Who was to blame for The Cold War ? www.historytl.com
Who was to blame for The Cold War ? .
Mar 29, 2015
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Paper One – 2 HoursThe Big Picture
Part One – 50 minsSection B – The Cold War
1945 -75
Who was to blame for the Cold War?Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis?Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Part Two 70 minsDepth Study – Causes and
Events of the 1st World War 1890 -1918
Why was there increasing tension between the Great Powers, 1890–1914?Why did the First World War break out in 1914?What happened on the Western Front?How important were the other fronts?
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The Cold War• Why did the USA-USSR
alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948?
• How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism?
• Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR?
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RTOQUnvI3CA
A cold War is a state of political tension and military rivalry between nations that stops short of full-scale
war
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Copy down this definition
Lesson Objectives• To understand the difference
between Communism and Capitalism
• To apply this to causes of the Cold War
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• Communism - A theoretical economic system characterized by the collective ownership of property and by the organization of labor for the common advantage of all members.
• Capitalism - An economic system in which the means of production and distribution are privately or corporately owned and development is proportionate to the accumulation and reinvestment of profits.
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www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
I’m John the Capitalist
I’m Alexander the Communist
VYour challenge
Decide who would have said each statement, John or Alexander.
Look at the two sets of statements, what are the advantages and disadvantages of John’s life
Look at the two sets of statements, what are the advantages and disadvantages of Alexander’s life
Whose life is better do you think? Refer to two statements as supporting evidence
Why do you think the differences between Capitalism and Communism may have contributed to the start of the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• Draw this table in your book. Sort the key facts about each country to match each of the 3 sections (Elections, Industry, Individual Rights)
• Pick out your top 3 reasons why the 2 countries will be suspicious of each other.
USSR USA
Elections
Industry
Individual Rights
Using page 69
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Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• Write a sentence explaining what the difference is between communism and capitalism
• Now write another sentence explaining why the USA was worried about communism
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Lesson Objectives• To understand what changed
between Britain, the USA and the USSR after the end of the war
• To find out why they mistrusted each other
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
What can I learn from this source?
What other questions do I have?
What do I know already that helps explain this source?
What else do I need to know to explain this source?
Who was to blame for the Cold War?
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Are you surprised by the source?
Who was to blame for the Cold War?
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(A British Cartoon from 1941 with the caption, “love conquers all”)
What is the message of this Source ?
So are the 3 nations friends or allies ?
MESSAGE
Purpose
NatureOrigin
Own Knowledge
Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• What is the message of Source 2 ? (A British Cartoon from 1941 with the caption, “love conquers all”)
• So are the 3 nations friends or allies ?
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• Lesson Objectives
• To understand the reasons for the Yalta Conference
• To learn about the tensions and suspicions that were surfacing at that Conference and the main concerns of the 3 big powers
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
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What is the purpose of this source?
A Publicity photo of the three leaders at the Yalta Conference Feb 1945
Who was to blame for the Cold War?
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A Publicity photo of the three leaders at the Yalta Conference Feb 1945
What is the message of this Source ?
So are the 3 nations friends or allies ?
MESSAGE
Purpose
NatureOrigin
Own Knowledge
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• In February 1945 Germany was losing the war; the 3 leaders of Britain, the USA and the USSR met at Yalta to plan what would happen to Europe after Germany was defeated.
• Conference Yalta• Use page 70 to complete a table about the
decisions that were taken at this conference.• Then decide if there were any tensions over
these decisions.
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The Yalta Conference
Decisions about Germany
Decisions about the USSR
Decisions about Poland
Decisions about the UNO
Other Decisions
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Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• After World War 2, America, Britain, France and the Soviet Union could not agree on how to govern Germany.
3 western zones
Eastern Soviet zone
Berlin, also divided into 4 zones but in the centre of the Soviet zonewww.historytl.com
Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• How far do you think the decision to divide Germany would cause problems in the future?
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• Behind the Scenes at Yalta
• Use the source packs to complete the sheets about each country.
• What tensions have you found ?• Think back to the photo of the 3 leaders – is it a
true representation of their relationship?
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• Lesson Objectives
• To understand the disagreements at the Potsdam Conference
• To learn more about the breakdown in relations
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
Watch this clip about the background to the Potsdam conference; what does it reveal about the disagreements between the USA and the USSR ?• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HpYCplyBknI
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?Page 74
• Before the Potsdam Conference 3 changes had taken place since Yalta that might affect relations between the USA and the USSR.
• Use page 74 to find and explain these 3 changes
Before the Conference
Will it make it easier or more difficult to reach decisions?
1. Stalin`s Armies
2. New President
3. New Weapon
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Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• At the Conference there were disagreements.
• Use page 75 to identify what each country wanted.
• Why could the 2 countries not agree ?
What the USA wants
What the USSR wants
Germany
Reparations
Soviet Policy
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
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MESSAGE
Evidence from source
Own Knowledge
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• From page 75 list the places in Europe where Communist governments existed.
• Listen to Churchill`s speech then explain the message of the cartoon.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvax5VUvjWQ
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• What key events have allowed relations to deteriorate by 1945 ? Look at the list and decide on the order of importance.
Difference in ideologiesSuspicion of Russian intentionsTruman replacing RooseveltCommunist governments in eastern EuropeThe threat of the atomic bombComplete the following paragraph – By the end of the
Potsdam Conference relations between the USA and the USSR were not good because-
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
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MESSAGE
Evidence from source
Own Knowledge
Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
Are you surprised by this source ? Use the source and your
own knowledge to explainyour answer
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
A Publicity photo of the three leaders at the Potsdam Conference July 1945
Note the USA has a new leader!
How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_1lNxo-Xec&feature=related
What does this tell you about the expansion of the USSR ?
• Lesson Objectives• To learn about how the
USSR had expanded• To understand why they
had done so• To understand why this
caused tension with the USA
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948?
• Use the map and information on page 76 to help answer questions 1 and 2.
• What, according to Source A was Stalin`s view of the expansion of the USSR ?
Source AWhat is surprising about the fact that the Soviet Union, worried about its future safety, wants governments friendly to it in Finland, Poland and Romania? Stalin, writing in March 1946
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948?
Coalition government after the war
Winning elections
Imprison /exile /execute opposition
Members of Cominform
Put the countries in the correct column; countries can go into more than 1 column.
East Germany Poland Czechoslovakia Hungary Romania Bulgaria Albania Yugoslavia Greece
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948?
Answer the following questions using Source 24 and page 78
1. Which countries did Stalin not succeed in controlling? Why was this ?
2. How far do you agree with Churchill that Soviet expansion created an “Iron Curtain” ?
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
You have 7 minutes remember give three clear reasons
Explain why the USA was suspicious of the expansion of the USSR in Eastern Europe in 1948 (6 marks)
One reason is Another reason isMy final reason is
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism?The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan
• Lesson Objectives
• To understand what The Truman Doctrine was
• To understand how the Marshall Plan was to work
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism?
Use pages 78 and 79Intervention in Greece
Why did the USA and Britain intervene in Greece?How did they intervene in Greece?Was this intervention successful?
Intervention in Czechoslovakia Did Britain and USA intervene in Czechoslovakia?What was the result for Czechoslovakia?What has the USA learnt from these two examples
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wmQD_W8Pcxg
The Truman DoctrineWhat points are being made by Truman in this speech in 1948 ? What is the USA going to do?
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Yig30zzirU&feature=related
Watch this and review what we have learned about the relationship between the USA and the USSR and
the Truman Doctrine
Explain what the Truman Doctrine was in a maximum of 25 words
How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism?The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism?
• Use page 79 to research The Marshall Plan
• Explain why President Truman wanted this plan.
• Describe what the plan intended to do
• Explain what persuaded the American Congress to agree to this plan.
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
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MESSAGE
Evidence from source
Own Knowledge
Who was to blame for the Cold War?
How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism?The Marshal Plan
American cartoon of the Marshall Plan
How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism?
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The Truman Doctrine
The Marshall
Plan
Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR?
• Lesson Objectives
• To understand why the USSR blockaded Berlin
• To learn about the creation of NATO
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR?
watch this clip about the Berlin blockadehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqHqsYiUEwY
Under the title ‘The Berlin Blockade’ write your own account of what happened. Max 50 words
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR?
The Berlin BlockadeFind three reasons why the USSR blockaded
BerlinExplain the response from the USAWas the response successful? Give two reasons
whyPage 81
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR?
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What does NATO stand for?Why was NATO formed?
Does this increase tension?Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR?
• Lesson Objectives
• To begin to apportion blame for the start of the Cold War
• To come to a judgement as to who was more responsible
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR?
Sort the statements into three piles. Evidence Russia was to blame Evidence the USA was to blameOther factorsNow prioritize the slipsBased on this evidence who was most to blame?Copy the top three reasons for each sideWrite a conclusion based on the evidence
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GOvfNjL1CJc&feature=related
Watch this clip to revise what we have been learning.
Review all your work on this topicFind best evidence thatThe USA was to blameFind the best evidence that The USSR was to blame and write it down
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR?
• Lesson Objectives
• To review the topic• To practise use of
sources
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR?
• Remember :• Communism / capitalism• Yalta Conference• Potsdam Conference• Personalities of Truman / Stalin• Soviet expansion in eastern Europe• Idea of Superpowers• Reaction of USA – Truman Doctrine
& Marshall Plan• Berlin Blockade• NATO
www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Who was to blame for The Cold War ?Add one specific example that helped cause the Cold War for every point in the Flow MAP
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USA & USSR allies/friends
against Germany
Yalta Conference
USA trial Bomb
Truman becomes President
PotsdamConference
Intervention in Greece
Failure in Czechoslovakia
SovietExpansion in
Eastern Europe
Churchill refers to an
‘Iron Curtain’Truman Doctrine Marshal
PlanBerlin
Blockade
Cold WarMark the Events that can be seen as the
USSR causing tension in RedMark the Events that can be seen as the
USA causing tension in BlueWho was to blame for the Cold War?
www.historytl.com
Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the
USSR?
1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950
AddYalta conferenceHitler defeatedAtomic Bomb testedTruman becomes President Potsdam ConferenceIron Curtain Speech
Truman Doctrine Speech
Cominform set upMarshall Plan introducedBerlin BlockadeNATO set upBerlin Blockade liftedExamples of expansionExamples of Containment
Put on the key events between 1945 and 1950
Mark the Events that can be seen as the USSR causing tension in Red
Mark the Events that can be seen as the USA causing tension in Blue
Who was to blame for the Cold War?
www.historytl.com
Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the
USSR?
1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950
Put on the key events between 1945 and 1950Mark the Events that can be seen as the USSR causing tension in RedMark the Events that can be seen as the USA causing tension in Blue
Who was to blame for the Cold War?
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Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the
USSR?Examples of Soviet Expansion 1945-50 Examples of Soviet Expansion being contained
Poland Greece
Romania Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan
Czechoslovakia Berlin Airlift
Remember which key term refers to which countryUSA USSR
America Russia
Capitalist Communist
West Europe East Europe
Containment Expansion
Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR?
• Lesson Objectives
• To attempt exam questions
• To peer mark exam questions
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