Why ? Why were the British even interested in the Colonization of India? Answer: Resources, Raw Materials, Taxation of the People, World Trade Opportunities.

Why ?

• Why were the British even interested in the Colonization of India?

• Answer: Resources, Raw Materials, • Taxation of the People, World Trade Opportunities.

British East India British East India Company AgentsCompany Agents

1-E

Coins of the Coins of the British East India British East India

Co.Co.

1719 coin 1804 coin1719 coin 1804 coin

Coffee House in Coffee House in British India British India

Sepoy soldiers= Sepoy soldiers= Indian Soldiers Indian Soldiers

who join the who join the British British

Colonial ArmyColonial Army

1-F

Sir Robert CliveSir Robert Clive

1-G

The British fight, along with their Indian Colonial Sepoys, to conquer the continent of India

Battle of Plassey: Battle of Plassey: 17571757

1-H

Why wasWhy wasBritainBritain

so successfulso successfulin Indiain India

by the endby the endof the 18c??of the 18c??

1-I

India in mid-18cIndia in mid-18c

Lord CornwallisLord Cornwallis

r. 1786 - 1793r. 1786 - 17931-J

British Soldiers in British Soldiers in India, India,

1830s1830s

The British Start Imposing their Laws on the Indian

People

• The British outlaw the practice of a Indian wife throwing herself onto the funeral pyre of her dead husband= Sati

• The British begin forcing the people of India to support British Trade by producing British Cotton, Tea, and Opium

Outlawing Suttee (sati) Outlawing Suttee (sati)

British Opium British Opium Warehouse Warehouse

in in Patna, Patna,

India India

Selling Patna Selling Patna Opium in Opium in

ChinaChina

India: 18c-early India: 18c-early 19c19c

Sir Raghubir Singh, Sir Raghubir Singh, Maharaja of BundiMaharaja of Bundi

The Maharaja of The Maharaja of PannahPannah

The Sepoy The Sepoy Mutiny: 1857Mutiny: 1857

2-A

Why did the Sepoy Rebellion begin?

• 1. Reduction in Salary for the Sepoy Soldiers

• 2. Insensitivity to Indian Customs• 3. Food Scarcity• 4. Heavier Tax Burden

Areas of the Sepoy Areas of the Sepoy Mutiny, Mutiny,

18571857

The Seige of The Seige of LucknowLucknow

Execution of Execution of Sepoys:Sepoys:

“The Devil’s “The Devil’s Wind”Wind”

2-B

1876:1876: Queen Victoria Queen Victoria Becomes Becomes

“Empress of “Empress of India”India”

2-D

Queen Victoria in Queen Victoria in India India

PAX BRITANNICAPAX BRITANNICA

Sikhs – Bengal Sikhs – Bengal Cavalry of the Cavalry of the British ArmyBritish Army

2-E

1515thth Ludhiana Sikhs Ludhiana Sikhs 18891889

Assorted British Assorted British Soldiers, Soldiers, 1890s1890s

A LifeA Lifeofof

Leisure!Leisure!

Br. Viceroy’s Br. Viceroy’s Daughter: Daughter:

Simla, 1863Simla, 1863

Lady Curzon, 1904Lady Curzon, 1904

Living Like a Living Like a MaharajahMaharajah

Darjeeling Railroad, Darjeeling Railroad, 1880s1880s

Simla: Little England Simla: Little England in the in the

mountains of India mountains of India

Procession of the Procession of the RajahsRajahs,,

New Delhi, 1902New Delhi, 1902

Victoria Station, Victoria Station, BombayBombay

Chartered Bank of Chartered Bank of Calcutta, Calcutta,

19151915

Theosophical Theosophical Library – Madras, Library – Madras,

19131913

What were the

BENEFITS of British rule in India??

2-F

2-G

What were the major

LIMITATIONS of British rule

in India??

the Indian National the Indian National CongressCongress 1885 1885 The Indian National The Indian National

CongressCongress was founded in Bombay. was founded in Bombay. swarajswaraj “independence.” “independence.” ** the goal of the movement. the goal of the movement.

the Muslim Leaguethe Muslim League 1905 1905 partition of Bengal partition of Bengal based onbased on religions and languages. religions and languages. 1906 1906 creation of the Muslim creation of the Muslim League. League.

Mohammed Ali JinnahMohammed Ali Jinnah

1876 - 19481876 - 1948

Young Mohandas K. Young Mohandas K. Gandhi, Gandhi,

18761876

1869 - 19481869 - 1948

Gandhi with the Gandhi with the londonlondon

vegetarian society, vegetarian society, 18901890

Gandhi as a Young Gandhi as a Young Barrister in NatalBarrister in Natal

Gandhi as a Lawyer Gandhi as a Lawyer in in

Johannesburg, So. Johannesburg, So. AfricaAfrica

Gandhi and His Gandhi and His Wife, Kasturba, Wife, Kasturba,

19151915

Amritsar Massacre, Amritsar Massacre, 19191919

379 dead; over 1200 wounded!379 dead; over 1200 wounded!

What Happened?

• The British General in charge of the area feared an Indian Rebellion

• He banned all gatherings of Indian People

• Upon hearing that thousands of women, children, and others had gathered in a garden in town, British soldiers were sent in and they opened fire in defenseless citizens

Salt March, 1930Salt March, 1930

MakingMakingSaltSalt

Satyagraha

• Peaceful Civil Disobedience

• Breaking the law to make a peaceful demonstration of resistance

• Salt March to protest ban on making salt

• Making Yarn, refusal to buy British made materials

• Speaking to Members of Parliament about Independence

• Protests, Hunger Strikes

Gandhi spinning Gandhi spinning clothcloth

Indian weaving was ruined Indian weaving was ruined by the competition of by the competition of British machine-made British machine-made

textiles!textiles!

Gandhi and His Gandhi and His Grandaughters, Grandaughters,

19471947

PartitionPartition!!

Legacy!• India has been Independent since

1947• Although India and Its neighbor

Pakistan fight over cultural/religious differences, India has managed to grow economically

• India today struggles with poverty, pollution, maintaining its cultural traditions in a modern world

Gandhi is Killed

• Gandhi is assassinated by a Hindu radical because Gandhi had tried to maintain peace an cooperation between the Muslim League and the Hindu nationalist movement