Who theme final

WORLD HEALTH DAY

APRIL 7th 2014

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

• Specialized agency of the United Nations. (UN)• Concerned with International public health.• Established on 7 April 1948.• Headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland.• Headed by Dr. Margaret

Chan.

• The WHO organizes international, regional and local events on the day related to a particular theme.

• The designated day for celebrating the World Heath Day is 7th April.

• Each year a theme is selected that highlight a priority area of public health.

GENERAL REASONS FOR CELEBRATING WORLD HEALTH

DAY• focus on increasing the life expectancy by

promoting good health & healthier living habits

• Control of diseases through wide range of preventive measures by preventing modes of transmission

• Support all health authorities on global basis to make their own efforts for the public health problems to enhance better life

OBJECTIVES

• To increase the public awareness of various causes and prevention of diseases

• To provide detail knowledge of getting prevented from various diseases and complications

• To encourage most vulnerable group of people to frequently check their health status and follow treatment regimen

• To promote self care among people

Contd..

• To motivate the worldwide health authorities to make their own efforts in creating the healthy environments

• To protect families living in the disease vulnerable areas

• To teach travelers an how to get protected from vectors borne diseases while travelling

CELEBRATIONS

• Governments, Non governments, NGO ‘s including various health organize programmes related to public health issues and awareness

• Highlights activities and supports through the media reports like press release , news , posters etc

• Pledges, Debates, Art competitions• Theme presentation.

WORLD HEALTH DAY THEME 2014

“VECTOR BORNE

DISEASES”

IMPORTANCE

• World’ s fastest growing vector borne diseases is dengue with a 30 fold increase in disease incidence over the last 50years

• Drastic increase in global population at risk of malaria between 2000 and 2012

• In 2012, there were an estimated 207 million cases of malaria and 627000 malaria deaths

• Mostly risky cases were found in Africa and South East Asia

GOALS …

• Better protection from vector borne diseases• Universal access to prevention and

treatment

SLOGAN

• Mosquitoes, flies, ticks and bugs may be a threat to your health – and that of your family - at home and when travelling.

• This is the message of this year’s World Health Day, on 7 April. This short video highlights simple measures we can take to protect ourselves.

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE THEME

• Know before you travel• Preventing vector borne diseases• Preventing and controlling vector borne

diseases

KNOW BEFORE YOU TRAVEL

POSTERS FOR THE THEME

PREVENTING VECTOR BORNE DISEASES

• Preventing vector borne diseases being the prime end of WHO.

• Mainly focusing on vectors and vector borne diseases.

VECTORS

•Mosquitoes• Ticks• Snails• Sand flies

VECTOR BORNE DISEASES

• Dengue fever• Malaria• Leishmaniasis• Schistosomiasis• Chagas disease• Lymphatic filariasis

PREVENTING AND CONTROLLING VECTOR BORNE DISEASES

• Simple, cost-effective interventions like insecticide-treated bed nets and indoor spraying have already saved millions of lives,”- Dr Margaret Chan, WHO Director-General.

• “No one in the 21st century should die from the bite of a mosquito, a sandfly, a blackfly or a tick.”

DENGUE FEVER

• According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), more than 2.5 billion people in the world are now at risk of suffering from dengue.

• The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the primary vector of dengue.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF DENGUE FEVER

• Sudden-onset fever• Headache (typically located behind

the eyes) • Muscle and joint pains• Rash

PREVENTION AND CONTROL

• Preventing mosquitoes by environmental management and modification.

• Disposing of solid waste properly.• Covering, emptying and cleaning of domestic

water storage containers on a weekly basis.• Using of personal household protection.

WHO RESPONSE

• Supports countries in the confirmation of outbreaks.

• Provides technical support and guidance to countries.

• Supports countries to improve their reporting systems.

• Provides training on clinical management, diagnosis and vector control.

Contd..

• Applying appropriate insecticides to water storage outdoor containers

• Improving community participation.• Applying insecticides as space spraying during

outbreaks.• Active monitoring and surveillance of vectors

Contd..

• Formulates evidence-based strategies and policies.

• Develops new tools, including insecticide products and application technologies.

• Gathers official records of dengue and severe dengue from over 100 member states.

• Publishes guidelines and handbooks for case management, dengue prevention and control.

MALARIA

• Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected anopheles mosquitoes.

• In 2012, malaria caused an estimated 627 000 deaths (with an uncertainty range of 473 000 to 789 000), mostly among African children.

MALARIA

PREVENTION AND CONTROL

Vector control• Insecticide-treated mosquito nets

(ITNs)• Indoor spraying with residual

insecticides

WHO RESPONSE

• setting, communicating and promoting the adoption of evidence-based norms, standards, policies, technical strategies, and guidelines;

• keeping independent score of global progress;• developing approaches for capacity building,

systems strengthening, and surveillance;• identifying threats to malaria control and

elimination as well as new areas for action.

LEISHMANIASIS

• Leishmaniasis is caused by the protozoan Leishmania parasites which are transmitted by the bite of infected sandflies

• An estimated 1.3 million new cases and 20000 to 30 000 deaths occur annually.

CLASSIFICATION

• Cutaneous leishmaniasis• Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis • Visceral leishmaniasis

TYPES

• The cutaneous form: presents with skin ulcers• Mucocutaneous form: presents with ulcers of

the skin, mouth and nose• Viceral form: starts with skin ulcers and than

latter presents with fever, low red blood cells, and a large spleen and liver.

MUCOCUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS

PREVENTION AND CONTROL

• Early diagnosis and effective case management

• Vector control • Effective disease surveillance • Control of reservoir hosts • Social mobilization and strengthening

partnerships

Contd..• Providing technical support to build

sustainable, effective surveillance system and epidemic preparedness and response.

• Strengthening collaboration and coordination• Monitoring the global leishmaniasis situation,

trends and measure progress in the disease control, and financing

• Promoting research on effective leishmaniasis control

WHO RESPONSE

• Supporting national leishmaniasis control programmes.

• Raising awareness and advocacy on the global burden of leishmaniasis.

• Promoting equitable access to health services for disease prevention and case management.

• Developing evidence-based policy guidelines, strategies and standards.

SCHISTOSOMIASIS• Schistosomiasis is an acute and chronic disease

caused by parasitic worms.• The number of people reported to have been

treated for schistosomiasis in 2012 was 42.1 million and 249 million taken preventive treatment

• People become infected when larval forms of the parasite released by freshwater snails penetrate the skin during contact with infested water.

Prevention and control

• Large-scale treatment of at-risk population groups, access to safe water, improved sanitation, hygiene education and snail control.

• The WHO strategy for schistosomiasis control focuses on reducing disease through periodic, targeted treatment with praziquantel

WHO RESPONSE

• Preventive chemotherapy in consultation with collaborating centres

• WHO develops technical guidelines and tools for use by national control programmes.

• Increased access to praziquantel and resources for implementation

CHAGAS DISEASE

• Chagas disease or American trypanosomiasis, is a potentially life-threatening illness caused by the protozoan parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi.

• About 7 million to 8 million people are estimated to be infected worldwide, mostly in Latin America where Chagas disease is endemic.

PREVENTION AND CONTROL

• Spraying of houses and surrounding areas with residual insecticides.

• House improvements to prevent vector infestation.

• Personal preventive measures such as bednets.

Contd…

• To kill the parasite, Chagas disease can be treated with benznidazole and also nifurtimox

• There is no vaccine for Chagas disease. • Vector control is the most effective method of

prevention

Contd..

• Good hygiene practices in food preparation, transportation, storage and consumption.

• Screening of blood donors.• Testing of organ, tissue or cell of donors and

receivers.• Screening of newborns and other children of

infected mothers to provide early diagnosis and treatment.

WHO RESPONSE

• Strengthening world epidemiological surveillance and information systems.

• Preventing transmission by blood transfusion and organ transplantation.

• Promoting the identification of diagnostic tests for screening and diagnosis of infections.

• Expanding secondary prevention of congenital transmission and case management of congenital and non-congenital infections.

LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS

• Nearly 1.4 billion people in 73 countries worldwide are threatened by lymphatic filariasis or elephantiasis.

• Over 120 million people are currently infected, with about 40 million disfigured and incapacitated by the disease.

WHO’s strategy is based on 2 key components:• stopping transmission through large-scale

annual treatment of all eligible people in an area or region where infection is present.

• alleviating the suffering caused by lymphatic filariasis through increased morbidity management and disability prevention activities.

WHO RESPONSE• Large-scale treatment (mass drug

administration)Albendazole (400 mg) together with ivermectin (150-200 mcg/kg) or with diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) (6 mg/kg).

• Morbidity management and disability prevention

• Vector control

THANK YOUTHANK YOU