Wibree Report

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WIBREE TECHNOLOGY

Technical Seminar Report

Submitted to M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology (Autonomous InstituteAffiliated to VTU, Belgaum) in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the

award of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERINGIn

TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERINGFor the Academic Year 2012-13

Submitted ByRohan.S.Nadagouda

1MS09TE060

Under the guidance of

DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING,

M.S.RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,

(Autonomous Institute affiliated to VTU),

BANGALORE 560054

Internal Guide:

Prof. S.G.Shivprasad YadavAsst. ProfessorDept. of Telecommunication Engg,

MSRIT, Bangalore 560 054

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April 2013

M.S.RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY(Autonomous Institute Affiliated to VTU)

Vidya Soudha, Jnana Gangothri MSR Nagar,Bangalore- 560 054, Karnataka

Department of Telecommunication Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Technical seminar /Project work entitled Wibree

Technology carried out by Rohan.S.Nadagouda (1MS09TE060), a bonafide

student of M.S.Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, in partial fulfillment

for the award of Bachelor of Engineering in Telecommunication Engineering, of

the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaumduring the year 2012-2013.

It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for Internal Assessment

have been incorporated in the Report. The Seminar Report has been approved as

it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of Seminar work prescribed for

the said Degree.

Prof.S.G.Shivprasad Yadav Dr. K.Natarajan.Asst. Professor Professor and Head,Dept of TC Engg. Dept. of TC Engg,MSRIT MSRIT

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

No work is complete without due recognition being given to persons who made it

possible. My project is no exception. I would like to place on record, profound

gratitude for those who have mattered the most in the successful completion of

the project.

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Prof. S.G.Shivprasad Yadav the

internal guide for their constant encouragement, continuous feedback and sparing

their valuable time for discussion.

I am grateful to Dr.K.Natarajan, Prof. and Head, Dept of Telecommunication

Engineering for his moral support given at various stages.

I wish to express my gratitude to the BTech project coordinator K.RShobha.

I also wish to express my sincere thanks to our principal Dr. S Y Kulkarni for

his inspiration and support at various stages of the project.

Last but not the least I would like to thank our staff members, all those who have

helped me in the completion of the project.

Rohan.S.Nadagouda - 1MS09TE060

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ABSTRACT

Now a day the wireless technologies are more in use and are widely evolving.

Some of the technologies now in use are Wi-Fi, Wi-max, Zigbee, and Bluetooth.

Out of which Bluetooth is most popular. These technologies are widely used

to connect the large devices like mobile phones or personal computers. No other

existing wireless technologies will connect with small button cell battery devices

so effectively. So the Nokia introduced the new radio technology called Wibree

Technology.

Wibree is the first open technology offering connectivity between mobile devices

or personal computers, and small, button cell battery power devices such as

watches, wireless keyboards, toys and sports & health care sensors. Wibree is a

short range, wireless technology featuring ultra-low power consumption, a

lightweight protocol stack.

Wibree is intended to compliment Bluetooth communications in certain PAN

applications where small, lightweight design makes standard Bluetooth

communication unsuitable or difficult. For instance, Bluetooth-enabled

wristwatches require relatively large transmitters and batteries, making the

devices heavy and uncomfortable. Wibree-enabled wristwatches can use smaller

transmitters and smaller batteries, increasing user comfort and reducing fatigue

while extending battery life.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION:..............................................................................................61.1 History:...........................................................................................61.2 What is Wibree?.............................................................................71.3 How does Wibree works?..............................................................8

2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION:.......................................................................83. WIBREE IMPLEMENTATION:.......................................................................11

3.1 Wibree Single mode implementation:..........................................11

3.2 Wibree-Bluetooth Dual mode implementation: ..........................114. WIBREE, ZIGBEE AND BLUETOOTH:........................................................124.1 Detailed Technology Comparison:..............................................134.2 Difference between Wibree and Bluetooth:.................................154.3 Difference between Wibree and Zigbee:......................................16

5. WIBREE APPLICATIONS:..............................................................................166. ADVANTAGES:...............................................................................................177. COMPANIES USING WIBREE TECHNOLOGY...........................................188. FUTURE WITH WIBREE:...............................................................................199. CONCLUSION:.................................................................................................20REFERENCES ......................................................................................................21

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1. INTRODUCTION:

Wibree is a new radio technology developed by Nokia. It consumes only a

fraction of the power compared to other such radio technologies, enabling smaller

and less costly implementations and it is easy to integrate with Bluetooth

solutions.

In 2001, Nokia researchers determined that there were various scenarios

that contemporary wireless technologies did not address. To address the problem,Nokia Research Centre started the development of a wireless technology adapted

from the Bluetooth standard which would provide lower power usage and price

while minimizing difference between Bluetooth and the new technology. The

results were published in 2004 using the name Bluetooth Low End Extension.

After further development with partners, e.g., within EUFP6 project MIMOSA,

the technology was released to public in October 2006 with brand name Wibree.

After negotiations with Bluetooth SIG members, in June 2007, an agreement was

reached to include Wibree in future Bluetooth specification as a Bluetooth ultra-

low-power technology, now known as Bluetooth low energy technology.

The associated technologies like Bluetooth can be used to transmit audio and

media files, Wibree is designed to extend this network by serving applications that

transmit only small amounts of data and where size and cost are priorities. Many

applications that were not cost-effective using existing Bluetooth technology, such

as wirelessly controlled toys, watches, medical and sports sensors, and a range of

other applications that have not been conceived yet, might be developed using

Wibree technology

1.1 History:

Around 2001, the Nokia Research Center was looking at options for future

personal wireless networking. The company realized that there was roomfor developing an ultra-low power, wireless technology that could interface cost-

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effectively with a large variety of existing and future devices, which, until now

had not been effectively served by available existing technologies. Towards this

end, Nokia decided to create a new open wireless protocol, and now, along with

its

partners Broadcom Corporation, CSR, Epson, and Nordic Semiconductor, is

working to bring it to market.

There is an irony in the fact that the origins of Wibree were the alternative

proposal for the radio and Media Access Controller (MAC) for the 802.15.4

standard, which is now the basis of ZigBee and other short range radio networks.

Back in 2001 two industry groups put forward proposals for the form of this radio.

Nokia headed one of the groups and proposed a development that was handset

centric. A major tenet of their design was that it can be deployed with minor

effort into devices already having Bluetooth, e.g. cell phones with the added

requirement that a common RF section with Bluetooth must be possible. Their

vision was also broader that of the competing camp in that it envisaged a world of

a trillion wireless, web connected devices. Wibree would use only a fraction of

the power consumed by today's Bluetooth chips, resulting in a much longer

battery life and more compact devices. While Bluetooth can be used to transmit

audio and media files, Wibree is designed to extend this network by serving

applications that transmit only small amounts of data and where size and cost are

priorities.

1.2 What is Wibree?

Wibree which is now known as Ultra Low Power (ULP) Bluetooth, or even

Bluetooth low energy - is radio technology for small, button cell battery-powered

devices, such as watches, wireless keyboards, and gaming and sports sensors.

These objects can then connect to Bluetooth-enabled host devices, whether

computers or mobile phones Potentially, it could play a part in Bluetooth

becoming the de facto wireless technology forof the wireless Internet. As its

name suggests

the ultra-low power lower power consumption. To complete the mix of RF

technologies, there is also Zigbee. This is a low-power networking technology

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supporting thousands of nodes, whereas ULP Bluetooth would link a small

number of nodes to a host device, such as computer or phone.

Nordic Semiconductor has become one of the first members

joining the Wibree open initiative and is member of the Wibree specification

group. Other members include CSR, Broadcom, Epson, Suunto, and Taiyo Yuden.

Specification work for Wibree is currently under way. The technology will be

made broadly available to the industry through an open and preferably existing

forum. The

specification details a short-range RF communication technology featuring ultra-

low power consumption, a lightweight protocol stack and integration with

Bluetooth. Wibree operates in the globally accepted 2.4 GHz ISM (Industrial,

Scientific & Medical) band.

Wibree, also called "Baby Bluetooth," is a low-powerwireless local area

network (WLAN) technology that facilitates interoperability among mobile and

portable consumer devices such as pager s, personal digital assistants (PDAs),

wireless computer peripherals, entertainment devices.

1.3 How does Wibree works?

Wibrees main application is to provide an ultra-low power radio within the

2.4GHz band. It gains its low power by being able to wake up, send data and

return to sleep very quickly. Wibree is aiming to produce a radio that can transmit

a small packet of data approximately every second for a year using a small button

cell, such as a CR2430, with a capacity of around 280mAH .And it should be

frequency agile to help it work in the presence of interference

2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION:Wibree is designed to work side-by-side with and complement Bluetooth. It

operates in 2.4 GHzISM band with physical layer bit rate of 1Mbit/s. Main

applications include devices such as wrist watches, wireless keyboards, toys and

sports sensors where low power consumption is a key design requirement. Wibree

is not designed to replace Bluetooth, but rather to complement the technology in

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supported devices. Bob Iannucci, head of Nokias Research Center, claims the

technology is up to ten times more efficient than Bluetooth. Reportedly,

it

will have an output power around -6dBm.Respective test environment

specifications to normalize and directly compare the offered alternatives are not

available.

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Technical Specification Wibree -Bluetooth low energy

Radio frequency 2.4 GHz

Distance/Range 200 m (660 ft)

Over the air data rate 1 Mb/s

Application throughput 0.2 Mb/s

Security 128-bit encryption

Total time to send data

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3. WIBREE IMPLEMENTATION:

There are two types of Wibree implementations-

Wibree stand-alone.

Wibree-Bluetooth dual-mode.

3.1 Wibree Single mode implementation:

The single mode is the one that truly delivers the ultra-low power consumption by

being a pure low energy implementation. While classic Bluetooth solutions

typically provides battery lifetime of days to weeks on a rechargeable battery,

single mode Bluetooth low energy technology implementation can provide

months to years of lifetime on a standard coin cell battery. The Wibree stand-

alone chip is designed for use with applications which require extremely lowpower consumption, small size, low cost and where only small quantities of data

are transferred. Its an ideal solution for small devices (like heart-rate monitors)

that use only short data messages and must have long battery life.

Examples of devices that would benefit from the Wibree stand-alone chip are:

watches, sports and wellness devices and human interface devices (HID) such as

wireless keyboards.

3.2 Wibree-Bluetooth Dual mode implementation:

The dual mode combines classic and low energy Bluetooth on a single chip at a

very small price delta compared to a classic Bluetooth chip. In addition the radio

circuitry is also shared between the classic radio and the low energy radio. The

dual

mode is designed to enable fast adoption of low energy in classic Bluetooth

applications like mobile phones and PC by providing a very low cost delta as well

as removing the need to add another radio. Several major mobile phone vendors

have indicated that they will adopt dual mode devices in their upcoming phones.

The Bluetooth-Wibree dual-mode chip is designed for use in Bluetooth devices. In

this type of implementation, Wibree functionality can be integrated with

Bluetooth for a minor incremental cost by utilizing key Bluetooth components and

the

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existing Bluetooth RF. This type of implementation allows Bluetooth devices to

connect to a new range of tiny battery-powered devices.

Examples of devices that would benefit from the Bluetooth-Wibree dual-mode

chip are mobile phones and personal computers.

4. WIBREE, ZIGBEE AND BLUETOOTH:

Bluetooth is a great technology and brand, adopted worldwide. Bluetooth

is widely used in mobile devices like PCs and phones, as well as in wireless

headsets. However, other products relying on button cell batteries as a source ofpower, e.g. watches, toys and human interface devices, are not served effectively

by Bluetooth.

ZigBee is a specification for a suite of high level communication protocols using

small, low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4-2003 standard for

wireless personal area networks (WPANs), such as wireless headphones

connecting with cell phones via short-range radio. The technology defined by the

ZigBee

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specification is intended to be simpler and less expensive than other WPANs,

such as Bluetooth. ZigBee is targeted at radio-frequency (RF) applications that

require a low data rate, long battery life, and secure networking. The ZigBee

Alliance is a group of companies that maintain and publish the ZigBee standard.

ZigBee is a low-cost, low-power, wireless mesh networking.

4.1 Detailed Technology Comparison:

4.2.1 Frequency Band

All three technologies operate in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz spectrum, while Zigbee

can also operate at reduced speeds at 915MHz and 868 MHz

4.2.2 Antenna and Hardware

Wibree s adoption into the Bluetooth spec was directly related to the fact that it

can coexist on BT hardware. Devices that wish to take advantage of both

Bluetooth and Wibree will not need to add extra hardware; one antenna will do for

both. Zigbee support, however, requires its own hardware and antenna.

4.2.3 Power and Battery LifeZigbee, designed to be a low-power alternative to Bluetooth, offers 30mW

performance compared to Bluetooths 100mW. However, Dr. Bob Iannucci,

Senior Vice President and Technology Advisor at Nokia, claims that Wibree is

up to 10

times more energy efficient than Bluetooth, putting Wibree around 10mW.

Zigbee is designed to run for six months to two years on just two AA batteries.

This results from its ability to lock into a transmission time slot and sleep in

between. Bluetooth, however, must stay awake for the convenience of quick

response time, which results in battery life on the order of days. This led to

Wibree s design goal of 1-2 years on a single battery.

4.2.4 Range

Both Bluetooth and Wibree are designed to operate within a 10m range, though

Bluetooth 2.1 now states a maximum range of 30m. Zigbee, being designed to

enable home and industry automation, allows a maximum range of 75m.

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4.2.5 Data Rate

Wibree has caught up to Bluetooths original data rate at 1Mbps, while Bluetooth

has proceeded to reach maximum rates of 3Mbps. Zigbee intentionally lags far

behind these numbers, sacrificing data rates for power savings, and so transmits

only 20-250Kbps.

4.2.6 Component Cost

In 2003, when Zigbee was targeting a $2 component cost, Bluetooth support cost

$5 per device. Now Bluetooth pricing has fallen to $3, while Zigbee costs $2.

More importantly, integrating Wibree into an existing Bluetooth implementation

adds around 20, making Wibree a much more attractive addition to Bluetooth-

enabled devices than Zigbee.

4.2.7 Network Topologies

Bluetooth and Wibree operate primarily in ad hoc piconets, where a master device

controls multiple slaves. These piconets are limited to 8 devices. Zigbee has far

greater flexibility in this arena, supporting mesh and star configurations. Mesh

networks offer resilience against severed connections, as Coordinator devices can

reroute traffic as needed. Star configurations at the ends of the mesh allow clusters

of Zigbee devices to interact with the outside world,While the mesh devices focus

on data transmission.

4.2.8 Security

All three technologies support state-of-the-art 128-bit encryption, and all threecontinue to be scrutinized for key distribution vulnerabilities and the like.

4.2.9 Time to Wake and Transmit

One of Zigbees greatest strengths over Bluetooth has been its freedom to sleep

often. This comes from its quick wake-from-sleep design. A Zigbee device can

wake up and get a packet across a network connection in around 15 milliseconds,

while a Bluetooth device would take 3 seconds. A Wibree device would

presumably behave more like the Zigbee device, but this remains to be seen.

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Table of Feature comparisons:

4.2 Difference between Wibree and Bluetooth:

Wibree differs from Bluetooth in several fundamental ways.

1. Recent Bluetooth specifications, notably 2.0, are designed with

an emphasis on throughput, ordata transfer speed. Bluetooth 2.0 devices

can exceed speeds of 350kb/s under ideal conditions. This is about three

times the maximum speed of planned Wibree devices, which transfer data

no faster than.128 kbps. The tradeoff comes to light in terms of power,

space and weight savings. Current Bluetooth- enabled wrist watches must

replace their large, specialty batteries on a monthly basis. Planned Wibree

models, with comparable features, can last over a year on a single standard

button battery. Bluetooth uses a frequency hopping technology to avoid

interference from other devices operating in the same frequency. Wibree

does not use frequency hopping.

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2. Bluetooth uses fixed packet length. This increases power usage as unnec

essary transmission occurs. Wibree has a variable packet length and

transmits only when necessary

.

3. Bluetooth drains your cell phone battery as it needs quite a lot of power

to remain active. Wibree aims to survive for a full year on a button sized

battery. In contrast to Bluetooth, wibree goes into sleep mode when not

transmitting. In sleep mode the radio will be off and will save a lot

of power. Wibree devices wake up only when they want to transmit.

4. The major usage difference between wibree and Bluetooth is the traffic

characteristics. Bluetooth is useful when transferring files, using the hands

free etc where the volume of data that needs to to transfered is

considerable.

5. Wibree is used in areas where an only short burst of data needs to

be transmitted. Remotes, sensor data etc.

4.3 Difference between Wibree and Zigbee: Wibree is a PAN (Personal Area Networking) technology

Zigbee is a mesh networking technology

Wibree is more power efficient

Zigbee has got more range

Wibrees data transfer rate is 1 Mbps

Zigbee Data transfer rate is 250 Kbps

Wibree has got a star topology

Zigbee has got a mesh topology

Wibree uses Bluetooth radio and can co-exist with Bluetooth

Zigbee needs its own special radio and has got no relationship with Bluetooth.

5. WIBREE APPLICATIONS:

Sports-

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Sensors in sports equipment .Example- heart rate belt

Sports monitoring devices. Example Pedometer (Is a device that counts each

step a person takes by detecting the motion of persons hips)

Health Care-

Blood pressure monitor. Illness treatment.

Home

Gaming senor

Home senor and switches

Office

Mobile Phone Accessories

Wireless Mouse

Automotive

Monitoring. Example - Tire pressure monitor

Alarms.

Watch

Altimeter

Out of range services

6. ADVANTAGES:Wibree is the first wireless technology to solve the following needs in a single

solution. Ultra low peak and average power consumption in both active and idle

modes.

Ultra low cost and small size for accessories and human interface devices (HID).

Minimal cost and size addition to mobile phones and pcs.

Global, intuitive and secure multi-vendor interoperability.

DISADVANTAGES:

Data transmission is very slow, i.e., only 1 megabit per second.

Cannot be used in high bandwidth required applications.

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7. COMPANIES USING WIBREE TECHNOLOGY

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8. FUTURE WITH WIBREE:

As we are using Bluetooth headset we can go for Wibree headset as well.

Consumer to Machine Application (C2M).

We can use Wibree technology as the alternative for all the existing

Bluetooth devices.

In Wibree Plantronics headset have better voice quality than existing.

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9. CONCLUSION:

Taking all of these factors together, Wibree has the potential to transform

consumer devices. It will solve the technology and monitoring issues that are

currently hindering the adoption of wireless healthcare services and enable a

whole new generation of lifestyle, monitoring and safety products. By making the

mobile handset the gateway, it brings the network operators into the equation.

And they have the resources to aggregate and enable service provision.

Today Wibree is a Nokia solution. However, it is being supported by the major

Bluetooth chip vendors including Cambridge Silicon Radio and Broadcom. That

means it will reside within the chips in almost every brand of handset. It is

unlikely that other phone vendors will not take advantage of its presence, not least

because it offers the network operators an additional revenue stream. Its presence

will make it very difficult for any other short range, low power wireless

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technology to gain traction in the handset, ensuring that Wibree is placed to own

the wireless healthcare market.

It may not become the accepted acronym, but Wibree will enable C2M -

Consumer to Machine or Consumer to Middleware applications at a price

point that makes them mass market. M2M is only just beginning to deliver against

its promises. Wibree may result in C2M delivering an even larger promise in a

shorter timescale.

REFERENCES

[1] Mr. Devang G. Chavda, Mr. Gaurav N Mehta, Mr. Jimish K. Desai, Mr. Nitin

K. Nakum, Miss Ashita A Brahmwar / International Journal of Engineering

Research and Applications (IJERA). WIBREE Technology with Bluetooth, Vol.

2, Issue 3, , pp. 400-403,May-Jun 2012.

[2] Keli, Dept. of Autom., Wuhan Univ. of Technol., Wuhan, China ,Better Power

Management of Wireless Sensor Network, Intelligent Human-Machine Systems

and Cybernetics, 2009. IHMSC '09. IEEE,Vol.2,pp 103 -106,Aug 2009.

[3] Understanding Range a white paper from EZURiO explaining wireless

range,January, 2009.

[4] John Kooker.Bluetooth, ZigBee, and Wibree: A Comparison of WPAN

Technologies, November 20, 2008

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