets in various drugs
• A fraction of CECs and hormones used or “released” ends up in nearby water or sediment
• Pharmaceuticals, CECs, Hormones can:• persist for months or years• affect wildlife at very low concentrations• alter ecosystems at low concentrations• move far from their point-of-deposition
Why worry about drugs, hormones, or CECs in Colorado’s Streams and Lakes?
Why worry about very low concentrations of some
contaminants?• Affect wildlife at very low concentrations• Is the Paracelsian presumption that “the
dose makes the poison” wrong?• For EDC’s and hormones the answer -
“yes”• U-shaped, n-shaped, Jet Star-shaped • Review by Vandenberg et al., 2012 states
“non-monotonic responses and low-dose effects are remarkably common in studies of natural hormones and EDCs”
• Same study states that “the timing of exposure is profoundly important to detect low-dose effects of EDCs”
• Detection levels in nanograms per liter for water and micrograms per kilogram for sediment• Water - ~150 in 2012, ~200 in
2013• Sediment -~75 both years• Also Total Estero, nutrients, ions• Histology, Vitellogenin
Monitoring Methods
• 16 sites on streams or ponds in Rocky Mountain NP• Some front-country,
some back-country • 3 sites in Denver below
numerous WWTP outfalls
Study Sites:
• Water is very clean• Only 1 wetlands with SC over
100, median of all sample = 20• 54 chemicals detected (~25% of
ones looked for)• 14 chemical detected in more than
10% of samples• Cholesterol in 73% of samples• >15,000 ng/L – high in lakes
• Caffeine in 61%, >750 ng/L• Camphor in 43%, 73 ng/L• Beta-Sitosterol in 25%, 119 ng/L• Lidocaine in 36%, > 1000 ng/L• DEET in 36%, 80 ng/L• P –Cresol in 33%, 56 ng/L• Isophorone in 27%, 21 ng/L
ROMO Results I - Water
• Sediment is less clean• 45 chemicals detected (60% of
those looked for)• 23 chemical detected in more
than 10% of samples, 7 in more than 50%• Indole in 98% of samples• 3-Methyl-1H-indole in 96%• P –Cresol in 95%• Beta-Sitosterol in 95%• Cholesterol in 86%• Beta-Stigmastanol in 71%• 2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene in